英語(yǔ)句子成分分析分析解析PPT精選文檔

1、12021-11-27基本句型基本句型n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)（主系表）表語(yǔ)（主系表）n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞+（其他成分）（其他成分）n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)（主謂賓）賓語(yǔ)（主謂賓）n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)22021-11-27句子成分n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)n謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)n賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)n表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)n賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)n定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)n狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)32021-11-27I told my best friend Tom to pick me up at the airport.主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)謂謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)定定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)同

2、同位位語(yǔ)語(yǔ)狀狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)補(bǔ)足足語(yǔ)語(yǔ)42021-11-27句子成分英文名說(shuō)明常用詞類例句主語(yǔ)subject句子所要說(shuō)明的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的主體（人或事物）名詞、代詞,動(dòng)名詞,不定式,從句等I am a student.謂語(yǔ)predicate表示主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞You read the book.表語(yǔ)predicative放在連系動(dòng)詞后表示主語(yǔ)的身份或特征。名詞、代詞、形容詞,動(dòng)名詞,分詞,不定式,介詞短語(yǔ),從句等She is a teacher.52021-11-27賓語(yǔ)object表示及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象名詞、代詞,動(dòng)名詞,不定式,從句等Mike did the job.定語(yǔ)attribute

3、限定或修飾名詞、代詞等形容詞,動(dòng)名詞,分詞不定式,介詞短語(yǔ),從句等The black dog barks.狀語(yǔ)adverbial修飾動(dòng)詞形容詞副詞之用，表示時(shí)間地點(diǎn)狀態(tài)程度等含義副詞,形容詞,分詞,不定式,介詞短語(yǔ),從句等Run quickly.62021-11-27句子成分英文名說(shuō)明常用詞類例句賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)complement對(duì)賓語(yǔ)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，與賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。名詞、形容詞,分詞,不定式介詞短語(yǔ)等I find the book very boring.同位語(yǔ)appositive對(duì)前面的名詞或代詞做進(jìn)一步解釋。名詞、數(shù)詞、代詞或從句This is Mr. Li, our headmast

4、er.The news that he is ill worries us.獨(dú)立成分Independent elements與全句沒(méi)有什么語(yǔ)法關(guān)系，有感嘆詞、肯定與否定的答語(yǔ)、插入語(yǔ)、呼語(yǔ)等感嘆詞副詞短語(yǔ)Oh, hello, I think, to tell you the truth, Mr. Li, Your Majesty, Mum. Yes, no72021-11-27主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)nJane is good at playing the piano.nShe went out in a hurry.nFour plus four is eight.nTo see is to believe

5、.nSmoking is bad for health.nThe young should respect the old.nWhat he has said is true.82021-11-27謂語(yǔ)n簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ):由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans.n復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)復(fù)合謂語(yǔ) 由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞; He can speak English well She hasnt received the e-mail yet. 92021

6、-11-27表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)n在系動(dòng)詞后的部分就是表語(yǔ)在系動(dòng)詞后的部分就是表語(yǔ)n常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有: be (am,is,are,were,was), appear, seem, feel, smell, taste, sound, look, get, grow, keep, turn, become, come, go ,remain，etc.The apple tastes sweet.102021-11-271. The war was over.2. They seem to know the truth.3. Time is precious.4. Im not quite my

7、self today.5. Who was the first?6. He is out of condition.7. The book is what I need.112021-11-27賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)n賓語(yǔ)分為直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)分為直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ).直接賓語(yǔ)指直接賓語(yǔ)指物物,間接賓語(yǔ)指人間接賓語(yǔ)指人.nHe gave me some books.間接間接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)直接直接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)122021-11-27 Please pass me the book. He bought me some flowers. I like my job. I love you. He wanted to l

8、eave here. They enjoyed playing computer games. I didnt know when to switch the machine off. She wondered why Jim was so angry with her.132021-11-27賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)nWe must keep it a secret.nI found the book interesting.nPlease keep the dog out.nPlease make yourself at home.nShe asked me to lend her a han

9、d.nDo you smell something burning?nShe had an arm broken in the accident.nHe made himself known to them.142021-11-27主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變成主補(bǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變成主補(bǔ). I last saw him playing near the river.He was seen playing near the river.The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam.The student was

10、caught cheating in the exam. We elected him monitor.He was elected monitor.He pushed the door open.The door was pushed open.152021-11-27定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)nHe is a clever boy.nHis father works in a steel work.nThere are 54students in our class.nDo you known Bettys sister?nHe bought some sleeping pills.nThere is a

11、sleeping baby in bed.nHis spoken language is good.nI met a friend on my way home.(形容詞形容詞)(名詞名詞)(數(shù)詞數(shù)詞)(名詞的所有格名詞的所有格)(動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞)(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)(過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞)(副詞副詞)162021-11-27The girl in red is his sister. （介詞短語(yǔ)）（介詞短語(yǔ)）We have a lot of work to do. （不定式短語(yǔ)）（不定式短語(yǔ)）The girl standing under the tree is his sister. （現(xiàn)在分詞

12、短語(yǔ)）（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)）The bridge built only one year ago is broken.Do you know the man who spoke just now? (從句從句)172021-11-27狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)n用于修飾形容詞用于修飾形容詞,副詞副詞,動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞,介詞短語(yǔ)或介詞短語(yǔ)或句子句子.可表示時(shí)間可表示時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn),原因原因,結(jié)果結(jié)果,目的目的,方方式式,伴隨伴隨,條件條件,程度程度,讓步讓步,頻率等頻率等.nI will be back in a while.nThey are playing on the playground.nHe was late be

13、cause he got up late.nHe got up so late that I missed the train.182021-11-27nI waited to see you.nHe often went to school by bus.nHis parents died,leaving him an orphan.nPlease call me if it is necessary.nThis book is very interesting.nHe went to school in spite of his illness.nHe always comes late

14、to school.192021-11-27基本句型基本句型n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)（主系表）表語(yǔ)（主系表）n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞+其他成分其他成分 (主謂主謂)n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)（主謂賓）賓語(yǔ)（主謂賓）n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)（主謂雙賓）直接賓語(yǔ)（主謂雙賓）n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)202021-11-27簡(jiǎn)單句的五種形式nS + PnI am astonished. nS + VnAlbert Einsteins name never dies. The book sells well.nS + V +

15、OnRaga likes sports, gardening and playing the drums.nS + V + o + OnCan you tell me the way to the station?nS + V + O + CnWe call him a walking dictionary.212021-11-27nHe went.nHe went there.nHe went there yesterday.nHe went there to see his mother yesterday.nHe went there to see his mother ill in h

16、ospital by bike yesterday.222021-11-27Exercises:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)nYou are a student.nHe felt happy today.nWhat you said made me happy.nCould you give me some advice on how to learn English well?nAfter he finished his homework, he went away.nHe likes pop music.232021-11-27nI stayed awake until 11:30 one e

17、vening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.nAnne named her diary kitty because she thought it was her best friend.242021-11-271.Time flies fast.2.There will be a good meal for us at our aunts.3.The rive rose ten feet in the night.4.I heard him shout.5.He bought some sweets fo

18、r his son.6.I prefer my coffee hot.7.Dont worry about me; just take care of yourself.8.You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary.9.A lot of noise is going on outside.10.The little girl can dress herself now.11.It was a pity that you didnt watch that wonderful match.12.I felt my heart beat

19、 rapidly.13.Do you want to come to the party?14.We should do something to help the students in difficulties.15.How long have you worked in the hospital?252021-11-27三、自我測(cè)試三、自我測(cè)試1 1、選擇題。、選擇題。1. She tried hard, but she still couldnt make us _ our mind. A. to changeB. changedC. changeD. changing2. When

20、the old lady is alone in the house, her dog makes her feel _ and relaxed. A. healthyB. lonelyC. safeD. angry262021-11-273. As Edison grew _, he never lost his interest in science. A. the elder B. elder C. the older D. older4. Its not polite to stand by and looked at the old man _. A. is made fun of

21、B. being made fun ofC. is made fun D. being made fun5. The old movie reminded them _ the wonderful time they had spent together. A. to B. for C. in D. of6. Id like to _ your essay with you when you have time. A. go over B. go by C. go for D. go after272021-11-277. The report showed us very clearly h

22、ow the plane got _ and crashed in the end.A. into control B. within controlC. out of control D. under control8. Most of the machines in the workshop _ next month. A. are repaired B. have been repairedC. were repaired D. will be repaired9. When applying for a job, you have to _ a resume. A. get off B

23、. hand inC. put out D. take away10.The wine _ a little bitter this time. A. tastes B. sounds C. looks D. feels282021-11-2711. The boss told his secretary to _ the documents for later use. A. put away B. turn on C. make up D. break out12. We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearanc

24、e. A. bear B. put C. place D. print13. If I work in a small factory; it is not _ for me to gain much experience. A. weekly B. friendly C. likely D. lively 14. The villagers have offered much help to us and we think we should do something for them _. A. in return B. in place C. in fashion D. in dange

25、r292021-11-2715. According to the time table，the train for Beijing _at 9:10 p.m. from Monday to Friday. A. was leaving B. is leaving C. leaves D. has left16. _ is quite difficult for Mary to pass the interview. A. What B. This C. That D. It 17. Mr. Black is looking forward to _ his Chinese partner s

26、oon. A. seeing B. see C. be seeing D. have seen18. I tried hard, but I couldnt find the _ to the problem. A. solution B. help C. reply D. demand302021-11-2719. English, they have to study a second foreign language. A. Except B. Except for C. Beside D. Besides20. She gave up her _ as a reporter at th

27、e age of 25. A. career B. interest C. life D. habit21. This morning when I was walking to my office, I _ to see an old friend of mine near the office building. A. occurred B. happened C. managed D. settled22. _ writing a letter to the manager, he decided to talk to him in person. A. Due to B. Becaus

28、e of C. As for D. Instead of 312021-11-2723. It will only take me a minute to get your watch fixed; it will be ready _. A. by the way B. right away C. at last D. in that case24. As far as Im concerned, I dont like _ in that way. A. to be treated B. to treat C. treated D. treating25. Some people who

29、are very intelligent and successful in their fields find _difficult to succeed in language learning. A. them B. themselves C. it D. itself 322021-11-2726. Only when we hurried to the airport _the flight was cancelled. A. we found B. did we find C. have we found D. we have found27. This novel is wort

30、h reading, because it gives a detailed description of the historical _ in 1949. A. accidents B. cases C. events D. things28. _, a friend of Mrs. Black found the watch she had lost two days before. A. Especially B. Usually C. Generally D. Fortunately29. The newspaper _ two people were killed in the a

31、ccident. A. says B. talks C. calls D. asks332021-11-2730. He said, “I _ a lot of new words by the end of last year.” A. had already learnt B. would have already learntC. have already learnt D. already learnt31. She told us briefly about how they succeeded in _ the new product. A. develop B. to devel

32、op C. developed D. developing32. The father was delighted to hear the child _ that. A. to say B. to have said C. say D. said 33. Its reported that the police are _ the area for the criminal.A. processing B. searching C. operating D. handling 342021-11-27n34. The general manager sat there, _ to the r

33、eport from each department. A. to listen B. listen C. being listened D. listening n35. The manager showed the new employee _ to find the supplies. A. what B. where C. that D. whichn36. No one has been able to prove that fish is better for the brain than many other kinds of food. A. some B. so C. as

34、D. any352021-11-2737. Mary found _ extremely difficult to pass the examination. A. it B. this C. that D. What38. More and more Chinese people are _ wildlife conservation and environmental protection. A. certain of B. concerned about C. capable of D. crazy about39. We now know that about _ all the ki

35、nds of seaweed are animals. A. one fourth B. one fourth of C. one four of D. the one fourth40. Scientists could see many things that most people would _ to see. A. feel B. fail C. fall D. fill41. The nurse took _ of my blood to test. A. an example B. an instance C. a case D. a sample42. Large and po

36、werful, the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles . A. high B. higher C. highlyD. height43. The sales department was required to _ a plan in three weeks. A. turn up B. get up C. come up with D. put up with 362021-11-272.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. I wondered why the boy often a

37、voided (talk) _ with his classmates.2. Although John was not experienced in business, he did it with (confident) _. 3. There was a stranger (stand) _ at the door.4. The main benefit of (work) _ with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad.5. It is well-known that sports will (strength) _ the

38、 friendship between nations.6. It was (luck) _indeed for Mr. Fox to have changed his flight and arrived (safe)_.7. Mark was a little upset, for the manager didnt allow him (take) _ _ his holiday the following week.talkingconfidencestandingworkingstrengthenluckysafely to take 372021-11-272.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式

39、填空：用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：8. I dont mind (have) _ a dog in the house so long as its clean and it doesnt smell.9. He wanted the letter(mail) _at once.10. It is difficult for a (foreign) _ to learn Chinese.11. On hearing the good news that our new products sold well in the market, we all got _.12. It will be ve

40、ry (help) _ if each member presents his or her own opinion at the meeting.13. Johns performance in this exam made us feel rather (disappoint) _.14. If your credit is good, you will be allowed (use) _ the credit card.15. Give the application to the man (sit) _at the desk, please.havingto be mailedfor

41、eignerexcitedhelpfuldisappointedto usesitting382021-11-2716. John went to town yesterday and had his computer (repair) _ there.17. In 1964, the Olympic Games in Tokyo became the first program _ (transmit) _ via satellite.18. Your hair needs _ (cut). It is too long.19. I have no choice but _ (wait).2

42、0. Did you have any difficulty (get) _ a visa to Britain?21. I asked him not (say) _ anything about our contract until the end of the month.22. That new film is worth (see) _ for the second time.23. She is well-known for her excellent (achieve) _ in her career.repairedtransmittedcutting/ to be cutto

43、 wait(in)gettingto sayseeingachievements392021-11-2724. Some people do believe that smoking will (certain) _ cause lung cancer. 25. It is never too late for anyone (learn) _. 26. As far as I know, Lily can speak English _ (fluently) than any other student in her class.27. His wife was sure he would

44、arrive on time. This (certain) _ made her rush to prepare the dinner.28. Yesterday they received a written (invite) _ to a dinner from Mr. Black.29. The more careful you are, the (well) _ you will be able to complete the work.30. I wondered why the boy often avoided (talk) _with his classmates.certa

45、inlyto learnmore fluentlycertaintyinvitationbettertalking402021-11-2731. Im going to take the bus _ (save) money.32. We have to find new ways to (short) _the process of production.33. The new flexible working time system will enable the (employ) _ to work more efficiently.34. The photos of Mars taken by satellites are (clear) _ than those taken from earth.35. Going abroad to have a holiday will be an (excite) _experience for us.36. It is quite di