詞匯拓展與單元測(cè)試

1、Module 1Europe【單元總結(jié)與測(cè)試】一、詞匯拓展1concrete concrete ( adj. ) 2. alternative alternate （vadj n ）alternatively （adv) 3 . crime criminal ( adj . & n . ) 4. prediction predictive （adj ）. predict （v) 5. risky risk （v& n . ) 6. rely reliable ( adj . ）reliability ( n . ）reliance ( n . ) 7. command comm

2、ander ( n . ) 8. attach attachment ( n . ) 9optimistic optimism ( n . ）optimist ( n . ) 10. definitely definite ( adj . ）definition ( n . ) 二、綜合拓展1. To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environm

3、ental problems. 為了解決垃圾問(wèn)題，城市會(huì)把廢棄物質(zhì)裝載進(jìn)巨大的宇宙飛船里把它們送到太陽(yáng)上去，以阻止垃圾填埋和環(huán)境問(wèn)題（的產(chǎn)生）。( l ）get rid of 除掉；處理掉；擺脫The problem is how to get rid of nuclear waste.問(wèn)題是如何處理核廢料。I cant get rid Of this headache. 我這頭疼老是好不了。Try and get rid of your visitors before I get there. 在我到之前把你的客人打發(fā)走。 常用短語(yǔ)get together相聚，聚集get across傳播，

4、為人理解get along 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展；( with ）與 相處get away走開，離開；逃脫get back回來(lái)，回到；取回，恢復(fù)get down從 下來(lái)，記下；( to ）轉(zhuǎn)入某一話題；開始從事 get off從 下來(lái)；出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；下班get on登上（車、船、飛機(jī)等）; ( with ) 與 相處get through ( with )干完（工作），完成（任務(wù)）；度過(guò)（時(shí)間）；通過(guò)；( to ）打通電話( 2 ) load v裝載（滿）、輸入、存儲(chǔ)（數(shù)據(jù)或程序）n 載重童；廢話；（責(zé)任或憂慮的）沉重感The truck was carrying a load of bananas. 這

5、輛卡車裝著一車香蕉、Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind得知他們平安到達(dá)后我如釋重負(fù)。I loaded film into the camera. 我把膠卷裝到照相機(jī)里She was loaded down with bags of groceries. 她提著好多袋雜貨。常用短語(yǔ) a load of ( = loads of ) 很多，大量 take / a load off ones mind如釋重負(fù)bear a load on ones shoulders 挑起重?fù)?dān)load sb . / sth . wi

6、th sth . load sth . onto / into sth . / sb . 使某物某人負(fù)載重物load sb . / sth . down with sth . 給 加以重負(fù)load sb . with honours 給某人許多榮譽(yù) ( 3 ) 本句中的preventing landfill and environmental problems 是分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法，此處表結(jié)果。My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 交通堵塞中我的車被困住，所以延誤了。The snow lasted a week,

7、resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 雪下了一星期，造成整個(gè)地區(qū)嚴(yán)重的交通混亂。例“cant you read ? ”Mary said _ to the notice . A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 解析“生氣地”是用來(lái)說(shuō)明說(shuō)話時(shí)的表情，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞said 的后面；“指著”這一動(dòng)作的邏輯主語(yǔ)是Mary ，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故選A 。句意：“你不會(huì)看嗎？”瑪麗指著

8、布告生氣地說(shuō)。答案A 2. Here are some of the ideas they had. 下面是他們的一些觀點(diǎn)。這是一個(gè)here 放在句首引起的完全倒裝句。在以here , there 或out , in , up , down , away 等副詞開頭的句子里，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。但主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，主謂語(yǔ)序不必倒裝。Here Comes the bus 公交車來(lái)了。There comes the boy 那個(gè)男孩來(lái)了。There he comes 他來(lái)了。out rushed the little boy 那小男孩跑了出來(lái)。In a lecture hall of a universit

9、y in England sits a professor. 在英國(guó)一所大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告廳里坐著一位教授。By the window stood an old man . He seemed very sad . 窗戶旁邊站著一位老人，他似乎很憂傷。拓展：倒裝句英語(yǔ)句子的自然語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在后，把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，就叫倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。( l ）完全倒裝 在there + be 結(jié)構(gòu)里。如：There is a box on the table. 在以here , there , down，up，on , away ，out , thus , now等副詞開頭的某些句子里，主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，用“

10、here ( there ) 不及物動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞則不倒裝。如：There goes the bell. Now comes your turn. Up stands the boy. Out rushed the boys. Here he comes. （不倒裝） 當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為表示地汽的介詞詞組時(shí)，也常常引起全部倒裝。如：on a hill in front of them stood a great castle. From the valley came a frightening sound. 表語(yǔ)里于句首時(shí)，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞十主語(yǔ)”。as形容詞連系動(dòng)詞主

11、語(yǔ)Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guest, . b過(guò)去分詞十連系動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people. c介詞短語(yǔ)be 十主語(yǔ)Among the goods are Christmas trees , flowers , candles and toys . 用于so，nor , neither 開頭的句子，表示重復(fù)前句部分內(nèi)容。原句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與前句謂語(yǔ)的

12、時(shí)態(tài)、形式相一致。如：He has been to Beijing. so have I . Li Wei can't answer the question. Neither can I. I didnt go to the cinema last night. Nor did he. 部分引述詞置于句首或以方式狀語(yǔ)thus 開頭的句子如：“1 have been very busy these days ,”said HenryThus ended his life. (2 ) 部分倒裝部分倒裝的句型有： only所修飾的狀語(yǔ)在句首的句型。如：only after he left

13、the shop did he find that he had lost his wallet 他直到離開商店之后才發(fā)現(xiàn)丟了錢包。注意：a在部分倒裝句中，如果謂語(yǔ)部分無(wú)助動(dòng)詞，則須找助動(dòng)詞來(lái)“幫助”它構(gòu)成倒裝句。如：誤only after the war learned he , the sad news 正 only after the war did he learned the sad news . b. only 修飾狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句不可倒裝。如： 誤only when did she returned did we find out the truth.正only when she

14、 returned did we find out the truth . c. only 修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子不可倒裝。如：誤only can he answer the question . 正only he can answer the question . 在“Not only 分句，but also分句”中，not only 引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝。如：Not only does John speak English , hut also ho speaks French 約翰不僅會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)而且會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。 以表示否定的副詞開始的句子需要倒裝常見的否定副詞有never , little , not

15、until , nowhere , hardly , scarcely , rarely , not once , seldom , no sooner 等。如：Never shall I forget the day when I joined the army. Little did he say at the meeting. barely , holly , scarcely 和when , before 連用，no sooner 和than 連用，它們位于句首時(shí)，為固定的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示一件事緊接著另一件事發(fā)生，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“一就 ”。但在時(shí)態(tài)上，主句一般用過(guò)去完成時(shí)而從句（when

16、, before 或than 引導(dǎo)）用過(guò)去時(shí)。表示一般情況時(shí)，主句也可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：No sooner had I left the house than it began to rain. 我剛離開屋子天就下起雨來(lái)。Searcely has a foreigner set foot on the United States before they ask him what he thinks of the country外國(guó)人剛?cè)ッ绹?guó)，他們就會(huì)問(wèn)他對(duì)該國(guó)有什么看法。 虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝在虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)的條件從句中，如果if 被省略，那么were ，had 或should 要移至

17、主語(yǔ)之前（could , might 很少引導(dǎo)這樣的倒裝句）。如：Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help. Were I you ( = If 1 were you ) , 1 would go abroad 用于“形容詞（名詞或副詞）十a(chǎn)s ( though ) ”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Hard as he worked , he made little progress =Although he worked I hard , he made little progress盡管他努力工作了，但還是沒(méi)有進(jìn)步。 用于某些表示祝愿的句

18、子。如：May you succeed ！祝你成功！long live the people ！人民萬(wàn)歲！3. To find out what young people think about the future of urban life. a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50 000 people In the year 2025 . 為了了解年輕人對(duì)未來(lái)城市生活的觀點(diǎn)，美國(guó)田納西州一所大學(xué)的一

19、位老師讓他的學(xué)生們考慮他們?nèi)绾喂芾硪粋€(gè)在2025 年擁有5 萬(wàn)人口的城市。( l ) to6nd out what young people think about the future of urban life 是不定式在句中用作目的狀語(yǔ)。He came to Australia to study kangaroo他去澳洲是為了研究袋鼠。He got up early to catch the first bus. 他早起去趕早班車。( 2 ) what young people think about the future of urban life 和how they would ru

20、n a city Of 50 ,000 people in the year 2025，是賓語(yǔ)從句，分別作find out 和think 的賓語(yǔ)No one knows who will win the first place. 沒(méi)有人知道誰(shuí)會(huì)得第一名。I wonder whether they will finish their task on time. 我不知道他們是否能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。He suggested that we should go there by train. 他建議我們乘火車去那兒。( 3 ) think about 考慮Im thinking of / about p

21、ersuading Dad to stop smoking. 我在考慮說(shuō)服爸爸戒煙。Thats because we never thought about / of it. 這是因?yàn)槲覀儚膩?lái)沒(méi)有想過(guò)這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Can you think of a proper place where we call hold an evening Party? 你能想出一個(gè)合適的地方讓我們舉行一次晚會(huì)嗎？（不用about ) He thinks more of/about others than of / about himself 他為別人著想的多，為自己著想的少。 常用短語(yǔ)think aloud ( ou

22、t loud ）自言自語(yǔ)think back ( to ）回想think highly (well , etc . ）of贊賞（對(duì)印象好等）think little ( badly , etc . ) of 認(rèn)為（不好），對(duì) 不在意，不贊成think much of 對(duì) 評(píng)價(jià)很高think nothing of 覺(jué)得不怎么樣（沒(méi)什么，不難）think nothing of it 不用謝，不要介意think of as 認(rèn)為 是(4) run vi . & vt . 跑；奔He ran across the road 他跑過(guò)馬路。 （機(jī)器）轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)The engine runs wel

23、l 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好。Most of motor vehicles run on petrol. 大部分機(jī)動(dòng)車的行駛以汽油作燃料。This machine is not running correctly. 這臺(tái)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得不正常。 （會(huì)共車輛）行駛The buses run every ten minutes. 流動(dòng)The river has run dry這條河已經(jīng)干涸了 。 延伸The road runs beside the river . 這條路沿著河邊延伸。 控制、主持（團(tuán)體、組織）run a school 辦一所學(xué)校常用短語(yǔ)run across 偶然遇到run after 追逐run

24、 away 逃走run into 碰撞、偶然遇到run out ( of ）用光、耗盡4. What time does the plane arrive? 飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候到達(dá)？ 這是一個(gè)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)的句子。表示“往來(lái)，出發(fā)，到達(dá)”等的動(dòng)詞（go，come , , ail , leave , start , arrive , begin , return ）?？捎靡话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)直接表示將來(lái)。He comes back to , light 他今天晚上回來(lái)。My train leaves at 6 : 30 我的火車6 點(diǎn)30 分開。The bus leaves at 5: 30 公交車5

25、點(diǎn)30 分發(fā)車。When do you start on the tour ？你什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身去旅行？拓展：在由連詞if , unless , before , as soon as , when , once 等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。I11 let you know as soon as I hear from him. 一收到他的來(lái)信，我就告訴你。例need one stamp before my collection _ . A. is completed B. completes C. has been completed D. has completed 解析

26、complete 是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使完成”，與句子主語(yǔ)my collection 是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故本題只能在A 、C 中選擇。C 項(xiàng)用了完成被動(dòng)時(shí)，表明被動(dòng)動(dòng)作已在need 前完成，既已完成，又何來(lái)再要一張郵票，顯然不合邏輯。A 項(xiàng)用于before 引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)都很貼切。本題極易從語(yǔ)法角度錯(cuò)選C 。但若從主、從句發(fā)生的時(shí)間上看，C 項(xiàng)設(shè)里的語(yǔ)境（已完成）與主句need （需要）發(fā)生了矛質(zhì)，足見動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)，一并考慮十分重要。答案A 5. Not ail predictions come true. 并不是所有預(yù)測(cè)都會(huì)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。有些表示全體意義的名詞性單位

27、的詞與not 連用表示部分否定。知代詞all , both 以及由all , both 和形容詞whole , every 所修飾的名詞詞組，包括every 所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)。如：All men here are not honest 這兒的人并非都誠(chéng)實(shí)。Both of the sisters dont like the film. 姐妹倆并非都喜歡這部影片。Not everything went well with me 我并非每件事都順利。英語(yǔ)中有些副詞如altogether , always , entirely , wholly , quite 等，以

28、及含有all , both , whole , every 等的副詞性詞組，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，若句中含有not ，則本句話表示部分否定，而非全部否定。如：The rich men are not always happy. 有錢的人并非總是幸福的。拓展：部分否定與全部否定的對(duì)照： 例agree with most of what you said , but I don ' t agree with_ A . everything B . anything C . something D . nothing 解析 本題考查部分否定的用法。everything 和not 連用表示部分否定，符

29、合題意；anything 和not 連用則表示全部否定之義，something 不能和not 連用；nothing 與題意矛盾，句意：我同意你所講的大部分，但我并非全部同意。答案A 單元測(cè)試 測(cè)試時(shí)間90分鐘 測(cè)試滿分120分一、單項(xiàng)填空（共15分，每小題1分）1. You cant expect him to do housework as well _ after children. A. as looking B. to look C. as look D. as to look 2. He bought a knife and fork _ A. to eat B. to eat wi

30、th C. for eating D. to eat by 3. I cant give you the answer yet; Id like more time to consider my decision. A. quite B. fairly C. rather D. very4. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have playedC. are playing D. play 5. Its no use_ time_ that m

31、atter A. wasting; discussing B. to waste; to discussC. wasting; to discuss D. to waste; discussing6. _ I used to go mountain climbing every summer.A. Once a time B. At a timeC. At one time D. At the time7. It kept raining for a long time and the river water kept_A. rising up B. to go up C. going up

32、D. to rise up 8. I will go to see you when you _ the training course. A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish 9. The village will not _ the city until the railway A. be joined to; has been built B. join to; is built C. be joining to; has been built D. join with; is built 10.

33、She _ me not to depend on my dictionary too much in my reading. A. suggests B. hopes C. prefers D. would rather 11. The sky is covered with dark clouds. It _ A. is possibly B. is likely C. looks like D. is seeming 12. A number of people _ now out of _ and the number _ increasing. A. is; work; is B.

34、are; the work; isC. are; work; are D. are; work; is13. Will it be convenient _ you_ start work tomorrow? A. for; to B. to; for C. for; with D. to; so as 14. _ this text can be used for listening hasnt been decided yet. A. What B. If C. Whether D. Which 15. He is trying to sell instead _ A. of to buy

35、 B. of buying C. buying D. to buy 二、完形填空（共30分，每小題1.5分）Two men on a touring holiday were injured by an explosion in their motor van(面包車) yesterday.Shoppers, traders and businessmen in Red Lion Street were 16 by a loud bang, and seconds later the two men jumped over from the van, which had stopped out

36、side Barclays Bank. Several people rushed to give 17 and helped to put out the fire 18 the van. A light American truck changed the 19 to provide living accomodation room, 20 firemen arrived. The men, Mr Gary House, who was driving, and his 21 Mr Charles Lynnwere taken to hospital with slight 22 They

37、 were allowed to leave after 23 . “I heard this explosion. It was 24 loud. I thought it could have been 25 ,”said Mr Leslie Webster, manager of the market ,who was working in his office in Red Lion Street. “I looked out of the window and saw this lad jump from the van and 26 on the ground. Then anot

38、her lad came out of the van. He seemed to be in a 27 state”parts of his trousers were hanging below his knees. “I came downstairs to get a fire extinguisher (滅火器) but 28 the time I got outside someone from the bank was in the 29 with an extinguisher. Mr Webster said both men were shocked. One was ta

39、ken into the markets office to wait for a ( n) 30 . “The second man 31 going back into the van to see if everything was 32 and five minutes later he came out with a drawer that was burning, “he added. 33 inside the van was mainly superficial （表面的）34 a plastic window was blown out. The two men have s

40、pent the last five months 35 . At the time of the incident their wives were shopping in the city. 16. A. disappointed B. excited C. frightened D. shocked17. A. hand B. warning C. report D. assistance18. A. inside B. outside C. around D. towards19. A. plan B. mind C. direction D. road20. A. after B b

41、efore C. when D. until21. A. wife B. passenger C. visitor D. guest22. A. wounds B. sicknesses C. burns D. hurts23. A. operation B. treatment C. recovery (復(fù)原) D. examination24. A. much B. pretty C. usually D. actually25. A. bomb B. fire C. truck D. accident26. A. lie B. die C. roll D. fall 27. A. goo

42、d B. poor C. better D. worse28. A. at B. for C. after D. by29. A. van B. office C. market D. room30. A. rescue B. doctor C. firefighter D. ambulance31. A. kept on B. insisted on C. cared for D. gave up 32. A. in order B. in all C. all right D. all over33. A. Equipment B. Suffering C. Damage D. Condi

43、tion 34. A. although B. since C. because D. so that 35. A. touring B. repairing C. moving D. cleaning三、閱讀理解（共40分，每小題2分）A Martin is a man of all trades and of many experiences. He never stays at one job for more than six months and never leaves the job of his own will. He is not actually lazy or unfi

44、t and his employers ( 雇主)can not be said to be unreasonable. He is only, according to one of his former employers, too eager for the work that his employer hasnt the intention ( 打算) to let him do. One fact about Martin is that he never waits long to find a new job. Last month, he was fired again. Mr

45、 King, the owner of a small shop hired him to paint his new house. He readily accepted the job without a word. When later Mr King went to see how things were going on there, he couldnt find Martin. Instead he saw four workmen carefully painting the wall. “Whats the matter?” he wondered. “Hi, Mr King

46、!” he heard Martins voice calling from behind, “They are working hard, arent they?” Mr King turned back. He saw Martin smiling at him. “Whats happened. Martin? And why are these workers here?” Mr King asked. “Ive hired them at 8 dollars for each man, ”Martin told him happily. “But I will only pay 30

47、 dollars for the whole work. ”Mr King couldnt understand. “I know, Mr King. But just think. I only need to pay another two dollars and then can enjoy the happy feeling of being a boss. Isnt it worth the money?” 36. Why is Martin often fired? Because he _ A. is too lazy B. has few experiences C. trie

48、s to be a boss D. often acts against his employers will 37. Martin seems to be a_ A. narrow-minded fellow B. light-hearted man C. man who is at loose ends D. person full of fears 38. Mr King was _ when he saw four workers painting his house. A. happy B. angry C. satisfied D. surprised 39. The best t

49、itle for the passage should he _ A. Martin and Mr King B. painting a new house C. its worth the money D. reasonable or not B Many people are interested in family history ,an area of study called genealogy (家譜學(xué)). Most genealogy experts have heard about the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Ut

50、ah. The Library claims to have the largest collection of genealogical records in the world. Shirely Griffith has more about this unusual research center. The Family History Library has many records to help people search of information about their family histories. It has birth, marriage and death re

51、cords from religious groups and governments. The collection includes official population ,court and property records. It also includes burial records, ship passenger lists and published family histories. The Family History Library has information from almost every area of the world. Most records are

52、 from 1550 through 1920. These records include the names of more than two thousand million people who have died. The library has few records of living persons. The Family History Library is operated by the Church of Jesus Christ of LatterDay Saints. The church has been gathering family history recor

53、ds around the world for more than one hundred years. The group urges (催促) its members to study the lives of early family members as a religious requirement. The Family History Library is open to the public every day except Sunday and some holidays. Visitors are invited to use its books and other mat

54、erials. Library officials say it is one of the most popular places for visitors in Utah. About two thousand four hundred people use the library each day. Individuals, families and private groups have given some of their records to the library. The library bought other records from governments. All t

55、he information is gathered with the approval (批準(zhǔn)) of governments or officials who supervise ( 監(jiān)督) the records. The library copies many records to a kind of film that can he read with special equipment. It is known as microfilm. The collection is always expanding. Today, Church representatives are ma

56、king copies of important records around the world. Many people find it difficult to travel to Utah to use the Family History Library. So,the Church has set up more than three thousand Family History Centers in seventy-five countries around the world. 40. It is less likely that you can get _ from the Family History Library. A. dates of some peoples births B. names of some people who died at sea C. records of Certain judges or some laws D. Information about certain persons alive 41. Normally how many visitors does the library in Utah receive