2022年2022年初中英語比較級和最高級的用法

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載英語語法 -比較級和最高級的用法在英語中通常用以下方式表示的詞: 在形容詞或副詞前加more 如 more natural、more clearly 或加后綴 -ernewer、sooner ；典型的為指形容詞或副詞所表示的質(zhì).量或關(guān)系的增加；英語句子中,將比較兩個主體的方法叫做“比較句型”；其中,像“a 比 b 更”的表達(dá)方式稱為比較級；而“a最”的表達(dá)方式就稱為最高級； 組成句子的方式為將形容詞或副詞變化成比較級或最高級的形狀；一.形容詞.副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)章1一般單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以 -er ,-ow 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,比較級在后面加-er ,最高級

2、在后面加 -est ；（1）單音節(jié)詞如： small smaller smallest shortshortershortest talltallertallest greatgreater greatest（2）雙音節(jié)詞如： clever cleverercleverest narrownarrower narrowest2以不發(fā)音 e 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞, 比較在原級后加 -r ,最高級在原級后加 -st；如： large largerlargestnice nicer nicestable abler ablest 3在重讀閉音節(jié)（即：輔音元音輔音）中,先雙寫末尾的輔音字母,比較級加 -er

3、 ,最高級加 -est ；如： big bigger biggesthot hotterhottestfat fatterfattest 4以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,把 y 改為 i ,比較級加 -er ,最高級加-est ；如： easyeasier easiest heavyheavier heaviest busybusier busiest happyhappier happiest5其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞, 比較級在前面加more,最高級在前面加most； 如： beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differ

4、entmost different easilymore easilymost easily1精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載留意：（1）形容詞最高級前通常必需用定冠詞the ,副詞最高級前可不用；例句： the sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2） 形容詞 most 前面沒有 the ,不表示最高級的含義,只表示" 特別" ； it is a most important problem.=it is a very important problem. 6有少數(shù)形容詞.副詞的比較級和最高級為不規(guī)章的,必需

5、熟記；如： goodbetterbest wellbetterbest badworseworst illworseworstold older/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littleless least farfurther/farther furthest/farthest二.形容詞.副詞的比較級和最高級的用法1“ a + be + 形容詞比較級+ than + b” 意思為“a 比 b 更”；如： this tree is taller than that one.這棵樹比那棵樹高；留意： 在含有連詞 than 的比較級中, 前后的比較對象

6、必需為同一范疇,即同類事物之間的比較；在比較級前面使用much,表示程度程度“強(qiáng)得多”；如： a watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very、 quite一般只能修飾原級,不能修飾比較級；2“比較級 + and +比較級”或“ more and more + 原級”表示“越來越”如： it becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天來了,天氣變得越來越溫和了；it is getting cooler and cooler.天氣越來越?jīng)隹?；the wind became more and more

7、heavily.風(fēng)變得越來越大；our school is becoming more and more beautiful.2精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載我們的學(xué)校變得越來越漂亮；3在含有 or 的挑選疑問句中,假如有兩者供挑選,前面的形容詞要用比較級形式；如： who is taller、tim or tom.誰更高, tim 仍為 tom.4. “the + 比較級、 the+比較級”,表示“越越”；the more money you make、 the more you spend.錢你賺得越多,花得越多； the sooner ,the better. 越快越好；

8、5. 表示倍數(shù)的比較級用法：. a istimes the size /height/length/width of b.如： the new building is three times the height of the old one.這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍； 新樓為舊樓的四倍高 . a istimes as big /high/long/wide/large as b.如： asia is four times as large as europe.亞洲為歐洲的四倍大； 亞洲比歐洲大三倍 . a istimes larger /higher/longer/wider than b.

9、如： our school is twice bigger than yours.我們學(xué)校比你們學(xué)校大兩倍；6. 形容詞.副詞的最高級形式主要用來表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比較,表示“最”的意思；句子中有表示范疇的詞或短語；如：of the three、 in our class等等；如： he is the tallest in our class.他在我們班里為最高的；7." 否定詞語 +比較級 " , " 否定詞語 + soas" 結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級含義；nothing is so easy as this.=nothing is easier th

10、an this.=this is the easiest thing.3精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載8.比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換：mike is the most intelligent in his class.mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class7. 修飾比較級和最高級的詞 1）可修飾比較級的詞.a bit、 a little、 rather、 much、 far、 by far、 many、 a lot、 lots、 a great deal、 any、 still、 even等；.仍可以用

11、表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語；.以上詞 除 by far外,必需置于比較級形容詞或副詞的前面；留意：使用最高級要留意將主語包括在比較范疇內(nèi)； 錯 tom is the tallest of his three brothers. 對 tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2 以下詞可修飾最高級：by far、 far、 much、 mostly、 almost；this hat is nearly / almost the biggest.留意：a. very可修飾最高級,但位置與much不同； this is the very best.this

12、 is much the best.b. 序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級；africa is the second largest continent.8. 要防止重復(fù)使用比較級； 錯 he is more cleverer than his brother. 對 he is more clever than his brother. 對 he is cleverer than his brother.9. 要防止將主語含在比較對象中； 錯 china is larger that any country in asia. 對 china is larger than any other countr

13、y in asia.10. 要留意對應(yīng)句型,遵循前后一樣的原就；the population of shanghai is larger than that of beijing.4精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載it is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.11. 要留意冠詞的使用,后出名詞的時候,前面才有可能出名詞；比較： which is larger、 canada or australia.which is the larger country、 canada or australia. she is taller t

14、han her two sisters.she is the taller of the two sisters.三. 典型例題1） - are you feeling .- yes, i'm fine now.a. any well b. any better c. quite goodd. quite better答案： b. any可修飾比較級, quite修飾原級, well的比較級為 better. 2）the experiment was easier than we had expected.a. more b. much more c. muchd. more much

15、答案： c. much可修飾比較級,因此b, c 都說得通,但 easier本身已為比較級,不需 more,因此 c為正確答案；3）if there were no examinations、 we should have at school.a. the happiest time b. a more happier timec. much happiest time d. a much happier time答案： d；比較級和最高級的用法1. 兩者相比（甲 =乙）,用“ as+原級+as”表示tom is as tall as mike.2. 兩者相比（甲乙）,用“ not asso

16、+原級+as”或“ less than”表示i didnt do my homework soas carefully as you. the picture is less attractive than that one.3. 兩者相比（甲乙）,用“比較級+than ”表示5精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載our city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.留意： 1為了防止重復(fù),在從句中常用one、 that、 those等詞來代替前面提過的名詞；the weather here is warmer t

17、han that of shanghai.the radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.2 比較等級應(yīng)留意防止和包括自己的對象比；比較級 +than+any other +單數(shù)名詞all the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞anyone elseany of the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 3）假如形容詞作定語修飾一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,一般將不定冠詞a/an 放在形容詞之后；our neighbour has ours.a. as a big house asb. as big a house asc. the

18、same big house asd. house the same big as4）比較級前一般不用冠詞,但如表示“兩者中較時”；比較級前要加定冠詞；如比較級后出名詞,常在比較級前加不定冠詞,表示泛指；e.g.他為兩者中較高的一個he is the taller of the two.她唱得真悅耳！我可從未聽過比這更好的嗓音了；how beautifully she sings. i have never heard a better voice.4. 三者或三者以上相比,表示最高級時,用“the + 最高級”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示,這種句式一般常有表示比較范疇的介詞短語；zhang hua is th

19、e tallest of the three. he works the hardest in his class.that was the least exciting football game ive ever watched.6精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載this hotel is the most comfortable ive ever stayed.留意：當(dāng)最高級的前面無限定詞the 或有不定冠詞a/an 時,僅表示“很,特別”monday is my busiest day.星期一為我很忙的一天；qingdao is a most very beautiful

20、 coastal city.青島為一個特別漂亮的海邊城市；比較級的一些其他用法1 倍數(shù)表示方法a) 倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/ 副詞原級 + asb) 倍數(shù)+形容詞 / 副詞比較級 +thanc) 倍數(shù)+ the + n. + ofthis rope is three times longer than that one. this rope is three times as long as that one. this rope is three times the length of that one.2 用形容詞比較級的否定形式,從反面來表示最高級,通常譯為“沒有比更”no other bo

21、ok has a greater effect on my life.沒有哪一本書比這本書對我的影響更大的了；=this book has the greatest effect on my life.考例：go for a picnic this weekend、 ok.- . i love getting close to nature.a.i couldnt agree moreb. im afraid not.c.i believe notd.i don t think so.3 more and more越來越our city is getting bigger and bigger

22、.our city is getting more and more beautiful. 4 the more the more 越 就 越the more you study、 the more you know.7精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載the busier the old man is、 the happier he feels.the more intelligent students are、 the more quickly they understand ideas.5 可用以下詞來修飾形容詞的比較級mucha lotslightlya littlealmostfara bitstill1. guangzhou is one of cities that i ve visited.a. beautifulb. more beautifulc. most beautifuld. the most beautiful2. -is that sam.- no. that s tom. he has hair than sam.a. shortb. shortestc. shorterd. longest3.-