重慶大學(xué)研究生英語(yǔ)2012012試題

1、校訓(xùn)：耐勞苦、尚簡(jiǎn)樸、勤學(xué)業(yè)、愛(ài)國(guó)家重慶大學(xué)研究生試卷(2011版)第1頁(yè)共5頁(yè)P(yáng)art III. Translation from Chinese to English ( 20 points )命題組題>人：游振聲 陳撲重慶大學(xué)碩士研究生英語(yǔ)課程試卷2011 2012學(xué)年 第一 學(xué)期(春、秋)開(kāi)課學(xué)院： 課程編號(hào) ： 考試日期： 題號(hào)-一一二二二-三四考試成績(jī)計(jì)分70%口試20%平時(shí)10%課程成績(jī)得分密考試方式：廠開(kāi)卷宵閉卷廣英他考試時(shí)間：120分鐘碩士生B類答題紙英語(yǔ)班次：Answer Sheet術(shù)學(xué)(別類Part IV. Writing ( 20 points)(請(qǐng)寫(xiě)在背面, P

2、lease write your composition on the reverse side.)1.()2.()3.()4.()5.()6.()7.()8.()9.()10.()11.()12.()13.()14.()15.()16.()17.()18.()19.()20.()封Part I. Reading Comprehension ( 40 points, 2 point each )Part II. Translation from English to Chinese ( 20 points)審題人：沈毅 命題時(shí)間：) 域 領(lǐng)(業(yè)專2011.12研究生院制校訓(xùn)：耐勞苦、尚簡(jiǎn)樸、勤

3、學(xué)業(yè)、愛(ài)國(guó)家重慶大學(xué)研究生試卷（2011版）第6頁(yè)共5頁(yè)重慶大學(xué)碩士研究生英語(yǔ)課程試卷2011 2012學(xué)年 第 一 學(xué)期碩士生B類Part I: Reading Comprehension 40%Directions Read the followi ng passages carefully and the n select the best an swer from the four choices give n to an swer the questio ns or to complete the stateme nts that follow each passage. Write

4、 your an swer on your An swer Sheet.Passage OneIf you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that compa nies like graduates in such fields as bus in ess and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the -ob train

5、ing.That especially true of boo ming fields that are challe nging for workers. At Corn ell School of Hotel Adm ini strati on, for example, bachelor s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high tee ns to the low 20s and ple nty of chances for rapid

6、advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal educati on couples with work experie nee.But in the long run, too much specializatio n does n t 'pay off. Busin ess, which has bee n flooded with MBAs, no Ion ger con siders the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA m

7、ay ope n doors and comma nd a higher salary in itially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.As further evidenee of the erosion （銷蝕）of corporate （公司的）faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State s Schertz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices. Although companies tend to tak

8、e on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle-a nd upper-level man ageme nt. -They want some one who isn t 'con stra ined （限制）by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture, II says Schertz.This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal

9、-arts graduate. Them and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems. David Birch claims

10、 he does not hire anybody with an MBA or and engineering degree. hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-tha n-canned way of doing thing, II says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, scienee, h

11、uman behavior-plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize. liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good comb in ati on in the marketplace, 11 says Schertz.1. What kinds of people are in high dema nd on the job m

12、arket?A. Students with a bachelor s degree in humanities.B. People with an MBA degree from top universities.C. People with formal schooli ng plus work experie nee.D. People with special training in engin eeri ng.2. By sayingbut the impact of a degree washes out after five years ll（Line 3, Para. 3）,

13、theauthor means.A. most MBA programs fail to provide stude nts with a solid foun dati onB. an MBA degree does not help promoti on to man agerial positi onsC. MBA programs will not be as popular in five years time as they are nowD. in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have go

14、t3. According to Schertz statement （Lines 34, Para. 4）, companies prefer.A. people who have a strategic mindB. people who are tale nted in fine artsC. people who are ambitious and aggressiveD. people who have received training in mecha nies4. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people

15、 because .A. they are more capable of han dli ng cha nging situati onsB. they and stick to established ways of solvi ng problemsC. they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fieldsD. they have atte nded special programs in man ageme nt5. Which of the follow ing stateme nts does the auth

16、or support?A. Specialists are more expe nsive to hire tha n gen eralists.B. Formal schooli ng is less importa nt tha n job training.C. On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.D. Gen eralists will outdo specialists in man ageme nt.Passage TwoWith fifteen years Britain and other nations s

17、hould be well on with the building of huge in dustrial complexes for the recycli ng of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everyth ing which goes into the dumps would be made into someth ing useful. Even the most dan gerous and un pleasa nt wastes would provide en ergy if nothing

18、else.The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant woul

19、d recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.Ano ther new project is being setup to discover the best ways of sorting and separat ing the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this : First, it will pass through sharp

20、metal bars which will tear ope n the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed ；hen it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids ； after that founders and rollers will break up everything that can be broken. Fin ally, the rubbish will pass un der

21、magn ets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel ； the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.The first full-scale gia nt recycli ng pla nts are perhaps fiftee n years away.In deed, withthe growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will

22、be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.6. The phrase should be well on with.Para. 1) mdbt probably means.A. have completed what was startedB. get ready to startC. have achieved a great deal inD. put an end to7. What is NOT mentioned as a part of the recycling process described in

23、paragraph 3 ?A. Break ing up whatever is breakable.B. Sharpe ning metal bars.C. Separati ng light eleme nts from the heavy on es.D. Sorting out small pieces of metal.8. What s the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plantsA. To deal with wastes in a better way.B. To protect the e

24、nvironment from polluti on.C. To get raw materials locally.D. To get big profits from those pla nts.9. The first full-scale huge recycli ng pla nts.A. bega n to operate fiftee n years agoB. will probably take less than fifteen years to buildC. will be built fiftee n years laterD. will probably be in

25、 operation in fifteen years10. The passage is mainly about.A. a cheap way to get en ergyB. the location of recycling plantsC. new ways of recycli ng wastesD. the probability of city en viro nmentPassage ThreeIn some coun tries where racial prejudice is acute, viole nee has so come to be take n for g

26、ranted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are coun tries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in ot

27、her respects appear to be reas on able men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence -as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all.

28、We may wear collars and ties in stead of war-pa int, but our in sti nets rema in basically un cha nged. The whole of the recorded history of the huma n race, that tedious docume ntati on of viole nce, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that viole nce n ever solves a problem b

29、ut makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally con template the smok ing ruins and won der what hit us.The truly reas on able men who know where the soluti ons lie are finding it harder and herde

30、r to get a heari ng. They are despised, mistrusted and eve n persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos

31、, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violenee leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals o

32、f a stable social programme. The ben efits that can be derived from con struetive soluti ons are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providi ng we work within the framework of the law.Before we can eve n begi n to con template peaceful co-ex

33、iste nee betwee n the races, we must appreciate each other psoblems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. ?Talk, talk, talk, the advocates of viole nee say, ?all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.the story of the

34、famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After liste ning to a len gthy argume nt the judge compla ined that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. ?Possible, my lord, the barrister replied, ?none the wiser, but surely far better in formed. Kno wledge is the n ecessar

35、y prerequisite to wisdom: the kno wledge that viole neecreates the evils it prete nds to solve.11. What is the best title for this passage?A. Advocat ing Viole nee.B. Violenee Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.C. Importa nt People on Both Sides See Viole nee As a Legitimate Soluti on.D. The

36、In sti nets of Huma n Race Are Thirsty for Viole nee.12. Recorded history has taught us.A. viole nee n ever solves anything.B. nothing.C. the bloodshed means nothing.D. everyth ing.13. It can be in ferred that truly reason able men.A. can t get a hearing.B. are looked dow n upon.C. are persecuted.D.

37、 have difficulty in advocati ng lawen forceme nt.14. He was none the wiser II meansA. he was not at all wise in liste ning.B. He was not at all wiser tha n no thi ng before.C. He gains nothing after liste ning.D. He makes no sense of the argume nt.15. Accord ing the author the best way to solve race

38、 prejudice isA. law enforcement.B. kno wledge.C. non viole nee.D. Mopp ing up the viole nt mess.Passage FourFor a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us - or what, at least, shapes us most. And over the years, they've had a lot of exclamati on mome nts. First it was o

39、ur 0aren ts； pardtbeliaHlkeour mothers. Then it was our gen es. Next it was our peers, who show up last but hold great sway. And all those ideas were good ones - but only as far as they went.Somewhere, there was a sort of temperame ntal dark matter exert ing an in visible gravitational pull of its o

40、wn. More and more, scientists are concluding that this unexplained force is our sibli ngs.From the time we are born, our brothers and sisters are our collaborators and co-c on spirators, our role models and cauti onary tales. They are our scolds, protectors, goads, torme ntors, playmates, coun selor

41、s, sources of envy, objects of pride. They teach us how to resolve con flicts and how n ot to; how to con duct frien dships and whe n to walk away from them. Sisters teach brothers about the mysteries of girls; brothers teach sisters about the puzzle of boys. Our spouses arrive comparatively late in

42、 our lives; our parents eventually leave us. Our sibli ngs may be the only people we'll ever know who truly qualify as part ners for life. "Sibli ngs," says family sociologist Katheri ne Con ger, "are with us for the whole journ ey."With in the scie ntific com mun ity, sibli

43、ngs have not bee n wholly igno red, but research has been limited mostly to discussions of birth order . Older sibs were said to be strivers ； younger ones rebels; middle kids the lost souls . The stereotypes were broad, if not entirely untrue, and there the discussion mostly ended.But all that'

44、 s changing. At research centers in the U. S. , Canada, Europe and elsewhere, investigators are launching a wealth of new studies into the sibling dynamic,looking at ways brothers and sisters steer one another into or away from-risky behavior how they form a protective buffer（ 減震器）against family uph

45、eaval ; how they educate one another about the opposite sex； how all siblings compete for family recognition and come to terms-or blows-over such impossibly charged issues as parental favoritism .From that research, scie ntists are gaining in trigu ing in sights into the people we become as adults.

46、Does the manager who runs a harmonious office call on the peacemaking skills learned in the family playroom? Does the student struggling with a professor who plays favorites sum mon up the cop ing skills acquired from deali ng with a sister who was Daddy s girl? Do husba nds and wives ben efit from

47、the in ter gen der n egotiati ons they waged whe n their most important partners were their sisters and brothers? All that is under in vestigati on . “ Sibli ngs have just bee n off the radar scree n un til now , ” says Con ger. But today serious work is reveali ng exactly how our brothers and siste

48、rs in flue nee us .16. The beg inning of the passage in dicates thatA. researchers have found out what shapes usB. our peer is the last factor in flue ncing us .C . what researchers found is good and trustworthy .D . what researchers found con tributes in a limited way .17 . In the third paragraph,

49、the author tries to dem on strate that our sibli ngsA . offer us much useful information .B . have great in flue nces on us .C . are the ones who love us completely .D . accompany us throughout our life .18 . In scie ntific com mun ity, previous research on sibli ngsA . mostly focused on the sibling

50、 order .B . studied the characteristics of the kids .C . studied the matter in a broad sen se.D . wasn t'believable and the discussion ended .19 . Which of the followi ng is NOT sibli ng dyn amic?A . A brother cautions his sister against getting into trouble .B . Sisters have quarrels with each other .C . Siblings compete for parental favoritism .D . Older kids in a family try hard to achieve .20 . From the last paragraph, we can conclude thatA . managers learned management skills from the family playroom .B . spous