八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)

1、八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)Revised final draft November 26, 2020 八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)新目標(biāo)初二英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)變化輔導(dǎo) 教案 thin thinner thinnest hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest new newer newest high higher highest cold colder coldest tall taller tallest dark darker darkest tall taller tallest useful more useful most useful br

2、ight brighter brightest brave braver bravest interested more interested most interested frightening more frightening most frightening doubtful more doubtful most doubtful obscure more obscure most obscure clever cleverer cleverest pretty prettier prettiest （注 意 y 變成 i） silly sillier silliest bad wor

3、se worst far farther farthest （只指距離）further furthest （用處較廣；參見(jiàn) F, G） good better best little less least many / much more most old elder eldest（僅指人）older oldest （指人和物）farther / farthest 和 further / furthest以上含蓋了所以的變形形式構(gòu)成法 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié) 詞 tall （高的）taller tallest 未尾加-er, -est great （巨大的）greater greate

4、st以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾nice （好的）nicer nicest的單音詞和少數(shù) large （大的）larger largest 以- le 結(jié)尾的雙 able （有能力的）abler ablest音節(jié)詞只加-r, -st以一個(gè)輔音字母big （大的）bigger biggest結(jié)尾 的閉音節(jié)單hot熱的）hotter hottest音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再 加-er, -est ”以輔音字母+y" easy（容易的）easier easiest結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié) 詞,busy （忙的）busier busiest 改 y 為 i,再加 -er, -est 少數(shù)以-er, -ow cl

5、ever （聰明的）cleverer cleverest結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞narrow（窄的） narrower narrowest 未尾力口-er, -est其他雙音節(jié)詞和important （重要的）多音節(jié)詞，在前more important面加 more, most most important來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和easily（容易地）最高級(jí)。more easily most easily 2）不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good（好的）/ better best well （健康的）bad （壞的）/ worse worst ill （有病的）old （老 的）older/elder oldest

6、/eldest much/many（多的）more most little（少的） less least far （遠(yuǎn)的）farther/further farthest/furthest 形容詞的比 較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：形容詞有三種等級(jí)：原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。3.原級(jí)：句中 只有一者時(shí)用原級(jí)，其標(biāo)志詞是very, so, too, quite等。e. g. His handwriting is very good.他的書(shū)法很好。（一個(gè)人不作比較。）太陽(yáng)、月 克和地球那個(gè)大形容號(hào)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成：1.一般在原級(jí)后加er構(gòu) 成比較級(jí)，加 est 構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。e. g. small smaller

7、smallest young younger youngest 2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞，直接加r或st構(gòu)成 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)o e. g. nice nicer nicest late later latest 3.以輔音字 母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i ,再加er或est,構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。e. g. busy busier busiest heavy heavier heaviest 4.在重讀閉音節(jié)中，末尾只有 一個(gè)輔號(hào)字母的形容詞，要先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加er或est,構(gòu)成比較 級(jí)和最高級(jí)。e. g. hot hotter hottest big bigger bigges

8、t 5.個(gè)別形容詞 的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是不規(guī)則變化，需個(gè)別記憶。e. g. good （well） better best bad （badly, ill） worse worst many（much） more most little less least far father farthest 或 further furthest副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：1 .以ly結(jié)尾的副詞，除early變?yōu)閑arlier和earliest外，其余一律在 其前力口 more 和 most。 如：carefully - more carefully - most carefully2 .規(guī)則變化直接加 er 和

9、 est。如：fast - fasterfastest3 .個(gè)別詞是不規(guī)則變化，需要特別記憶。如：well - better - best far - farther - fastest badly - worse - worst4 .句子中，副詞最高級(jí)前的the可省略也可以不省略，但形容詞最高級(jí)前面的 the絕對(duì)不能去掉。e. g. Who runs (the) fastest, Tom, Jim or Mike?形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則：1 .一般情況下直接加“l(fā)y"，如quickquickly 2.以“y”結(jié)尾的，先將“y" 改成 “i”，再力口 “l(fā)y”，如 happyh

10、appily少數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉e再加Ty。例如：true-truly等。但絕大多數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞仍然直接加Ty。例如：polite-politely, wide- widely 等。形容詞變副詞通常是加ly,其變化有規(guī)律可循,請(qǐng)記住以下口訣：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“輔y”改i加，“l(fā)e”結(jié)尾e改y。分別舉例如下： quick-quickly, true-truly, happyhappily, possible一possibly. 另外：一、在形容詞詞尾直接加-ly。如：real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; ho

11、peful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly二、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i,然后再加Ty。如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily三、某些以輔音字母加不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾和以-ue結(jié)尾的形容詞要先去掉e, 然后再力口一y 或Ty。 如：terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently 另外,副詞還可以由形容詞加前綴a-得來(lái)，如：loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.) 此外,部分名詞加后綴也可變成副詞，如:part-partl

12、y。例句：It is partly her fault.有部分是她的錯(cuò)。需注意:friendly; motherly; lovely等詞是形容詞而非副詞。再看轉(zhuǎn)化副詞。在英語(yǔ)中,有些詞既可以作形容詞，乂可以作副詞，如early, much, fast, little, wide, loud等。由于這類詞詞性雖不同，但詞形卻一樣, 這就需要大家學(xué)會(huì)在特定語(yǔ)境中判斷它們各自的詞性。例句:Thank you very much. (adv.)多謝。There is much water in the river, (adj.)河里有很 多水。The music is too loud. Please

13、 turn it down. (adj.) 音樂(lè)聲太大, 請(qǐng)調(diào)低點(diǎn)。He speaks loud enough. So everyone in the room can hear what he said. (adv.)他說(shuō)話的聲音很大，所以房間里每個(gè)人都能聽(tīng)到他的 話。另外,還有一類副詞和形容詞詞義相同，但拼寫卻不同，如well和goodo例句He speaks good English.他講一口流利的英語(yǔ)。He speaks English well.他英 語(yǔ)講得不錯(cuò)。多音節(jié)y結(jié)尾的詞 將y改為i后加ly easy-easily happy-happily heavy- heavily 單

14、音節(jié) y 結(jié)尾的詞直接加 ly gay-gayly (gaily) sly-slyly (slily) 以ve結(jié)尾的詞 去e加ly true-truly以le結(jié)尾的詞 去e加y gentle- gently possible-possibly 其他以 e 結(jié)尾的詞一律加 ly nice-nicely wise- wisely polite-politely以11結(jié)尾的詞 只加y full-fully以ic結(jié)尾的詞 力口 ally automatic-automatically energetic-energetically 其他形容詞 均 力口 ly careful-carefully gla

15、d-gladly形容詞的比較級(jí)專項(xiàng)一、變化規(guī)則：1、規(guī)則變化：(1)單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù) 雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加er或est： bright;以不發(fā)音的e字母 結(jié)尾的加r,或st： large;以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為I加er或 est： easy；以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加 er或est: big以er, ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞加er或est:clever slow (2)多 音節(jié)詞前加more或most,副詞最高級(jí)前省略the. (3)部分形容詞本身表示最 高級(jí)，因此他們沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式：favourite round 2、不規(guī)則變 化： good, well;

16、bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old; 注： 只有少數(shù)形容詞和副詞有兩種比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式：clever old far二、形 容詞各等級(jí)的用法:1、原級(jí)(同級(jí))比較：asas;not as(so)as We' 11 give you as much help as we can. She isn* t as (so) active in sports as before. 2.比較級(jí):表示兩者之間比更可用狀語(yǔ)much,a little, even 等修飾： He made fewer mistakes than I did. He

17、 is even richer than I. 3、高級(jí)：形容詞最高級(jí)前必須加the,副詞最高級(jí)前常省略 the,后面多用of, in短語(yǔ)表示范圍:It was the most/leastinteresting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three. 4、如果在兩者之間表示“最”時(shí)要在比較級(jí)前加the,而且還用 of the two, of the pair 短語(yǔ)： John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever.三、

18、 重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)： 1、 asas結(jié) 構(gòu)：你和湯姆是一樣好的孩子。You* re a boy as good as Tom. =You，re as good a boy as Tom. 2、 tooto 與 sothat sb. can' t的句型轉(zhuǎn)換: 前者為簡(jiǎn)單句，主語(yǔ)只有一個(gè)，而后者為復(fù)合句，主語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)，試比較：The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn' t able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink. The milk

19、 was so hot that we can* t drink it. (2) tooto與 not enough to 句型的轉(zhuǎn) 換： He is too young to get married. =He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read. = The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容詞原級(jí)表示比較級(jí)含義：約翰不象邁 克見(jiàn)B么苯。 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less

20、stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)：約翰是班里 最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John isthe tallest boy in the class. John is taller than :any other boy. any of the other boy. all the other boy. any of the others, any one else. 5、 the more the more表示 “越越” :The m

21、ore books youread, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、more and more表示 "越來(lái)越” :More and morestudents realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger.四、鞏固練習(xí)：(一)寫出下列形容 詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式：long widefat heavy slow fewbright

22、ly - bably far quickly happy - unhappy (二)用所給詞的正確形式填 空: 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the (clever). 2. Gold(黃金)is (little) useful than iron(鐵).3. My sister is two years (old ) than I. 4. John' s parents have four daughters, and she is the (young) child. 5. The (cheap) bags are the not usually

23、 the best ones. 6. The short one is by far expensive of the five. 7. The boy is not so (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings (well), she sings (well) than John, but Mary sings(well) in her class. 9. She will be much (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is that, (twice, as”as”, expensive)(三

24、)選擇填空: 1. He feels today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired 2. Which do you like , coffee, tea or milk A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the two toys, the child chose. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the most expens

25、ive of them 4. The line is than that one. A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer 5. The earth is the moon. A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D. as big as 49 times 6. The book is of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 7. She looks than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older 8. The garden is becoming. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful a