中考沖刺英語(yǔ)課題專(zhuān)練

1、【中考沖刺英語(yǔ)課題專(zhuān)練】 （共 19 講）【第 1 講：名詞】名詞當(dāng)然是大家都很熟悉的了，我們吃的food， 喝的 drinks， 穿的 clothes 都是名詞。 it is easy, right? 但是你可能被名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化、名詞作定語(yǔ)以及名詞所有格等問(wèn)題搞得糊里糊涂的，到底該怎么用呢？ok,follow me 。first, 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的特殊變化。普通名詞的復(fù)數(shù)我們知道是直接加-s 或 -es， 可是偏偏有一些名詞不聽(tīng)話(huà)，變化不規(guī)則。這些小調(diào)皮是：a. class, box, watch, brush 等詞以s, x, ch, sh, 結(jié)尾，復(fù)數(shù)要加-es；b. story, fact

2、ory 等以 輔音字母 +y結(jié)尾的詞復(fù)數(shù)要先將-y 變成 -i 再加 -es；c. knife, wife, life等以 -f 或-fe 結(jié)尾的詞一般先將-f 或-fe 變?yōu)?-v, 再加 -es；d. 以-o 結(jié)尾的名詞， 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，末尾是 元音字母 +o 的詞加 -s， 我們學(xué)過(guò)的有radio,zoo。末尾是 輔音字母 +o的詞，變復(fù)數(shù)加 -es。 如： tomato, hero, potato， 當(dāng)然其中的piano 和 photo，又是一個(gè)例外，他們的結(jié)尾只能加-s。e. child（children ）, foot （feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse（mice）

3、, man（men ）, woman（women ）等詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化全不遵循規(guī)則。注意：與man 和woman 構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men 和 -women 。如： an englishman，two englishmen. 但 german 不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為germans；f. deer， sheep等詞更是懶得可以，竟然單復(fù)數(shù)同形。好記好記。people， police，cattle 等詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)，所以它們的謂語(yǔ)當(dāng)然也是復(fù)數(shù)形式，這就是集體名詞。the english， the french， the chinese 等名詞表示國(guó)民總稱(chēng)時(shí)，也作復(fù)數(shù)用。注

4、意： maths， politics ， physics 等學(xué)科名詞 ,雖然以 -s 結(jié)尾，仍為不可數(shù)名詞。 還有 theunited states(美國(guó)），the united nations （聯(lián)合國(guó)）等應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。別奇怪，名詞有時(shí)也可以作定語(yǔ)的。它作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般用單數(shù)，但也有以下例外。a. man, woman 等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的單復(fù)數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。如：menworkers， women teachers。b. 數(shù)詞 +名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)， 這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式,中間加連字符。 如：a ten-mile walk十里路， two-hundred trees 兩百棵樹(shù)。哇！這些問(wèn)

5、題好復(fù)雜，我好想輕松一下。那我們就輕輕松松地面對(duì)名詞所有格問(wèn)題。這里面內(nèi)容可謂少之又少，可也不能小視呦。名詞所有格：表示“的”通常是在名詞的后面加-s，如： childrens day， fathers shoes。但以 -s 結(jié)尾的名詞因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)有s了，只需加 就 ok 了。如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有s，.則表示“分別有” 。.如： johns and marys room（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）；兩個(gè)名詞并列，只有一個(gè) s，則表示 共有 。如： john and marys room（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）。還有些無(wú)生命名詞的所屬要用介詞of 來(lái)幫助一下，如：a map of chin

6、a，the end of this term 。好，名詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完，its a piece of cake? 接下來(lái)到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，are you ready? 練習(xí)：1. all the _teachers and_students are having a meeting there. a. women girls b. women girl c. womangirls d. woman girl 2. mr black is a friend of _. a. jacks aunts b. jacks aunt c. jack aunts d. aunts of jack

7、 3. this toy was made by a _ boy. a. ten-year-old b. ten-years-old c. ten-year-older d.ten-years-older 4. the farmer raised ten _. a. sheeps b. deers c. horse d. cows 5. she looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_. a. her grandmother b. her grandmothers c. her grandmothers d. that of her grand

8、mother 6. we have moved into a _. a. two- storey house b. house of two storey c. two-storeys house d. two storeys house 7. the _ was too much for the child to carry. a. boxs steel b. box of a steel c. steel box d. box of the steel 8. well give our english teacher a card for _. a. the teachers day b.

9、 teachers day c. a teachers day d. teachers day 9. li ping met an old friend of _on a train yesterday. a. he b. him c. his d. her 10. _are big and bright. a. the classroom window b. the window of the classroom c. the windows of the classroom d. the classrooms windows 實(shí)戰(zhàn)：1. dont worry. your son will

10、come back in _hour. a. a b. an c. the d. / 2. this nice blouse isnt mine. its _. a. you b. your c. lucy d. yours 3. whats potato in chinese?its _ . a. 香蕉b. 大白菜c. 西紅柿d. 土豆4. the ninth month of a year is _. a. december b. november c. september d. october 5. a: must i leave now? b: no, you _. a. neednt

11、 b. mustnt c. dont d. wont 6. we have a history lesson _wednesday afternoon. a. on b. of c. at d. to 7. suan has made quite _friends since she came to china. a. few b. a few c. little d. a little 8. a: have you ever _to the west lake? b: yes, i _there last winter. a. gone, went b. been, went c. gone

12、 , have been d. been, have 9. do you _english? a. tell b. say c. talk d. speak 10. a: may i _your ruler? b: ok, im glad to _it to you. a. lend, borrow b. lend, lend c. borrow , lend d. borrow, borrow 11. well go to the museum if it _tomorrow. a. cant rain b. wont rain c. dont rain d. doesnt rian 12.

13、 do you know _? a. where does he study b. he studies where c. where he studies d. he where studies 13. a: _do you go to see your grandparents? b: once a month a. how often b. how long c. how much d. how many 14. a: would you like another cup of orange? b: _im full. a. no, thanks b. yes, please. c. h

14、ere it is. d. i dont like. 15. you must be tired. why not _a rest? a. to stop to have b. stop having c. stop to haved. to stop having 【第 2 講：代詞】我們剛剛講完了名詞，現(xiàn)在再來(lái)看看名詞的brother代詞。它與名詞的作用其實(shí)很相似，所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)木渲谐煞忠蚕嗖畈欢唷５矂e小看代詞呀！它還有很多的“小個(gè)性”呢！只要抓住它的幾個(gè)“小脾氣” ，那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了。代詞中第一個(gè)“小個(gè)性”就是物主代詞。像my 和 mine 這兩個(gè)小冤家總是讓人分不清誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)。但你只

15、要記住它們最重要的區(qū)別my 的后面一定要接名詞，不可以單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)，只能做定語(yǔ)，如： my father ；而 mine 則是名詞性，只能單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)，在句中做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。如：mine is green. its mine. 記住這兩個(gè)句子，凡是名詞性物主代詞（yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs）就都可以放在mine 的位置上了。這樣，通過(guò)它們出現(xiàn)的位置不同，我們就可以把它們區(qū)別開(kāi)了。代詞的第二個(gè)“羅嗦”就是它有一個(gè)小跟班self(selves)反身代詞，也就是表示“自己、親自”的意思。關(guān)于反身代詞，需要注意的是她不能單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ)，但可以放在人稱(chēng)代詞后面，做同位語(yǔ)。如

16、：marry herself said so. 瑪麗她自己這么說(shuō)的。 （不能說(shuō)herself said so.）下面我給你開(kāi)點(diǎn)小灶，單獨(dú)講一講須“特特”注意的地方。of+名詞性物主代詞：of +物主代詞構(gòu)成雙重所有格。公式為：a（an, this, that ）+名詞+of +名詞性物主代詞。 牢記公式， 舉一反三。因?yàn)槲镏鞔~不可與a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等詞一起前置，修飾一個(gè)名詞， 而必須用雙重所有格。如：a friend of mine （我的一個(gè)朋友） ，each

17、brother of his（他的每一個(gè)兄弟）. some, any 的用法：我們都知道some 用于肯定句中， 而 any 則用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。所以 somebody， someone也用于肯定句中，而anybody、anyone 則用于否定和疑問(wèn)句中。注意：在 would youlike some coffee? （要來(lái)點(diǎn)咖啡嗎？）這樣的肯定疑問(wèn)句中，說(shuō)話(huà)人認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)，用some 而不用 any。every 和 each 的用法： every 強(qiáng)調(diào)全體的概念，指三個(gè)以上的人或物(含三個(gè) )，不可單獨(dú)使用； each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念。指兩個(gè)以上的人或物(含

18、兩個(gè) )，可單獨(dú)使用 .。every student in our school works hard. （我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生都很用功。） each student may have one book. （每個(gè)學(xué)生都可有一本書(shū)。 ）both, either, neither 的用法：both 意為“兩者全都” ，與復(fù)數(shù)連用。either 意為“兩者中間的任何一個(gè)”，neither 表示“兩者之間一個(gè)也不是”，與單數(shù)連用。如：both of the them come from london。他們兩人都是倫敦人。you may take either with you 。 兩個(gè)中間你隨便帶哪個(gè)都行。

19、neither is correct 。兩個(gè)都不對(duì)。few，a few 和 little ，a little 的用法：few，a few 用來(lái)代替和修飾可數(shù)名詞，little ， a little 用來(lái)代替和修飾不可數(shù)名詞;a few和 a little 著重肯定意思，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)“有幾個(gè)”， “有一點(diǎn)兒” ；few 和 little 著重否定意思，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)“沒(méi)有幾個(gè)” ， “沒(méi)有多少”ok，代詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完，its a piece of cake? 接下來(lái)到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，are you ready? 練習(xí)：1. we had plenty of paper but_ink. a

20、. a few b. few c. not many d. not much 2. learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have have never learned _before. a. one b. it c. them d. that 3. were very busy because weve so _books to read and so _homework to do every day. a. much . many b. many . much c. many . a lot d

21、. a lot . much 4. i thought _of the matter but still couldnt find out the reason. a. every b. both c. nothing d. everything 5. my car is not so expensive as _. a. him b. hes c. he d. his 6. lily and lucy have arrived ，but _students arent here yet. a. other b. others c. the other d. the others 7. the

22、re are high buildings on _side of the street. a. both b. every c. any d.either 8. what do you usually have for breakfast? _eggs and _milk. a little . a few b. a little . a little c. a few . a little d. a few . a few 9. _ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. a. something b. anythi

23、ng c. nothing d. everything 10. is this story the same as _in that book? a. the one b. what c. that d. it 實(shí)戰(zhàn)：1. there is _old woman in the car. a. 不填b. the c. a d. an 2. we often go to the park _sundays. a. on b. in c. at d. from 3. my book _on the desk. a. is b. am c. are d. be 4. which language is

24、 _, english, french or chinese? a. difficult b. the difficult c. more difficult d. the most difficult 5. _book is this? its kates. a. when b. why c. where d. whose 6.can you write a letter in english? no, i _. a. may not b. mustnt c. cant d. neednt 7. i _my homework when mike came last night. a. do

25、b. was doing c. am doing d. have done 8. he began to _english three years ago. a. learn b. learns c. learned d. learning 9. jim is a driver, _he? a. does b. doesnt c. is d. isnt 10. whats wrong _you? the doctor asked. a. from b. with c. for d. at 11. he is rich, _he isnt happy. a. or b. so c. and d.

26、 but 12.where is alice? she _to the library. a. goes b. will go c. has gone d. had gone 13. help _to some fish, mary. my aunt said to me. a. themselves b. ourselves c. yourself d. himself 14. well stay at home if it _tomorrow. a. rain b. rains c. is raining d. will rain 15. the students _on a farm f

27、or ten days. then they_to a factory. though they_back school, they still remember those farmers and workers. a. have stayed, went , was b. had stayed, go , are c. have stayed, go, have been d. have stayed, went, were 【第 3 講：形容詞】spring is coming. the trees are green, and the flowers arebeautiful. 多么美

28、的季節(jié)??！我們要去郊游, 去感受、去描繪我們周?chē)篮玫氖挛?。形容詞會(huì)幫你忙。可是形容詞怎么使用起來(lái)老出錯(cuò)呀？不是放錯(cuò)了位置，搞錯(cuò)了級(jí)別， 就是在使用多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)排錯(cuò)了順序。當(dāng)然了， 形容詞使用時(shí)需要遵循一些規(guī)則的。想知道嗎？接著往下看。a beautiful little new white wooden house 從這個(gè)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的詞中可以看出多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)排列有一定的先后順序。它們往往遵循以下規(guī)律：冠詞或人稱(chēng)代詞所有格+數(shù)詞 +性質(zhì) +大小+形狀 +表示老少、新舊+顏色 +事物質(zhì)地、人的國(guó)籍、用途。其實(shí),你大可不必這樣費(fèi)神記,只要記住我給你的句子就可以了。there is somet

29、hing wrong with my bike。這句話(huà)可能讓你撓撓頭皮，為什么wrong 放在something 的后面呢？原來(lái)雖然大部分形容詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置是放在名詞之前的，但當(dāng)形容詞所修飾的詞為something，anything，nothing，everything 等以 -thing 為字尾的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，形容詞要后置。形容詞級(jí)別問(wèn)題：a. our classroom is twice larger than theirs 。 （我們的教室是他們的兩倍。）這種表示倍數(shù)的句子用times +形容詞比較級(jí)+than 這樣的格式。你記住了嗎？b. im three years older than

30、 you. （我比你大三歲。 ）表示 大三歲， 高二厘米 等時(shí)用 表示數(shù)量詞的詞 +比較級(jí) 。c.越來(lái)越 用比較級(jí) +and +比較級(jí) 來(lái)表示。如：the earth is getting warmer and warmer。 （地球變得越來(lái)越暖和。）d.越就越用the +比較級(jí)， the+比較級(jí) 來(lái)表示。如：the busier he is，the happier he feels。(他越忙，越覺(jué)得高興。) 最高級(jí)用法的用法就很簡(jiǎn)單了，提醒你一點(diǎn)，最高級(jí)要用于三者以上。還有幾點(diǎn)是不得不提的：alone 和 lonely：i feel lonely, because i am alone at

31、 home. 你獨(dú)自一人在家用alone 表示 單獨(dú)的 、 獨(dú)自一人的 ，它表示一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，在句中只能做表語(yǔ)。你在家感到寂寞，用lonely ，表示主觀上感到孤獨(dú) 寂寞 ，指一種悲傷憂(yōu)郁的情緒，可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。older 和 elder: jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.杰克比我大要用older ，表示 年紀(jì)大的，年老的，常用做表語(yǔ)；他是我的長(zhǎng)兄用elder ，表示 年老的，年長(zhǎng)的，用做定語(yǔ)，只用于比較兩個(gè)人的長(zhǎng)幼，只能作表語(yǔ)。接下來(lái)又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？練習(xí)：1. tony is going camping w

32、ith _ boys. a. little two other b. two little other c. two other little d. little other two 2. which is the _country, japan or australia? a. more developed b. more developing c. most developed d. most developing 3. how was your recent visit to qingdao? it was great.we visited some friends ，and spent

33、 the _days at the seaside. a. few last sunny b. last few sunny c. last sunny few d. few sunny last 4. the books are not _ to be published. a. enough intersting b. interesting enough c. so interesting d. too interesting 5.whats your _sports? a. the most favorite b. most favorite c. favorite d. the fa

34、vorite 6.theres _ with the recorder a. anything wrong b. wrong anything c. something wrong d.wrong something 7. his sister is _than he . a. younger five years b. five years younger c. five year younge d. five younger years 8.we should speak english in and after class. yes, _, _. a. more , better b.

35、the more, the bette c. much, better d. the often, the better 9. the old man lives alone, he feels _. a. alone b. lonely c. lone d. alonely 10. i think bananas are _of all the fruits. a. delicious b. much delicious c. more delicious d. the most delicious 實(shí)戰(zhàn)：1. whats this in english? its _apple. a. a

36、b. an c. the d. 不填2. i was born _february 18, 1981. a. on b. in c. at d. of 3. there isnt _water in the glass. a. some b. lots c. many d. any 4. _do you watch tv? twice a week. a. how long b. how far c. how often d. how many 5. i have two pencils, one is long, _is short. a. another b. other c. the o

37、ther d. others 6. they are poor, _they are always happy. a. and b. but c. or d. so 7. _beautiful the flowers are! a. how b. what c. how a d. what a 8. do you _english? only a little. a. tell b. speak c. say d. talk 9. there are about _students in our grade. a. two hundreds and twenty-five b. two hun

38、dreds and twenty five c. two hundred and twenty-five d. two hundred twenty-five 10. his name is robert thomas brown. the students call him _. a. mr robert b. mr thomas c. mr thomas brown d. mr brown 11. your books are here, where are _? a. my b. mine c. i d. me 12. she will write to me sa soom as sh

39、e _in paris. a. will arrive b. arrive c. arriving d arrives 13. its a fine day, _? yes, lets go out for a walk. a. is it b. it is c. isnt it d. it isnt 14. could you tell us_? a. when will the meeting start b. when the meeting will start c. the meeting will start when d. then meeting when will start

40、 15. my bike is broken, can you mend it? sorry, _. a. i cant b. i wont c. i can d. i dont 【第 4 講：副詞】學(xué)完了形容詞，副詞講解起來(lái)會(huì)更容易一些。一般認(rèn)為形容詞+ly 就變成了副詞，如形容詞quick 加上 -ly 變成副詞quickly 。但是象 friendly , lovely 雖然以ly 結(jié)尾， 但實(shí)則是形容詞，she is friendly to me ( 她對(duì)我很友好。)可千萬(wàn)不要誤認(rèn)為是副詞喲！副詞可修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，這些用法相信大家已經(jīng)掌握。那我們挑選一下易混、易用錯(cuò)的來(lái)詳細(xì)講解

41、一下。already 和 yet ：where is tom? he hasnt come yet. but jack is already here . 這句話(huà)中又是already，又有yet，是怎么回事嗎？原來(lái)already 和 yet 意思雖然相同，但用法有點(diǎn)小區(qū)別。表示事情早已發(fā)生或提前發(fā)生用already，一般放于句中，用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句。含有already 的肯定句，變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，要將already 變?yōu)?yet，且放在句尾。yet 表示預(yù)料要發(fā)生的事未發(fā)生，位于句尾，一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。還迷糊嗎？再迷糊，只好再看一看上面的例句嘍。hard 和 hardly：hard，har

42、dly 兩者雖然只有-ly 之差，意義卻大不相同。hard 表示 辛苦，使勁，努力，如： heworks very hard.( 他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。) 而 hardly 為否定副詞， 表示 幾乎不 。如：the box is so heavy that he could hardly carry it . （這箱子是那么沉，他幾乎搬不動(dòng)。）ago 和 before：ago 不能單獨(dú)使用，應(yīng)與three days (months , weeks)等連用 , 而且和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)連用。如： i met my neighbour an hour ago. before 之前有 一段時(shí)間 時(shí)，指 距這段時(shí)

43、間以前，和過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用。如：he said he had finished the work two days before. （他說(shuō)他兩天前已完成了工作。） 如果 before 單獨(dú)使用， 是泛指 以前 ，常常和完成時(shí)連用。如：i have seen the film before.（我以前沒(méi)看過(guò)這部電影。）farther 和 further: far 有兩種比較級(jí)， farther，further. 在英語(yǔ)中兩者都可指距離。如： he runs farther than she does. （他比她跑得遠(yuǎn)。 ）在美語(yǔ)中， farther 表示距離， further 表示進(jìn)一步。如：i h

44、ave nothing further to say.（我沒(méi)什么要說(shuō)的了。 ）至于副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)問(wèn)題，參照形容詞的就ok 了。試試趁熱打鐵如何？練習(xí)：1. the teacher was very angry and decided to send _school, so he wasnt a student any longer. a. away him from b. him away from the c. away him out of d. him away from 2. _, he didnt fail in the english exam. a. luck b. luc

45、ky c. luckily d. luckly 3.are you feeling _? yes，im fine now. a. any well b.any better c.quite good d.quite better 4. the more we looked at the picture, _. a. the less we liked it b. we like it less c. better we like it d. it looked better 5. after the new machine was introduced，the factory produced

46、 _ shoes in 1988 as the year before. a. as twice many b. as many twice c. twice as many d. twice many as 6. our english needs to be_improved. a. farther b. farthest c. further d. far 7. what a pity! lucy ran _ more slowly than lily. a. a few b. much c. a little d. little 8. he is running _now. a. mo

47、re slowly and more slowly b. slowlier and slowlier c. more and more slowly d. slowly and slowly 9. last night my father went back _later than before. a. quite b. very c. even d. much more 10.the sick man was too thin to go any _. a. far b. farther c. further d. farthest 實(shí)戰(zhàn)：1. the answer is nice and

48、soft. shall i _the shopkeeper if i can try it on? a. ask b. answer c. speak d. tell 2. tickets, please. may i _your ticket please, madam? a. show b. watch c. find d.see 3. its not good to _when you are waiting for a bus. a. stand in line b. get on well c. jump the queue d. wait for your turn 4. its

49、hard to count the monkeys, theyre running and jumping_. a. at times b. all the time c. more or less d. right away 5. im sorry, weve _the shoes in your size. a. paid for b. put on c. sold out d. put away 6. weihuas pen was_, so she needed a new one. a. broken b. long c. cheap d. here 7. you can often

50、 buy things from their shop _home. a. of the way b. by the way c. another way of d. on your way 8. the teacher in the school library is very_. you must return your library book on time! a. kind b. lonely c. strict d. polite 9. thanks to man-make satellite, the world itself is becoming a much smaller

51、_. a. space b. place c. room d. universe 10. i like the sweater, but it _too much. a. uses b. takes c. costs d. spends 11. father christmas lands on top of _house and climbs down the chimney into the fire-place. a. each b. all c. either d. both 12. the ice is very thin. its _dangerous _walk on it. a

52、. so, that b. as, as c. from, to d. too, to 13. one day his mother was ill. she _a doctor. a. sent for b. sent away c. sent up d. fell behind 14. he _the radio and listened to the music. a. opened b. turned on c. turned off d. closed 15. the doctor _mrs brown very carefully and then said: theres not

53、hing much wrong with you. a. watched b. operated c. looked over d. looked after 【第 5 講：動(dòng)詞】我們步步深入,開(kāi)始接觸到整個(gè)句子的heart-動(dòng)詞了。掌握了動(dòng)詞，你學(xué)起英語(yǔ)來(lái)就會(huì)感到駕輕就熟了。告訴你，一定要記牢動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞，如果在這些小地方丟分，那才討厭呢。比如：catch 的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞(caught，caught) 你可能就不知道吧 ?痛下決心，好好記一記吧。下面呢，我們就各個(gè)擊破。先講系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞：大概是最簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)詞了。你只需注意的是系動(dòng)詞除了be 的形式之外，還有become

54、，get， grow，turn，sound，look，smell，taste等，它們不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),必須和作表語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)( 如形容詞, 名詞等 ) 連用 , 所以用的時(shí)候，可要小心為是呀！如：it smells delicious.( 它聞起來(lái)味道很美)。delicious 是形容詞，不是副詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：首先要記住情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后必跟動(dòng)詞原形。must 和 need幾乎是每年的必考題，這里我們重點(diǎn)講一下。must 的意思是 應(yīng)當(dāng)，必須 ，側(cè)重于說(shuō)話(huà)者的主觀看法，沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)變化， 其否定式是mustnt，在must i(we) . 的疑問(wèn)句中，須注意的是其否定回答常用neednt。如： must i go

55、?( 我一定要走嗎 ?)no,you neednt.(不，不必。 ) need意為 需要 。既可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，又可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，因此在用法上需要注意。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)， need后跟名詞，動(dòng)名詞，或不定式。如：i need to go. (我得走了。 ) 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。 如：you neednt come tomorrow if you are busy. ( 如果你忙， 明天就不必來(lái)了。 ) 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞：實(shí)意動(dòng)詞可謂家族興旺，人員眾多。我們跑(run)，我們跳 (jump) ，我們笑(laugh)，這些都得用實(shí)意動(dòng)詞來(lái)表達(dá)。我們一起來(lái)看一看一些特殊的詞吧。它們?cè)诮觿?dòng)名詞和不定式時(shí)意義有所

56、不同。stop：這個(gè)詞讓好多同學(xué)大傷了一番腦筋，到底什么時(shí)候加to do，什么時(shí)候加doing 呢?兩者意義又有什么不同呢?ok, come with me. 看下面兩個(gè)句子。when the teacher came in, they stopped to read. when the teacher came in, they stopped talking. 第一句的意思是當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他們停下來(lái)開(kāi)始讀書(shū)。而第二句的意思是老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他們停止了說(shuō)話(huà)。所以 stop to do sth 表示 停止正在做的事情去干另一件事。而 stop doing 表示 中斷正在做的某事?，F(xiàn)在明白了嗎? f

57、orget，remember，regret 這三個(gè)詞用法基本相同，只要記住 +doing 表示 事情已經(jīng)做過(guò)，+to do 表示 事情還未做 就可以了。 forget to do 忘記要去做某事。 (未做 )forget doing 忘記做過(guò)某事。 (已做 ) 如：the light is still on. he forgot to turn it off. 燈還在亮著， 他忘記關(guān)了。( 沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)he forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。( 已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作 ) 感官動(dòng)詞： see,watch, notice,look at,hear,

58、listen to,smell,taste,feel 等 +do 表示動(dòng)作的完整性，真實(shí)性+doing 表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性，進(jìn)行性。如：i saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見(jiàn)他在花園里干活了。(強(qiáng)調(diào) 我看見(jiàn)了 這個(gè)事實(shí) ) i saw him working in the garden yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào) 我見(jiàn)他正干活這個(gè)動(dòng)作）昨天我見(jiàn)他正在花園里干活。又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，好學(xué)的你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎? 練習(xí)：1. wang lin _some help. can you help him? a. needs b. want c. nee

59、d to d. ask 2. all of us enjoy _football very much. a. play b. playing c. played d. to play 3. - the light in the classroom is still on. - oh，i forgot_. a. turning it off b. turn it off c. to turn it off d. having turned it off 4. i regret _ the window. a. to do b. to be doing c. to have done d. hav

60、ing broken 5. his grandparents saw her _ up from childhood. a. grow b. grew c. was growing d. to grow 6. -whats this in english? -sorry, i cant _it in english. a. tell b. say c. speak d. talk 7. - _i finish my homwork today? -no, you neednt. a. can b. may c. must d. need 8. in spring , the days _lon