(word完整版)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

1、八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1 定義：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義 ,表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的情 緒 ,態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞 ,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ) , 只能和其他動(dòng)詞 原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有 can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) . 2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn) : 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化 , 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 后面跟的動(dòng)詞需用原形 , 否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加 not 。 個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式兩種形式 , 過(guò)去式用 來(lái)表達(dá)更加客氣 , 委婉的語(yǔ)氣 , 時(shí)態(tài)性不

2、強(qiáng) , 可用于過(guò)去， 現(xiàn) 在或?qū)?lái)。 3 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法 : can (could) 表示說(shuō)話(huà)人能 ,可以 , 同意 , 準(zhǔn)許 , 以及客觀(guān)條件 許可 could 為 can 的過(guò)去式。 Must 必須,應(yīng)該 ,一定,準(zhǔn)是 , 表示說(shuō)話(huà)人認(rèn)為有必要做某事 , 命令 , 要求別人做某事以及對(duì)事物的推測(cè)。 must 用來(lái)指一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí) , 過(guò)去式可用 have to 的過(guò)去式代替。 must + have + 過(guò)去分詞 ,表示現(xiàn)在對(duì)過(guò)去事物的推測(cè)。 must 和 have to 的區(qū)別 : must 表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀(guān)思想 , have to 表示客觀(guān)需要。 need 是一個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ,

3、 他的用法完 全和其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣 , 但 need 還可當(dāng)作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用 , 這時(shí) need 就象其他動(dòng)詞一樣 , 有第三人稱(chēng) , 單復(fù)數(shù) , 后面加 帶 to 的動(dòng)詞等特性。 neednt + have +過(guò)去分詞 表示過(guò)去 做了沒(méi)必要做的事情。 dare 除用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞外，更多的是當(dāng) 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用，用法同實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一樣，要考慮人稱(chēng)，單復(fù)數(shù),時(shí) 態(tài)等。ought 應(yīng)當(dāng),應(yīng)該 后面跟帶有 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式。 ought + to have done句型。指過(guò)去動(dòng)作，表示一件事情該做而 未做。 ought not to have done 句型。表示一件不該做的事情 卻做了。 will (wo

4、uld)決心,愿望。 would 為 will 的過(guò)去式， will, would 用于疑問(wèn)句表示說(shuō)話(huà)人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢(xún)問(wèn) ，用 would 比 will 更婉轉(zhuǎn)，客氣。 Shall, should 表示命令，警告, 允諾，征求，勸告,建議驚奇。have to,不得不，必須,表示客觀(guān)條 件只能如此，而 must 則表示主觀(guān)思想必須 中考習(xí)題練習(xí) that my mother was ill. A. can B. may C. have to D. think 2. “ Where my umbrella? ”“l(fā)t fine today. You _ take an umbrella wit

5、h you. ” A. can t B. needn t C. mustn t D. shouldn t 3. -1 don nrtind telling you what I know. - You _. I m not asking you for it. 1.1 morry. I go now. My father told me on the phone A. needn t B. mustn t C. may not D. can t 4. We hope that as many people as possible _ join us for the charity show t

6、omorrow. A. need B. can C. must D. should 5. - _your friend play the guitar? -Yes, he can, but he can t play it well. A. Must B. Can C. Should D. Need 6. - Is Mr. Brown driving here? -1 m not sure. He _ come by train. A. may B. shall C. need D. must 7. -May I put my bike here? -No, you _ . You shoul

7、d put it over there. A. couldn t B. needn t C. mustn t D. won t 8. The baby is too young. You_ give her big pieces of food. A. may B. must C. may not D. must not 9. Tony _ go to the opera on Saturday because he s going t have a meeting. A. can t B. might C. mustn t D. should 10. -Tom, don d rive too

8、 fast, you _ hit the others cars. -Ok, I won : Mum. A. must B. need C. may D. have to 11. - Must I do the work now? - No, you _. You may do it later. A. can t B. mustn t C. needn 12. I m sure this book _ Li Lei s, because there is his name o it. A. can t be B. may be C. might be D. must be 13. -List

9、en! Is Professor Bloom giving a speech in class? -No, it _ be him. He has gone to France. A. may not B. mustn t C. needn t D. can t 14. - Who s that boy reading in the garden? Is that David? -It _ be David. I saw him in the classroom just now. A. must B. can t C. may D. shouldn t 15. - Will you answer the telephone? It _ be your mother. -Sorry. I _ . I m busy. A. can; mustn t B