初中英語常用動詞搭配和動詞短語以及辨析

1、初中英語常用動詞搭配1. 動詞后接to do ask sb. to do sth.請（叫）某人做某事tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事order sb to do sth. 命令某人做某事want sb to do sth. 想要做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事wish sb to do sth. 希望某人做某事would like to do sth. 想要做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驅使某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事forbid

2、 sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 強迫某人做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事plan to do sth. 計劃做某事prepare to do sth. 預備做某事pretend to do sth. 假裝做某事promise to do sth. 許諾做某事decide to do sth. 決定做某事refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事need sb to do sth 需要某

3、人做某事 2. 動詞后接 ing consider doing sth. 考慮做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脫做某事feel like doing sth. 想要做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事 give up doing sth. 放棄做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事practice doing sth. 練習做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 put off doing sth. 推遲做某事 risk doing sth. 冒

4、險做某事 forbid doing sth. 制止做某事forgive doing sth. 原諒做某事stop sb.from doing 阻止某人做某事appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事suggest doing sth. 建議做某事be/get used to doing sth. 習慣做某事pay attention to doing 注意做某事avoid doing 避免做某事3. 動詞后既接 to又接 ing(1) remember to do sth. 記得要做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事(2) forget to do sth.

5、 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(3) regret to do sth. 遺憾要做某事 regret doing sth. 遺憾做過某事(4) try to do sth. 盡力做某事 try doing sth. 試著做某事(5) stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做（正在做的）某事(6) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味著做某事(7) cant help to do sth. 不能幫助做某事 cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事(8) go

6、 on/continue to do sth. 繼續(xù)做另一件事 go on/continue doing sth. 繼續(xù)做同一件事(9) like/love/hate to do sth 具體活動（一次性） like/love/hate doing sth 表示習慣（一貫性）(10) need/want to do sth. 想要做某事（主動）need/want doing sth. 想要被做（被動）(11) allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事allow doing sth 允許做某事(12) advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事advise doi

7、ng sth. 建議做某事 (13) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人做某事encourage doing sth. 鼓勵做某事(14) permit sb to do sth 允許某人做某事 permit doing sth 允許做某事4. 動詞后接動詞原形do (1) let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事(2) make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事=make sth done (3) have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事=have sth done(4) see sb. do sth. 看見某人做過某事see sb. doing 看見某

8、人正在做某事(5) hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做過某事hear sb. doing 聽見某人正在做某事(6) find sb. do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做過某事 find sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事(7) watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事(8) had batter do sth. 最好做某事4. 接雙賓語(一) 雙賓語易位時需借助介詞to的常用動詞（多表示動詞的方向）bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物帶給某人hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人lend

9、sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借給某人mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄給某人offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 將某物給某人pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付給某人某物（錢）read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物讀給某人聽return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物還給某人sell sb. sth. = sel

10、l sth. to sb. 把某物賣給某人send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送給某人show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物給某人看take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿給某人teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告訴某人某情況throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔給某人write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 給某

11、人寫信(二) 雙賓語易位時需借助介詞for的常用動詞（多表示動詞的目的）book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 為某人預定某物buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 為某人買某物choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 為某人選某物cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 為某人煮某物draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 為某人畫某物find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 為某人找到某物get sb. sth. = get s

12、th. for sb. 為某人拿來某物make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 為某人做某物order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 為某人訂購某物pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 為某人采摘某物prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 為某人準備某物save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 為某人留某物sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 為某人唱某物（歌）steal sb. sth. = steal sth.

13、 for sb. 為某人偷某物 初中英語常用動詞短語整理5. Be 動詞結構 be able to do 能夠做be afraid to do (內(nèi)心)害怕不敢做某事be afraid of doing擔心出現(xiàn)doing的狀況、結果be angry with 對生氣be at home = stay at home 待在家里be back/in/out 回來/在家/外出be bad for 對有害be busy doing/with sth忙于做(忙于) be careful of 當心，注意，仔細be covered with  被覆蓋be different from與不同be

14、famous/known as 作為出名be famous/known for 以而著名be free 空閑的，有空be friendly/kind to對友好be from = come from 來自，什么地方人be full of/filled with裝滿be good at= do well in 擅長于be good for對有好處be (ill) in bed 臥病在床be interested in   對感興趣be in trouble 處于困境中be late for 遲到be mad at 對生氣be made from/of 由制成be made i

15、n 在地方制造be made up of由構成be on 在進行，在上演，（燈）亮著be pleased with對感到高興be polite/impolite to對某人有禮貌/不禮貌be popular with受歡迎；be proud of對感到自豪be ready for  為作好準備be satisfied with對感到滿意（高興）be surprised (at) 對感到驚訝 be strict in sth.對某事嚴格be strict with sb.對某人嚴格be supposed to do sth.應該做某事be used for doing被用來做

16、某事be used to do被用來做某事be used to doing 習慣于be worried about =be anxious about 擔憂6.短語（首字母排列）aim at 針對agree with sb. 同意某人的意見或建議ask for請求、索要 ask for a day off請一天假 addto把和加起來 achieve a victory取得勝利arrive in到達大地方 arrive at到達小地方 argue with 與爭吵apologize to 向道歉break up with sb.與某人斷絕關系 break out 爆發(fā)break down 出毛

17、病，拆開break off解散，解雇break the rule違規(guī) break into破門而入believe in信任 begin/start with以開始 belong to屬于 builtinto把建成base on以為基礎 borrow from向借come into being形成、出現(xiàn) come true 實現(xiàn)come for a visit來參觀come on 快，走吧，跟我來come back回來come to do sth.逐漸做某事come about 發(fā)生come from來自 come up with 提出主意想法come along出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生 come over過

18、來 come into進入里 come in 進來come out出來，出現(xiàn)，出版come out of從里出來catch up with 趕上catch a fire著火catch hold of抓住catch a bus趕公共汽車 cut up 切碎cut in half 切成半cut off切斷電源、水源cut in line插隊 care for關心、關愛care about在意call for號召call back回電話call at sp. 拜訪某地call on sb.拜訪某人 call out呼喊 call up給打電話call sb. at some number給某人打某個

19、號碼 calm down 鎮(zhèn)靜下來 communicate with 與交流complain about 抱怨can t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事clean up 清理、打掃干凈carry out 執(zhí)行connect to 把和連起來chat on line網(wǎng)上聊天check over檢查drop by 順便拜訪drop out of school輟學drop litter丟垃圾do an experiment 做實驗do an operation on sb. 給某人做手術do sth. in person親自做某事 do business做生意 do exercise

20、做操do with=deal with處理 do wrong 做錯事do ones homework =do onelesson做作業(yè) do some sports做運動 do morning exercises 做早操do well in做得好，擅長于 do the dishes 洗餐具 do ones best to do sth.盡力做某事 do some cleaning 掃除do some reading讀書 do some shopping購物do some cooking做飯 do the laundry洗衣服do some chores做雜務 disagree with sb.

21、 不同意某人意見describeas把描繪為die of 死于直接內(nèi)因，如疾病、饑渴die from死于間接外因，如車禍、天災die out 滅絕drive sb. crazy使某人發(fā)瘋drive to開車去 divideinto把分成depend on依賴decide on sth. 對做決定dry out干涸 dry up 烘干dream of 夢想draw up起草、擬定 dress up 裝扮、打扮e-mail sb.給某人發(fā)電子郵件 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事end up doing sth.結束做某事 explain to sb

22、 sth=explain sth. to sb. 向某人解釋某事eat up吃光fall behind落后 fall off 從掉下 fall down 滑到，倒下（后接賓語要加from）fall over向前摔倒、跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入fall ill病倒 fall asleep入睡 fall in love with愛上、迷戀 fight against與作斗爭 follow the rules 遵守規(guī)則fail the exam考試不及格 find out查明原因、真相 feel like doing 想做某事fly a kite 放風箏fly to乘飛機去 fit int

23、o 適應 fill in =fill out 填充填寫 fillwith用填feel sorry for因而難過 fold the clothes疊衣服get on 上車、船、飛機等get off下車、船、飛機等 get up起來、起床 get good grades 取得好成績get over 客服get rid of 除掉get to到達 get out of 從里出來get into 進入get in the way of妨礙 get together 聚會 get into trouble陷入困境 get out of trouble 脫離困境get used todoingsth.習

24、慣做某事 get to do sth.著手做某事 get ready for為做準備 get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境 get away from遠離get a sore back 背痛get back to sb. 過會兒與某人通話打電話用語get on/along well with 與相處融洽 get to know認識 get married to與某人結婚get in touch with 與取得聯(lián)系go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧go to 去go home 回家go out 出去go out for出去做 go down/along 沿著走go t

25、o school上學 go to the doctor去醫(yī)務室go to the cinema 去看電影go across穿過平面 go to work上班 go bad變壞 go by流逝時間 go ones own way走自己的路 go for a walk 去散步go sightseeing去觀光 go away 走開go to sleep 入睡go to bed 上床睡覺go on with繼續(xù)go shopping 去購物go hiking 去遠足 go abroad 出國go over復習 go downstairs/upstairs下樓/上樓 go on a trip 去旅游

26、give indoingsth.屈服做某事 give updoingsth.放棄做某事 give away 贈送give out 頒發(fā)give back 歸還 give off 發(fā)出氣味、煙霧等give sb. some advice給某人提建議 give a talk作報告give lessons to sb. 給某人上課give sb. a good beating 好好教訓某人一下give sb. a hand 幫某人忙 grow up 長大have a good time 玩得愉快have a discussion 進行討論have a party 舉行聚會have a meeting

27、 開會have nothing to do with與無關 have trouble with sth. 做某事有困難have difficulty/ trouble doing sth. 費力做某事have fun玩得愉快 have a fever 發(fā)燒have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽have a stamachache胃痛 have fun doing sth.愉快地做某事 have a match 舉行比賽have a fight with與比賽、斗爭 have no idea of 不知道 have a hard time doing sth. 艱難地做某事

28、have sth. to do with 與有關 have an accident 發(fā)生事故have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早、午、晚飯have class上課 have water喝水 have a conversation with 與會話have a look at 看一下 have a talk with與談話have a problem with做某事有疑難have a good trip路途愉快 have a try 試一下have a laugh at 嘲笑. have a pity on sb.同情某人 have a rest 休息一下have a w

29、ord with 與談幾句話hear of 聽說hear from 收到的來信hands up舉手 hand in上交 hand out分發(fā) hold up 抓住、握住hold a meeting 舉行會議 hold an exhibition舉行展覽 happen to do sth.恰巧做某事 hurry up 趕快 hurry off 匆忙離開 help oneself to sth. 隨便用help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事invite sb. to do sth.邀請某人做某事 insist on doi

30、ng sth.堅持做某事join in 穿著join together團結起來join the army 參軍join the party入黨keep（stay）away from 遠離keep out不讓進入keep down 壓低音量等keep a pet 飼養(yǎng)寵物keep in good mood 保持好心情keep on doing一直做某事 keep healthy保持健康 keep in good health保持健康 keep up with跟上 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事 keep off 防御 keep in touch with與保持聯(lián)系 kn

31、ock at=knock on敲knock into撞到某人身上learnby oneself 自學 learnfrom 向學習 learnby heart 記住leave for離開去某處leave sth. somewhere 把某物忘在某處leave school畢業(yè) leave one by oneself 把某人單獨留下 leave a message for sb.給某人留個口信 lead to導致 live on以為生 live a happy life 過著幸福的生活look after照看 look for 尋找look down on 藐視look up查找字詞等 look

32、 over檢查身體等 look forward to盼望look on as 把看作look at看 look like 看起來像 look around環(huán)顧 look out當心 look out of 向外面看look through 瀏覽look the same 看起來一樣look inside向里面看 laugh at嘲笑lose touch with與失去聯(lián)系let sb. in 讓某人進去lie dowm躺下make sb. feel at home使某人感到賓至如歸 make ones mind to do sth. 決心做某事make a face=make faces 做鬼

33、臉make money掙錢 make fool of sb.愚弄某人 make a journey旅行 make progress 取得進步make a countribution to為做貢獻 make a noise 吵鬧 make a fire 生火make a mistake 犯錯誤makeof由制作看出原材料makefrom由制作看不出原材料 make up編造，虛構，打扮，構成，組成make up of 由組成make a plan 定計劃make ones bed 整理床鋪make a report 編寫報告 make sure of確信make use of 利用make a

34、sentence with用造句 make a decision做出決定 make oneself understood 表達自己的意思 make a survey of 調(diào)查make preparation for 為做準備make friends with與交朋友make a living謀生 major in專修match with 把和搭配起來move to搬到 mistakefor把錯認為meet with 遇到困難、麻煩等mix up混合name sb./sth.X把某人/某物叫做Xorder sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事open up完全打開play footbal

35、l 踢足球play chess 下棋play cards打牌play bridge打橋牌 play the guitar 彈吉他play the violin彈小提琴 play sports 做運動play games 玩游戲play with 玩耍play jokes on sb.對某人開玩笑play the CD.播放play the music 播放音樂 play a part in在中扮演角色 play a role of 扮演的角色play against與比賽play hide-and-seek捉迷藏 pay for付款 pay attention to 注意pass by 路過

36、put on 穿上、上映put down 寫下put away把收拾起來 putinto 把放入里put up 舉起、張貼 put out 熄滅put off 推遲put back 放回prevent sb.fromdoing sth.阻止某人做某事 prefer to do rather than do與做另一件事相比更喜歡做某事 preferdoingsth. to doingsth. 與相比更喜歡point to 指向poin at 指著point out指出 practice doing sth.練習做某事 pick up 拾起，接人，站起，收聽run away 逃跑run after

37、 追趕run out of 用光、從里跑出來run over to 跑過去到 read sth. to sb. 把某物讀給某人聽 read sth. for sb. 替某人讀某物 receive a letter from 收到來信rain heavily 下大雨ride a bike騎自行車 rise up升起 raise money 籌集資金refer to涉及、提到 regard as把看作reach out 伸出手等send up發(fā)射 send an e-mail 發(fā)送電子郵件send for派人請sendfor派請send into 送入里send away驅逐 send off解雇

38、send out 發(fā)出，發(fā)出，派遣 shake hands with與握手 stickinto把插入里 stick doing sth.堅持做某事 stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事stare at 盯著 sell out買光 see a doctor 看醫(yī)生see sb. off為某人送行 see a film 看電影say goodbye to sb.向某人告別say hello to sb.向某人問好set up 豎立、建造set up ones mind on sth.全神貫注于set off 出發(fā)，動身，使爆炸，引起set out 出發(fā)，啟程，開始，著手

39、set an example for 為樹立榜樣speak of 講到speak highly of 稱頌search for 搜索，尋找start to do sth.著手做某事start with 以開始 spendtime/moneyon sth.= spendtime/moneyindoing sth.花費時間/金錢做某事 spend time with sb. 和某人呆在一起sortinto把劃分成 show sb. around somewhere領某人參觀某處show up 露面 stay in bed 呆在床上slow down減速 smile at對微笑 suit sb.適合

40、某人 sharewith 與分享stay up 熬夜stand for代表，象征 stand up起立 succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事 shut up關閉 shout to (為了讓人聽到)對喊shout at (因生氣等)向喊seem like 好像sweep the floor拖地step on 踐踏，踩 take a message for sb.給某人捎個信 take a bus乘工交車 take ones order按某人的順序 take a walk 散步take to把帶到去 take a shower淋浴take after 與相像take away 帶

41、走take the medicine 服藥take exercise鍛煉 take it easy不要緊 take ones temperature量某人的體溫 take off 起飛/脫下衣服、鞋帽等take a lesson/class 上課take a day off 休一天假take an exam 參加考試 takeout of 把從中取處來take a rest休息一下 take ones turn to do sth.按某人順序做某事 take part in 參加活動takeas an example拿當作例子 take over接管 take care of照顧、照看 tak

42、e in吸取，吸收 take up 占據(jù)空間、時間take the pride in 以而驕傲強調(diào)動作take place 發(fā)生不及物take the leading position占主導地位take a swimming course上游泳課 take a deep breath深呼吸 take the place of 代替take a photo of 照的相talk about談論talk with 與談話talk to對談話 turn leftright向左右轉turn up 調(diào)高音量等turn down調(diào)低音量等turn on打開電器、煤氣、水龍頭 turn off 關閉電器、煤

43、氣、水龍頭turn over翻開，翻轉turninto把變成 turn to 轉向 turn green 變綠think about考慮、思考 think of想起、想到 think over仔細考慮 think up想出（設計出、發(fā)明、編造）tell sb. about sth. 把某物的情況告訴某人tell a joke 講笑話tell a story 講故事try on 試穿try ones best to do sth. .盡力做某事thanks for感謝travel to 到旅行tieto把綁到上treat as把當作來對待trouble sb. to do sth. 麻煩某人做某

44、事throw away 扔掉translateinto把翻譯成urge sb. to do sth. 強烈要求某人做某事 use up用盡 used to do sth. 過去經(jīng)常做某事visit sb/somewhere看望某人/參觀某處wake up醒來、叫醒 welcome to歡迎到來wait for等待 wait in line 排隊等候write to 給寫信 write down記下 win the World Cup 贏得世界杯 win a prize獲獎 wear out穿壞wear glasses戴眼鏡 wipe off 擦去，拭去work out 解決問題、麻煩等work

45、 on從事 walk along/down 沿著走watch a game觀看比賽 warn sb. to do sth.告誡某人做某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事warn sb. against(doing) sth.告誡某人當心某事/不要做某事worry about 擔心中考英語近義動詞（詞組）辨析1. 辨析take；cost；spend；pay主語為人的有spend和pay；主語為物的有cost；主語常為“it”的有take.（1）spend多用人作主語，后接金錢或時間。spendon sth / (in)doing sth， 例如：I spent 15 yuan o

46、n this new book. （2）take常用于 "It takes sb. some time to do sth" 句型中，例如： It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day. （3）pay常與for連用，表“付給款”。例如：I paid 15 Yuan for this new book. （4）cost常用物作主語，表“價值或花費多少錢”，例如：This new book cost me 15 Yuan. 【例題】How much money did you in fixin

47、g your watch?A. cost B. pay C. spend 2. 辨析bring; take; get； carry （1）bring指將某物或某人從離說話人較遠處“拿來”或“帶來”，由遠及近。例如：Youd better finish you homework today and bring it to school tomorrow. May I bring Tom along?Bring the book to me, please. （2）take指將某物或某人從離說話人較近處“帶到”或“拿到” 離說話人較遠處，由近及遠。例如：Could you take th

48、e book to the classroom? I am busy now. （3）get指從說話人所在位置到別處把某物拿來。例如：Will you get that book for me? （4）carry不強調(diào)動作來去的方向，只說明動作方式，表示“背著、扛著、提著、載著”等含義。例如The buses and taxis are carry people here and there. The box is so heavy that the little boy cant carry it.【例題】I dont know where Wenchuan Country is. - Le

49、t me a map of China for you. A. take B. bring C. fetch D. carry 3. 辨析take part in；join take part in 指“參加某活動、比賽”。join 指“加入某組織或人群【例題】Many famous pop stars the charity show.A. join B. take part in C. took part in 4. 辨析put on；wear；dress ；input on 表“穿上”，強調(diào)穿衣的動作，后接衣服作賓語，代詞放中間。Here is your coat. Put it on,

50、 Lucy. He put on his new pair of sunglasses and went out.wear 表“穿著”，強調(diào)穿的狀態(tài)，后接衣服作賓語。-“What is she wearing?” - “Shes wearing a red hat and a blue jacket.”dress 表“給穿衣服”，賓語為人。My mother is dressing herself. My little brother is too young. Mom dresses him every morning.in 后多接衣服的顏色，表示“穿著顏色衣服的”。例如： The man

51、in black is my father.Have you seen a boy in a red sweater?【例題】Can you_ your little brother? Im busy now.- OK. Ill do it right now.A. wear B. put on C. dress D. in 5. 辨析have been to； have gone tohave been to 表“曾經(jīng)去過某地”（已經(jīng)回來了）。have gone to表“已經(jīng)去了某地”（還沒回）【例題】Maria is wanted on the telephone. Where is sh

52、e? - She _ the library. You can find her there. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has left D. will leave 6. 辨析tell; talk; say; speaktell表“告訴，講述”， 多為及物動詞，后面多接兩個賓語。 I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back tomorrow. Granny often tells me funny stories. The policeman told us not to play football in the st