一中八年級英語下冊Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark(第七、八課時)導學案(無答案)

1、1 第七、八課時總課時：現(xiàn)在完成時用法及綜合練習一 . 現(xiàn)在完成時的完成用法 現(xiàn)在完成時的完成用法 指的是動作發(fā)生在過去某一時刻并已結束，但該動作對現(xiàn)在產生了影響，與現(xiàn)在情況具有因果關系。例如：he has turned off the light.他已把燈關了。( 動作結束于過去，但說明的是現(xiàn)在的情況：燈現(xiàn)在不亮了。 ) 現(xiàn)在完成時 完成用法 的特點是動作不延續(xù)，因此，該時態(tài)只能與表示不定的過去時間狀語( 如：already ，yet ，before ，recently等)、頻度時間狀語( 如： never ，ever ，once 等) 、包括現(xiàn)在時刻在內的時間狀語( 如： this mor

2、ning ，this month ，this year.， today 等)連用。例如： have you found your pen yet？你已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？二現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較1. 一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調的是過去的動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強調過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調的是現(xiàn)在的影響。例：i saw this film yesterday.（強調：是昨天看的）i have seen this film. （強調對現(xiàn)在的影響：電影的內容已經知道了）she has returned from paris. 她已從巴黎回來了。（sh

3、e is here.）she returned yesterday. 她是昨天回來了。the plane has arrived . 飛機已經來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機在這兒）the plane arrived a quarter ago. 飛機是一刻中以前來的。（強調：動作發(fā)生的時間在過去）i have lost my pen.(強調：我現(xiàn)在沒有筆) i lost my pen.(過去筆掉了，沒說明現(xiàn)在是否有筆) 2. 現(xiàn)在 完成時不可和表過去的時間狀語連用(before , just等除外 ) ，但一般過去時可與表過去的時間狀語，如yesterday, last week, three

4、days ago, just now等連用。 如：a：hello, kate! have you had supper? b： yes, i have. a：when did you have it? （when是一個不確定的過去時間）練習：用過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時填空：1. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “yes.”“when _ you _ (have) it? ” “i _ (have) it at 12:00. ”2. “_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”“yes, i _. i _ (write) one last

5、week.”3. “_ he _ (finish) his homework?” “not yet.”4. “_ _ they ever _ (be) abroad?” “yes, just once.”5. your father _ just _ (finish) his work. 6. your father _ (finish) his work just now. 7. last term i _ (learn) many english words. 8. they _ (not read) the interesting books yet. 9. he _ never _ (

6、go) to the science museum. 10. _ you ever _ (drink) coke? 11. “_ you _ (buy) a dictionary? “ “yes, i _ . ”“where _ you _ (buy) it?” “ i _ (buy) it in a bookstore. ”“when _ you _ (buy) it?” “ yesterday.”2 三現(xiàn)在完成時的未完成用法 現(xiàn)在完成時的未完成用法 指的是動作開始于過去某一時刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。此種用法的句中常需一個表示一段時間 的時間狀語 (由 how long, s

7、ince或 for引導 ) ，或表示與現(xiàn)在時刻相連的時間狀語( 如： these days，up to now ，so far)等。例如：1.he has lived here since 1978. (動作起始于1978 年，一直住到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)住下去。 ) 2. i have taught here for 21 years.（表示二十一年前的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會繼續(xù)。）3.she has passed the exam so far. 到目前為止她已經通過了考試。四 since 和 for 的用法1.since+ 過去的時間點如：mr. smith has worked h

8、ere since 1984. 1984年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。he s learned about 5,000 english words since he went to college. 他上大學以來大約學了五千個英語單詞。2.for+一段時間（數(shù)詞+量詞）如：we have known each other for twenty years. 我們認識有二十年了。i haven t seen her for a long time. 我好久沒有見到她了。*此類劃線部分用how long 提問練習：1) i have been there for two days. _ _ _

9、you _ _ ? 2) my father has lived here since 2000. _ _ _ your father _ _? 3)he left here yesterday. _ _ he _ _? 4) they bought a book two hours ago. _ _ they _ a book? 練習：用since 和 for 填空1) _ two years 2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month 4) _ 1999 5) _ yesterday 6) _ 4 o clock7) _ 4 hours 8) _ an hour

10、ago 9) _ lunch time 1. he has lived in nanjing _ the year before last. 2. i ve known him _ we were children.3. our teacher has studied japanese _ three years. 4. she has been away from the city _ about ten years. 5. its about ten years _ she left the city.五現(xiàn)在完成時的未完成用法只適用于延續(xù)性動詞，不可用于終止性動詞（即瞬間完成或延續(xù)時間很短

11、的動詞）。如： come ，go， arrive，leave ，join ， become ，die 等瞬間動詞要轉換成延續(xù)性動詞。具體如下：join - be a member of buy - have fall ill - be ill die -be dead 3 catch a cold -have a cold borrow - keep come - be here come back - be back come to china - be in china begin - be on come to work here - work here begin to study h

12、ere - study leave - be away （from ）leave here - be away from here go to bed - be asleep become a worker - be a worker 練習：arrive at/in sw, get to/reach sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm come/go/move to sw.be sw 1)he got to beijing five minutes ago. he _ _ _ beijing for _ _. 2)i moved to the

13、 usa last year. i _ _ _ the usa since _ _. 3)i went home yesterday. i _ _ _ home for _ _. 4)they came here last week. they _ _ here since _ _. come/go back, return be backcome/go out be out1)he came out two years ago. he _ _ _ _ for _ _. 2)we returned to fuzhou yesterday. we _ _ _ to fuzhou since _.

14、 become be1)i became a teacher in 2000. i _ _ a teacher for _ _. 2)the river became dirty last year. the river _ _ dirty for _ _. close be closed open be open1)the shop closed two hours ago. the shop _ _ _ for _ _. 2)the door opened at six in the morning. the door _ _ _ for six hours. get up be up d

15、ie be dead leave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get to sleep be asleep finish/end be over marry be married1)i got up two hours ago. i _ _ _ since _ _. 2)he left fuzhou just now. he _ _ _ _ fuzhou for five minutes. 3)my grandpa died in 2002. my grandpa _ _ _for _ _. 4 4)the meeting finished at six.

16、the meeting _ _ _ for six hours. 5)i got to sleep two hours ago. i _ _ _ since _ _. 6)they married in 1990. they _ _ _since _. start/begin to do sth. do sth.begin be on1)i began to teach at this school in 1995. i _ _ at this school since _. 2)the film began two minutes ago. the film _ _ _ for _ _. b

17、orrow keep lose not havebuy have put on wearcatch/get a cold have a coldget to know know1)they borrowed it last week. they _ _ it since _ _. 2)i bought a pen two hours ago. i _ _ a pen for _ _. 3)i got to know him last year. i _ _ him since _ _. 4)i put on my glasses three years ago. i _ _ my glasse

18、s for _ _. have gone to have been in1)he has gone to beijing. he _ _ _ beijing for two days. join the league/the party/the army be a league member /a party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the party be in the league/the party/the army1) he joined the league two years ago. he _ _ a _ _ for

19、two years. he _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years. he _ _ _ the league for two years. 2) my brother joined the army in 2006. my brother _ _ a _ for _ _. my brother _ _ in _ _ for_ _. 六 have been in, have been to 與 have gone to 的用法一）have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多長時間”，常與表示一段時間的狀語連用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：

20、mr. brown has been in shanghai for three days. 布朗先生來上海已經有三天了。此外還有這些搭配： have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm/ abroad 二） have(has)been to表示“曾經去過某地”，可與just, ever, never等連用。如：1. i have just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。2. mary has never been to the great wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。3. have you e

21、ver been to hangzhou? 你曾經去過杭州嗎？have(has) been to 后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：1. i have been to beijing three times. 我去過北京三次。5 2. they have been to that village several times. 他們去過那個村莊好幾次了。三） have(has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊f話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。只能用于第三人稱。例如：1. -where is tom? -he has gon

22、e to the bookshop. 湯姆在哪里？他到書店去了。2. jack johnson has gone to london. 杰克 . 約翰遜到倫敦去了。練習：i. 用 have (has) been 或 have (has) gone 填空。a: where _ li fei _? b: he _ to hainan island. a: how long _ he _ there? b: he _ there for three days. a: when will he come back, do you know? b: i m afraid he wont come bac

23、k right now.a: could you tell me the way to hainan island? b: sorry, i _ never _ there. a: how many times _ li fei _ to that place? b: he _ there only once. ii. 用 have/has been to/in, have gone to及 go 的各種形式填空。1) where is jack? he _ his country. 2) john _england since he came back. 3) how long _you _

24、this village? 4) the smiths_ beijing for years. 5) _you ever _ america? - yes, i _ there many times. 6) i _this school since three years ago. 7) when _he _? he _ an hour ago. 8) would you like to _ the zoo with me? -yes, but i _there before. 9) where _you _ just now? - i _ the zoo. 10) he often_ swi

25、mming. 11) _ you _ there last year? 12) _ they often _skating in winter? 現(xiàn)在完成時綜合練習一用 never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空1. i have _ seen him before, so i have no idea about him. 2. jack has _ finished his homework _ an hour ago. 3. mr. wang has taught in this school _ ten years. 6 4. “have you _

26、 seen the film?” “no, i have _ seen it.”5. “has the bus left _?” “yes, it has _ left.” 二用適當?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1. she s _ _ (live) here ever since she was ten. 2. both of them _ (be) in hong kong for ten days. 3. both of them _ (come) to hong kong ten days ago. 4. half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave). 5. mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _ (see) it here and there? 6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet? 7. -are you thirsty? -no i _ just _ (have) some orange. 8. we _already _ (return) the book. 9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village? 10. i _(not fin