最新高考英語(yǔ)(浙江專(zhuān)用)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)(真題模擬)課件專(zhuān)題十四 文章補(bǔ)全閱讀 (共103張PPT)

1、專(zhuān)題十四 文章補(bǔ)全閱讀高考英語(yǔ)高考英語(yǔ)(浙江省專(zhuān)用)a a組組 20172017年全國(guó)高考題組年全國(guó)高考題組passage 1(2017浙江)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。how to do man-on-the-street interviewsthe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.1 but with these

2、 tips, your first man-on-the-street interview ex-perience can be easy.when your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. for example, if your topic is about environmental pr

3、oblems in america, you might ask,“why do you think environmen-tal protection is important in america?”2 hit the streets with confidence.3 say,“excuse me, i work for xyz news, and i was wonder-ing if you could share your opinion about this topic.”this is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.五年

4、高考move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. dont get discouraged.4 each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. as soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. make sure that as you go from interv

5、iew to in-terview, you are getting a variety of answers. if everyone is giving you the same answer, you wont be able to use it. a safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.5 if your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, dont leave wor

6、k without them.a.limit your time.b.as you approach people, be polite.c.if you dont own a camera, you can buy one.d.for new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.e.to get good and useful results, ask them the same question.f.that number of interviews should give you all the answers you nee

7、d.g.with a question like this, you will get more than a “yes” or “no” reply.答案答案 語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章就“如何做好街頭采訪”給出了一些建議。1.d過(guò)渡句。該空的前句引入“街頭采訪”這一話題,此空表示“對(duì)于新記者來(lái)說(shuō),這似乎是一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)”,引出下文的建議。2.g細(xì)節(jié)句。此段落的建議是“事先準(zhǔn)備好問(wèn)題”,并舉例進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。g項(xiàng)中的this指代上句舉出的問(wèn)題,很好地契合了上文。3.b過(guò)渡句。此段的建議主要圍繞采訪時(shí)的態(tài)度展開(kāi)。從空后的“excuse me”可知,接近被采訪者時(shí)要有禮貌。故b項(xiàng)符合題意。

8、4.a 主旨句。此空下句說(shuō)“每次采訪的時(shí)間不要超過(guò)10分鐘”,所以此處選a。5.f細(xì)節(jié)句。此空上文提到“采訪時(shí)需要得到不同的答案,進(jìn)行大約六到十次采訪更穩(wěn)妥些”,而f項(xiàng)“這一采訪數(shù)量應(yīng)該能給你你想要的答案”正好能與上文密切連接。長(zhǎng)難句長(zhǎng)難句 原句:the man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cam-eraman to interview people on the spot.分析:這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,其中in which 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾intervie

9、w。譯文:街頭采訪指的是一個(gè)記者帶著攝像師在街上現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采訪他人的采訪。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)詞匯relate to 與有關(guān)environmental protection 環(huán)境保護(hù)a variety of各種各樣的詞匯積累詞匯積累hit v.打擊;碰撞;此處意為“拍攝”warm up熟悉passage 2(2017課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。if anyone had told me three years ago that i would be spending most of my weekends camping, i would ha

10、ve laughed heartily. campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. they had nothing in common with me. 1 the friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 2 we slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and

11、 walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. this brief visit with mother nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.i was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilde

12、rness. 3 instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. my nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.4 we have done a lot of it since. recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in tv set.

13、 there is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrig-erator. the trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.5 it must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. i recommend that you find your way in style.a.this time there was no tent.b.things are going to

14、 be improved.c.the trip they took me on was a rough one.d.i was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.e.i must say that i have certainly come to enjoy camping.f.after the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.g.there was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案答

15、案 語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為記敘文。三年前,如果有人說(shuō)我會(huì)將大部分周末用來(lái)野營(yíng),我會(huì)開(kāi)懷大笑。但也就是從那時(shí)起,我開(kāi)始野營(yíng)并深深迷戀上它。相信有一天,你也會(huì)回到大自然中去。1.d過(guò)渡句。上文指出,三年前,我不相信自己會(huì)用大部分周末去野營(yíng),參加野營(yíng)的人會(huì)經(jīng)歷種種困難,我和他們不是一類(lèi)人。下文講到了自己迷戀上野營(yíng)的過(guò)程,故此處有引起下文的作用。d項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,與前面的內(nèi)容有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。句意:但是,從那時(shí)起我注定會(huì)學(xué)到很多關(guān)于野營(yíng)的東西。 2.c過(guò)渡句。空后主要介紹了首次野營(yíng)中遇到的困難與艱苦,故c項(xiàng)符合本段內(nèi)容。rough(令人不快的;艱難的)是關(guān)鍵詞。3.a細(xì)節(jié)句。由空后的內(nèi)容及前面的another可知,a項(xiàng)

16、可將前后句有效銜接起來(lái)。4.f過(guò)渡句。本句位于段首,起到了承上啟下的作用。上段提到了第二次較為舒適的野營(yíng),下文指出自此之后進(jìn)行了多次野營(yíng),且裝備更加完善。f項(xiàng)意為“這次行程之后,我們一家人對(duì)野營(yíng)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣”,下文中的we指代my family,該句有效地連接了上下文。5.e主旨句。本句位于最后一段,起到了總結(jié)全文的作用,且與文章開(kāi)頭提到的三年前不喜歡野營(yíng)相呼應(yīng)。e項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“我不得不說(shuō)我絕對(duì)已經(jīng)喜歡上了野營(yíng)”。長(zhǎng)難句長(zhǎng)難句 原句:if anyone had told me three years ago that i would be spending most of my wee

17、kends camping, i would have laughed heartily.分析:本句為復(fù)合句,且采用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。因?yàn)槭菍?duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,故本句中條件狀語(yǔ)從句為過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài),主句采用了“would have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。譯文:三年前如果有人說(shuō)我會(huì)用大部分周末來(lái)野營(yíng),我會(huì)開(kāi)懷大笑。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)詞匯heartily adv.開(kāi)懷地詞匯積累詞匯積累pop-up adj.有彈出功能的camper n.野營(yíng)車(chē)trailer n.拖車(chē);(拖車(chē)式)活動(dòng)房屋passage 3(2017課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)

18、。interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done.1 , there are several ways to handle things. lets take a look at them now.2 . tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a differen

19、t time.when people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then.3 . it can help to eliminate(消除)future interruptions.when you need to talk to someone, dont do it in your own office.4 , its much easier to excuse yourself to

20、get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explain-ing how busy you are.if you have a door to your office, make good use of it.5 . if someone knocks and its not an im-portant matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示

21、)that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.a.if youre busy, dont feel bad about saying nob.when you want to avoid interruptions at workc.set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesd.if youre in the other persons office or in a public areae.its important that you let them know

22、when youll be availablef.it might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youg.leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not答案答案 語(yǔ)篇解讀工作時(shí)最糟糕的事情之一就是受到干擾。本文介紹了在工作中避免被干擾的幾種方法。1.b細(xì)節(jié)句?？崭裉帪閺木?空格后的句子為主句,只有b項(xiàng)和d項(xiàng)符合要求。主句指出“有幾種可以解決問(wèn)題的方法”,b項(xiàng)意為“當(dāng)你想在工作中避免受到干擾時(shí)”,符合語(yǔ)境要求。d項(xiàng)意為“如果你在

23、別人的辦公室或者公共場(chǎng)所”,與主句所述內(nèi)容不一致。2.a 主旨句。下文表達(dá)的是“向他人道歉,并向他解釋你有很多事情要做,然后問(wèn)一問(wèn)你們兩個(gè)人能否在別的時(shí)間再談”,由此可知a項(xiàng)“如果你很忙,不要因?yàn)榫芙^別人而感到愧疚”符合語(yǔ)境。3.e過(guò)渡句。上文指出,別人想干擾你時(shí),要設(shè)定好時(shí)間,讓別人知道什么時(shí)候再來(lái)找你或你什么時(shí)候去找他們。下文指出,這樣有助于消除后續(xù)的干擾。結(jié)合上下文可知,e項(xiàng)“讓他們知道你什么時(shí)候有空很重要”符合語(yǔ)境。4.d細(xì)節(jié)句。上文指出,你需要和他人談?wù)剷r(shí),不要在自己的辦公室做這件事。下文對(duì)此進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明:“在別人辦公室或者公共場(chǎng)所,更容易找借口回去工作”。d項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5.g過(guò)渡句

24、。door為關(guān)鍵詞。上文指出,如果辦公室有一扇門(mén)的話,要充分利用。g項(xiàng)意為“有空交談時(shí)就開(kāi)著門(mén),反之則關(guān)上門(mén)”,下文對(duì)此做法進(jìn)行了解釋說(shuō)明。故g項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。長(zhǎng)難句長(zhǎng)難句 原句:if someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.分析:該句為復(fù)合句,if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,so(that)

25、引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。hint后為that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句,從句中還含有when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文:如果有人敲門(mén)并且不是重要的事情,那你就可以為自己找個(gè)理由,讓這個(gè)人知道你很忙,這樣他們就可以得到這樣的暗示:門(mén)關(guān)著時(shí),你不想受到干擾。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)詞匯interruption n.打擾;插嘴excuse v.為找理由passage 4(2017課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the al

26、arm clock. in fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 1 heres how to make one.2 in order to make a change, you need to decide why its important. do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for you

27、r day? once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.rethink mornings. now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. if you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night be-f

28、ore by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. if youre tired out by friday night, sleeping in on saturday could sound wonderful. but compensating on the weekends actu

29、ally feeds into your sleepi-ness the following week, a recent study found. 4 keep a record and evaluate it weekly. keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. af-ter youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 5 if not, take another look at other methods you could tr

30、y.a.get a sleep specialist.b.find the right motivation.c.a better plan for sleep can help.d.and consider setting a second alarm.e.if the steps you take are working, keep it up.f.stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.g.reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to

31、 get coffee.答案答案 語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為說(shuō)明文。很多人認(rèn)為早上不能按時(shí)起床是設(shè)定的鬧鈴的問(wèn)題。實(shí)際上,按時(shí)起床關(guān)鍵在于重新設(shè)定自己的生物鐘。文章介紹了如何制訂一個(gè)更好的睡眠計(jì)劃。1.c過(guò)渡句。上句提到了“事實(shí)上,重設(shè)生物鐘是早上輕松醒來(lái)的關(guān)鍵”,本句對(duì)此作出回應(yīng),且應(yīng)該指出下句中“make one”中one所指代的內(nèi)容,c項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境需要,意為“更好的睡眠計(jì)劃可以對(duì)此有所幫助”。2.b主旨句。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知,本段主要介紹了對(duì)睡眠計(jì)劃作出調(diào)整的一些動(dòng)機(jī),如早起和家人一起吃早飯、鍛煉身體、為新的一天做更好的準(zhǔn)備等,故b項(xiàng)符合本段主旨,意為“找到合適的動(dòng)機(jī)”。3.g細(xì)節(jié)句。下句提到“如果你買(mǎi)

32、一臺(tái)可以定時(shí)的咖啡機(jī)的話,就可以多睡15分鐘”,coffee以及a quarter-hour為關(guān)鍵詞。g項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“重新考慮你在咖啡店排隊(duì)買(mǎi)咖啡要花費(fèi)的15分鐘時(shí)間”,與下句相呼應(yīng)。4.f細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知,即便在周末也要堅(jiān)持自己的計(jì)劃,一旦周末違反計(jì)劃,會(huì)影響接下來(lái)的一周。本句是對(duì)上文的總結(jié),f項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“無(wú)論哪一天都要堅(jiān)持已設(shè)定的睡眠和醒來(lái)時(shí)間”。5.e過(guò)渡句。上文指出一周后要對(duì)自己的記錄作出評(píng)估,本句應(yīng)該是某種評(píng)估結(jié)果,再結(jié)合下句可知e項(xiàng)符合上下文語(yǔ)境,意為“如果你采取的措施奏效,就要堅(jiān)持下去”。長(zhǎng)難句長(zhǎng)難句 原句:now that you know why you w

33、ant to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. 分析:now that意為“既然”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,主句為祈使句。在原因狀語(yǔ)從句中why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。譯文:既然你知道自己要醒來(lái)的原因,那么考慮重新安排一下你早上的活動(dòng)吧。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)詞匯put the blame on.把責(zé)任歸咎于keep track of了解的動(dòng)態(tài)compensate v.補(bǔ)償passage 5(2017北京)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。every animal sleeps, but t

34、he reason for this has remained foggy. when lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1 one idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2 we know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加強(qiáng)) connections between brain cells, but the memory pro-cesses th

35、at take place while we sleep have been unclear.support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神經(jīng)元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 3 now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 the s

36、ynapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.if tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights sleep, we find it harder the next day to concen

37、trate and learn new informationour brains may have smaller room for new ex-periences.their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. the team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 5 “you keep wha

38、t matters,” tononi says.a.we should also try to sleep well the night before.b.its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.c.similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.d.the processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.e.thats w

39、hy students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.f.“sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says giulio tononi, who developed the idea.g.tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.答案答案 語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為說(shuō)明文。研究表明,睡眠期間腦細(xì)胞之間的關(guān)聯(lián)會(huì)減弱,從而使大腦為新

40、的記憶騰出空間,但是對(duì)于重要的記憶,大腦則會(huì)對(duì)其加以保護(hù)。1.c細(xì)節(jié)句。上句指出,當(dāng)不允許實(shí)驗(yàn)室的老鼠睡覺(jué)時(shí),它們?cè)谝粋€(gè)月之內(nèi)就死去了。本句是上句的延伸,由動(dòng)物轉(zhuǎn)移到了人類(lèi)。c項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“同樣,人幾天不睡覺(jué)的話也會(huì)生病”。2.e細(xì)節(jié)句。上句指出睡眠有助于加強(qiáng)新的記憶,下文對(duì)此進(jìn)行了解釋。本句應(yīng)該是對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的回應(yīng),e項(xiàng)“那也就是為什么學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)之后如果有機(jī)會(huì)睡覺(jué)的話,他們就會(huì)考得更好”符合語(yǔ)境。3.f過(guò)渡句。下段首句指出“現(xiàn)在我們有最直接的證據(jù)證明他是正確的”,由此可知本句應(yīng)指出某人的觀點(diǎn)。結(jié)合本段提出的“睡覺(jué)期間神經(jīng)元之間的關(guān)聯(lián)減弱,從而為第二天要形成的新記憶騰出空間”,可以判斷f項(xiàng)符

41、合語(yǔ)境。4.g過(guò)渡句。下句的synapses以及the mice為關(guān)鍵線索。下文指出了老鼠在睡完一覺(jué)后和睡覺(jué)前“synapses”的不同,所以本句應(yīng)該指出本次試驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容,故g項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5.b細(xì)節(jié)句。上句指出,研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)某些神經(jīng)突觸似乎得到了保護(hù),并未發(fā)生變化,這正是對(duì)某些重要記憶的保護(hù),故b項(xiàng)正確。長(zhǎng)難句長(zhǎng)難句 原句:we know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take

42、place while we sleep have been unclear.分析:本句為并列復(fù)合句。連詞but連接了兩個(gè)并列分句,在前一分句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞know后為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,while awake作狀語(yǔ);在后一分句中,that為關(guān)系代詞,代指先行詞the memory pro-cesses,while we sleep為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文:我們知道,在醒著的時(shí)候,通過(guò)加強(qiáng)大腦細(xì)胞之間的關(guān)聯(lián),新的記憶被記住,但在我們睡覺(jué)時(shí)發(fā)生的記憶過(guò)程還不清楚。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)詞匯foggy adj. 模糊的;有霧的make room for為騰出空間matter v. 重要;要緊;有關(guān)系b b組組

43、 2013201620132016年全國(guó)高考題組年全國(guó)高考題組passage 1(2016浙江10月)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。how to have a successful teenage lifeeveryone wants to succeed in their life, dont they? even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isnt that hard.1 do well in school. no matter how b

44、oring it is now, education will help you be a productive mem-ber in society. try your best for excellence in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.2 do good in y

45、our community(社區(qū)).volunteering can not only improve your communitys status, it could make you happier. studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depres-sion (抑郁)than people who dont.3 for example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. if you love helping the en

46、vironment, plant trees or pick up litter. when you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.4 remember, theyre there to help you be the best that you can be. respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes.5 you dont get to choose your teachers or your family,

47、 but you still have to put up with them. learn how to deal with people now, because when youre an adult, you dont get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.a.live life to the fullest.b.school sets you up on the right track!c.be nice to your parents and teachers.d.f

48、ind chances to do volunteer work that interests you.e.it will help you pass time and develop your personality.f.here are some important points that you may find helpful.g.keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.答案答案 語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于青少年如何將自己的生活過(guò)得豐富且成功的建議。1.f由文章的題目

49、、第一段內(nèi)容以及后面的語(yǔ)境可知,本文就青少年如何將自己的生活過(guò)得豐富且有意義提出了一些看法。下面的內(nèi)容就是作者給出的建議。設(shè)空處的句子就是引出下面的內(nèi)容,故答案為f。2.b第二段的主要內(nèi)容都是圍繞學(xué)校學(xué)業(yè)展開(kāi)的,建議青少年們?cè)谛ＲJ(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí),取得好成績(jī);再根據(jù)該段倒數(shù)第二句“doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.”進(jìn)行判斷;而余下的六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有b項(xiàng)與“學(xué)?！庇嘘P(guān),且與前面的“a bright future”相呼應(yīng)。3.d本段的內(nèi)容是有

50、關(guān)社區(qū)的志愿活動(dòng)。作者建議,應(yīng)該多參與社區(qū)的志愿服務(wù)工作;d項(xiàng)的意思是“找機(jī)會(huì)做引起你興趣的志愿活動(dòng)”,符合題意。4.c第四段講的是如何處理好與父母還有老師之間的關(guān)系;而余下的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有c項(xiàng)是關(guān)于父母和老師的,且能概括段落大意,作為主旨句,故為正確答案。5.g由第四段的第二句和第三句可知,父母和老師的出發(fā)點(diǎn)都是為了自己的孩子或?qū)W生好,幫助他們成為最好的人,因此,即使有時(shí)候他們會(huì)讓人生氣,也要學(xué)著去尊重他們并聽(tīng)取他們的意見(jiàn);故要對(duì)家長(zhǎng)和老師好,余下的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有g(shù)項(xiàng)符合此處的語(yǔ)境。高級(jí)語(yǔ)塊高級(jí)語(yǔ)塊put up with sb.忍受某人長(zhǎng)難句長(zhǎng)難句studies show that pe

51、ople who volunteer are less likely to develop depression than people who dont. 研究表明做義工的人比那些不做的人得抑郁癥的幾率要小。文中兩個(gè)who均引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。passage 2(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。secret codes(密碼)keep messages private. banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, esp

52、ecially when information is sent by computer.people have used secret codes for thousands of years.1 code breaking never lags(落后)far be-hind code making. the science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.there are three main types of cryptography.2 for example, the first lette

53、rs of “my elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“meet me.”3 you might represent each letter with a number, for example. lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. if we substitute a number for each letter,the message “meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.”a code

54、uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. to read the message of a real code, you must have a code book.4 for example, “bridge”might stand for “meet”and“out”might stand for “me”.the message“bridge out”would actually mean“meet me.”5 however, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for

55、long. so codes must be changed frequently.a.it is very hard to break a code without the code book.b.in any language, some letters are used more than others.c.only people who know the keyword can read the message.d.as long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.e.you can hide a mes

56、sage by having the first letters of each word spell it out.f.with a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.g.another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.答案答案 語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了密碼的用途、歷史以及三種密碼方式。1.d過(guò)渡句。上句提到:人們使用密碼已經(jīng)幾千年了。下句提

57、到:密碼的破解從未太落后于密碼的設(shè)定。由此可知d項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“只要有密碼,人們就會(huì)盡力去破解它們?！?.e過(guò)渡句。上句提到:有三種主要的密碼設(shè)定方式。下句提到:例如,“my elephant eats too many eels”的首字母就拼出了“meet me”這一隱藏起來(lái)的信息。由此可知本句應(yīng)該為一種密碼的設(shè)定方式,根據(jù)下句舉到的例子,可知e項(xiàng)正確,意為“你可以用每個(gè)單詞的首字母拼寫(xiě)出一條信息,以此來(lái)隱藏它?！?.g主旨句。上段指出有三種主要的密碼設(shè)定方式,上段已經(jīng)提到了一種,本段應(yīng)該指出另外一種。下文舉例說(shuō)明了用數(shù)字來(lái)代替字母的密碼方式,由此可知g項(xiàng)能起到統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段的作用,意為“另外一

58、種隱藏信息的方式就是用符號(hào)來(lái)代替字母表中特定的字母?！?.f細(xì)節(jié)句。上句指出:要解讀某個(gè)真實(shí)密碼的信息,你必須要有密碼本。本句是對(duì)上句的解釋說(shuō)明,結(jié)合下文舉到的例子,可推斷出本句主要解釋如何利用密碼本來(lái)破解隱藏起來(lái)的信息。f項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“擁有了密碼本,你也許就能寫(xiě)出代表其他單詞的單詞?！?.a細(xì)節(jié)句。上文指出了利用密碼本來(lái)破解密碼的方式。a項(xiàng)是總結(jié)上文內(nèi)容得出的結(jié)論,意為“沒(méi)有密碼本就很難破解密碼”,而且根據(jù)下句“.it is also hard to.”的句型結(jié)構(gòu)也可得知a項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。長(zhǎng)難句長(zhǎng)難句banks, companies, and government agencies use

59、secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.銀行、公司和政府機(jī)構(gòu)在辦公時(shí)都使用密碼,尤其是當(dāng)信息是由電腦發(fā)出的時(shí)候。本句為主從復(fù)合句。本句中use.in.為常用結(jié)構(gòu),意為“在某方面使用”,when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。passage 3(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。a garden thats just right for youhave you ever visited a garden that seemed

60、 just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和)of its parts?1 .but it doesnt happen by accident. it starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.2 some pe