小學(xué)英語語法要點及習(xí)題總結(jié)(共19頁)

1、小學(xué)英語語法要點及習(xí)題（名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則）1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman

2、-policewomenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethfish-fishpeople-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese小練習(xí)：寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I_him_this_her_watch_child_photo_diary_day_foot_book_dress_tooth_sheep_box_strawberry_thief_yo-yo_peach_sandwich_man_woman_paper_juice_water_milk_rice_tea_小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題（一般現(xiàn)在時）一般現(xiàn)在

3、時基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1.be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es&qu

4、ot;。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1.be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toften

5、play.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washe

6、s,watch-watches,go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink_go_stay_make_look_have_pass_carry_come_watch_plant_fly_study_brush_do_teach_二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heoften_(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_(notgo)tothezooonSund

7、ay.5._they_(like)theWorldCup?6.What_theyoften_(do)onSaturdays?7._yourparents_(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI_(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There_(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_(like)cooking.12.They_(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_(look)afterherbabycarefully

8、.14.Youalways_(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.16.She_(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.Whatday_(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)_2.Idomyh

9、omeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3.Shelikesmilk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)_6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否定句)_7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(對劃線部分提問)_8.JohncomesfromCanada.(對劃線部分提問)_9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_10.Simon

10、andDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)_四、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?_2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?_3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass._4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays._小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時）1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句在

11、be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+主語+動詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_s

12、ki_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit_begin_shop_二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy_(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_you_(do)now?5.Look.They_(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They_(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls_(da

13、nce)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_(listen)tomusic.9.Its5oclocknow.We_(have)suppernow10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)_2Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Implayingthefootballintheplayground.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)_4Tomisreading

14、booksinhisstudy.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)_小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題4一般將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingto+do；will+do.三、否定句：在be動詞（am,is,are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如：Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisaftern

15、oon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1.問人。Who例如：ImgoingtoNewYorksoon.WhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.問干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.Whatisyourfathergoingto

16、dowithyouthisafternoon.3.問什么時候。When.例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下個星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What_nextMonday?I_playbasketball.What_youdo

17、nextMonday?I_playbasketball.3.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_yourmother_goshoppingthis_?Yes,she_.She_buysomefruit.4.你們打算什么時候見面。Whattime_you_meet?改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy_goingtogocamping.6.Illgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_go_jointhem.7.Imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）_togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.We

18、willmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問句）_meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對劃線部分提問）_she_afterschool?10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)_goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.Todayisasunnyday.We_(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12.Mybrother_(

19、go)toShanghainextweek.13.Tomoften_(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He_(go)toschoolbybike.14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually_(watch)TVand_(catch)insects?15.ItsFridaytoday.What_she_(do)thisweekend?She_(watch)TVand_(catch)insects.16.What_(d0)youdolastSunday?I_(pick)applesonafarm.What_(do)nextSun

20、day?I_(milk)cows.17.Mary_(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.18.LiuTao_(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19.David_(give)apuppetshownextMonday.20.I_(plan)formystudynow小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題5一般過去時PartA1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasnt）are在一

21、般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=werent）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didnt+動詞原形，如：Jimdidntgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterda

22、y?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-san

23、g,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat一般過去時練習(xí)寫出下列動詞的過去式isam_fly_plant_are_drink_play_go_make_does_dance_worry_ask_taste_eat_draw_put_throw_kick_pass_do_Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)（1）Name_No._Date_一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I_atschooljustnow.2

24、.He_atthecamplastweek.3.We_studentstwoyearsago.4.They_onthefarmamomentago.5.YangLing_elevenyearsoldlastyear.6.There_anappleontheplateyesterday.7.There_somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8.Themobilephone_onthesofayesterdayevening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Itwasexciting.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句：

25、_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3.Theywereinhispocket.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)（2）Name_No._Date_一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I_anEnglishteachernow.2.She_happyyesterday.3.They_gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancy_goodfriends.5.Thelittledog_twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look,there_lotsofgrapeshere.7.There_asignonthechaironMon

26、day.8.Today_thesecondofJune.Yesterday_thefirstofJune.It_ChildrensDay.Allthestudents_veryexcited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_三、中譯英1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。_2他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。_3一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。_行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)（1）Name_No._Date_一、用行為動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He_(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Theca

27、t_(eat)abirdlastnight.3.We_(have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy_(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I_(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They_(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother_(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8.Thegirls_(sing)and_(dance)attheparty.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsd

28、ay.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2.Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)（2）Name_No._Date_一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I_(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_tozooyesterday,we_tothepark.(go)4._you_(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFest

29、ival?5._he_(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he_.6.GaoShan_(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I_(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother_.8.What_she_(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She_(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_三、中譯英1.格林先生去年住在中國。_2.昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場。_3.他剛才在找他

30、的手機(jī)。_一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.It_(be)BensbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall_(have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He_(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen_(milk)acowonFriday.5.Shelikes_newspapers,butshe_abookyesterday.(read)6.He_footballnow,butthey_basketballjustnow.(play)7.Jimsmother_(plant)treesjustnow.8._they_(sweep)theflooronSun

31、day?No,they_.9.I_(watch)acartoononMonday.10.We_(go)toschoolonSunday.二、中譯英1.我們上周五看了一部電影。_2.他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。_3.你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動物園。_4.你上周在哪兒?在野營基地。_小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)及習(xí)題6形容詞和副詞的比一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more,alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2形容詞加er的規(guī)則：一般在詞尾加er；以字母e結(jié)尾，

32、加r；以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er。3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副詞的比較級1形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別(有be用形，有形用be；有動用副，有副用動)在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同(不規(guī)則變化：well-better,far-farther)練習(xí)一)、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級old_young_tall_long_short_strong_big_smal

33、l_fat_thin_heavy_light_nice_good_beautiful_low_high_slow_fast_late_early_far_well_二)、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears_(old)thanme.2.Tomisas_(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister_(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois_(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis_(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Maryshairisas_(long)asLucys.7.Ben_(jump)_(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8._Nancysing_(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_.9.Fangfangisnotas_(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare_(big)than_(she).11.Whichis_(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_(early),T