UnitOutofStep綜合教程三PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1UnitOutofStep綜合教程三綜合教程三Watch the movie clip and answer the following questions.1. Where is the engine of the 911?Audiovisual SupplementCultural InformationIn the back of the car.The product and their manufacturing process are one unit. Automation, technology and skilled human labor combine to bu

2、ild the Porsche 911. And the factory runs like a precision machine.2. Whats the secret of success of that factory?第1頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information第2頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Narrator: A German factory builds one of the worlds most famous cars. The 911 is the icon of the sports car industry. Its the

3、shape, its the engine in the back, its the feel it gives you, its the emotion. The factory runs like a precision machine, building hundreds of engines a day. The product and our manufacturing process are one unit, and thats our secret of success. Automation, technology and skilled human labor combin

4、e to build 16 versions of the Porsche 911, including the 911 GT3.Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information第3頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Car culture has been a major niche lifestyle in America.In the 1950s, the post-war boom produced a generation of teenagers with enough income to buy their own cars. These cars became s

5、o much more than just modes of transportation. They were reflections of a lifestyle. The ability to tune and soup-up muscle cars gave average Joes the opportunity to show off their power, their speed and their style in a way that personified the car as character.1.2. Audiovisual SupplementCultural I

6、nformation第4頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)We dream of cars as we dream of lovers. Americans have always cherished personal freedom and mobility, rugged individualism and masculine force. 3.Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information4.5.6.Like Granny in Jan and Deans 1964 song “The Little Old Lady from Pasadena,” we cant ke

7、ep our foot off the accelerator.We are crazy about our cars and always have been. “The American,” William Faulkner lamented in 1948, “really loves nothing but his automobile.”第5頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Text AnalysisStructural Analysis “Out of Step” is an exposition that presents the absurdity of the Americans depende

8、nce on cars. The Americans, being so accustomed to using cars, have almost forgotten the existence of their legs. Wherever they go, they go in their cars. As a result, pedestrian facilities are neglected in city planning or rejected by the inhabitants.第6頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Text AnalysisStructural AnalysisParagra

9、phsMain idea1-67-13 14-20 The writer introduces his idea with an anecdote.In this part, the author presents the fact that the Americans are habituated to using cars for everything.In this part, the author shows that pedestrian facilities are neglected or discarded.第7頁(yè)/共163頁(yè) After living in England f

10、or 20 years, my wife and I decided to move back to the United States. We wanted to live in a town small enough that we could walk to the business district, and settled on Hanover, N.H., a typical New England town pleasant, sedate and compact. It has a broad central green surrounded by the venerable

11、buildings of Dartmouth College, an old-fashioned Main Street and leafy residential neighborhoods. It is, in short, an agreeable, easy place to go about ones business on foot, and yet as far as I can tell, virtually no one does.Bill BrysonOut of StepDetailed Reading12第8頁(yè)/共163頁(yè) Nearly every day, I wal

12、k to the post office or library or bookstore, and sometimes, if I am feeling particularly debonair, I stop at Rosey Jekes Caf for a cappuccino. Occasionally, in the evenings, my wife and I stroll up to the Nugget Theatre for a movie or to Murphys on the Green for a beer, I wouldnt dream of going to

13、any of these places by car. People have gotten used to my eccentric behavior, but in the early days acquaintances would often pull up to the curb and ask if I wanted a ride. “Im going your way,” they would insist when I politely declined. “Really, its no bother.”Detailed Reading34第9頁(yè)/共163頁(yè) “Honestly

14、, I enjoy walking.” “Well, if youre sure,” they would say and depart reluctantly, even guiltily, as if leaving the scene of an accident without giving their name. In the United States we have become so habituated to using the car for everything that it doesnt occur to us to unfurl our legs and see w

15、hat those lower limbs can do. We have reached an age where college students expect to drive between classes, where parents will drive three blocks to pick up their children from a friends house, where the letter carrier takes his van up and down every driveway on a street.Detailed Reading567第10頁(yè)/共16

16、3頁(yè) We will go through the most extraordinary contortions to save ourselves from walking. Sometimes its almost ludicrous. The other day I was waiting to bring home one of my children from a piano lesson when a car stopped outside a post office, and a man about my age popped out and dashed inside. He

17、was in the post office for about three or four minutes, and then came out, got in the car and drove exactly 16 feet (I had nothing better to do, so I paced it off) to the general store next door.Detailed Reading8第11頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed Reading And the thing is, this man looked really fit. Im sure he jogs

18、 extravagant distances and plays squash and does all kinds of healthful things, but I am just as sure that he drives to each of these undertakings. An acquaintance of ours was complaining the other day about the difficulty of finding a place to park outside the local gymnasium. She goes there severa

19、l times a week to walk on a treadmill. The gymnasium is, at most, a six-minute walk from her front door.910第12頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed Reading I asked her why she didnt walk to the gym and do six minutes less on the treadmill. She looked at me as if I were tragically simple-minded and said, “But I have a pro

20、gram for the treadmill. It records my distance and speed and calorie burn rate, and I can adjust it for degree of difficulty.” I confess it had not occurred to me how thoughtlessly deficient nature is in this regard.111213第13頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed Reading According to a concerned and faintly horrified 1997

21、 editorial in the Boston Globe, the United States spent less than one percent of its transportation budget on facilities for pedestrians. Actually, Im surprised it was that much. Go to almost any suburb developed in the last 30 years, and you will not find a sidewalk anywhere. Often you wont find a

22、single pedestrian crossing. I had this brought home to me one summer when we were driving across Maine and stopped for coffee in one of those endless zones of shopping malls, motels, gas stations and fast-food places. I noticed there was a bookstore across the street, so I decided to skip coffee and

23、 head over.1415第14頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed Reading Although the bookshop was no more than 70 or 80 feet away, I discovered that there was no way to cross on foot without dodging over six lanes of swiftly moving traffic. In the end, I had to get in our car and drive across. At the time, it seemed ridiculous a

24、nd exasperating, but afterward I realized that I was possibly the only person ever to have entertained the notion of negotiating that intersection on foot.1617第15頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed Reading The fact is, we not only dont walk anywhere anymore in this country, we wont walk anywhere, and woe to anyone who

25、tries to make us, as the city of Laconia, N.H., discovered. In the early 1970s, Laconia spent millions on a comprehensive urban renewal project, which included building a pedestrian mall to make shopping more pleasant. Esthetically it was a triumph urban planners came from all over to coo and take p

26、hotos but commercially it was a disaster. Forced to walk one whole block from a parking garage, shoppers abandoned downtown Laconia for suburban malls.18第16頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed Reading In 1994 Laconia dug up its pretty paving blocks, took away the tubs of geraniums and decorative trees, and brought back

27、the cars. Now people can park right in front of the stores again, and downtown Laconia thrives anew. And if that isnt sad. I dont know what is.1920第17頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)What kind of town is it?It is a small, pleasant and agreeable town. The inhabitants are friendly and willing to help. But although the town is

28、compact, few people go about on foot. Detailed Reading第18頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1-QuesionWhat is considered the authors “eccentric behavior”? Instead of riding a car, the author walks around the city, doing his shopping, going to the movies or visiting the caf or bar. To people who are used to going

29、 everywhere in a car, he is an eccentric. Detailed Reading第19頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1-QuesionWhy would drivers “depart reluctantly, even guiltily” when their offer was declined? With cars becoming the basic essentials of their life, people are so habituated to using the car for everything. The scene

30、 of somebody walking around seemed so unusual to them that they would naturally show their concern to him. When their offer to give him a ride was declined, they were sorry for not being able to help him out. Detailed Reading第20頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1-QuesionWhy did the author say “Actually, Im sur

31、prised it was that much”?When the author found that the newly planned suburbs totally overlooked pedestrian needs, he assumed there was no budget for pedestrian facilities at all. So he says he was surprised to learn that there actually was less than one percent of budget on it. Here the author writ

32、es with a touch of irony. Detailed Reading第21頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1-QuesionWhy did Laconia change its downtown pedestrian mall to one with parking lots? Although the pedestrian mall was well decorated, shoppers were unwilling to walk to the stores from a parking garage. As a result, it was a comme

33、rcial failure. The government had to compromise with the public preference.Detailed Reading第22頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Class ActivityGroup discussion: What does the title mean?With the use of this title, the writer seems to suggest Detailed Readingpeople no longer walk in America;the few people who do walk seem to be

34、 old-fashioned and “eccentric”. 第23頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)sedate a. calm, serious and formale.g. She is a sedate old lady; she is caring but never talks much.The fight against a nuclear power station site has transformed a normally sedate town into a battlefield.Derivation:sedately (ad.), sedation (n.), sedative (a

35、., n.)v. make calm or sleepy, esp. with a druge.g. The patient was heavily sedated and resting quietly in bed.Detailed Reading第24頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)eccentric a. (of people or behavior) unconventional and slightly strangee.g. The old gentleman, who lived alone all his life, was said to have some eccentric habits

36、.n. a person of unconventional and slightly strange views or behaviore.g. The old gentleman enjoyed a colorful reputation as an engaging eccentric.Detailed Reading第25頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)curb n. (British English: kerb) a line of raised stones separating the footpath from the roadv. / n. (place) a control or limit

37、 on sth. undesirable e.g.Poor nutrition can curb a childs development both physically and mentally.There will be curbs on drunk-driving from next month.Detailed Reading第26頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1- habituate v. accustom by frequent repetition or prolonged exposuree.g. You must habituate yourself to r

38、eading aloud.By the end of the school term, the students had been habituated / accustomed / used to rising at five oclock.Detailed Reading第27頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 contortion n. a twisted position or movement that looks surprising or strangee.g. The spectators cannot but admire the contortions of

39、the gymnasts.Derivation: contort (v.) cause sth. to twist out of its natural shape and looks strange or unttractiveDetailed Reading第28頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)The human understanding is like a false mirror, which, receiving rays irregularly distorts and discolors the nature of things by mingling its own nature with i

40、t. (Francis Bacon). Detailed reading1 e.g.Comparison: distort, twist, deform, contort, warpThese verbs mean to change and spoil the form or character of sth.To distort is to alter in shape, as by torsion or wrenching; the term also applies to verbal or pictorial misrepresentation and to alteration o

41、r perversion of the meaning of sth. distort:Detailed Reading第29頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Great erosion deformed the landscape. The earlier part of his discourse was deformed by pedantic divisions and subdivisions. Detailed reading1 a mouth twisted with pain He accused me of twisting his words to mean what I wanted the

42、m to. e.g.Comparison: twist: Twist applies to distortion of form or meaning. e.g.deform: If you deform sth., or if it deforms, its usual shape changes so that its usefulness or appearance is spoiled.Detailed Reading第30頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)The floorboards had warped over the years.e.g.Detailed reading1 a face cont

43、orted with ragea contorted line of reasoninge.g.Comparison: contort: If you contort sth., or if it contorts, it twists out of its normal shape and looks strange or unattractive.warp: Warp can refer to a turning or twisting from a flat or straight form.Detailed ReadingIt also can imply influencing sb

44、. in a way that has a harmful effect on how they think or behave.Prejudice warps the judgment.e.g.第31頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 bring sth. bring sth. home to sb.make sb. realize sth.e.g.The professor drove home to them that they must finish the writing assignment by Friday.Comparison: drive sth. home

45、to sb., hit / strike homedrive sth. home to sb.: make sb. realize sth., esp. by saying it often, loudly, angrily, etc.e.g. The news report has brought home to us all the plight of the prisoners of war.Detailed Reading第32頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 bring sth. e.g.You could see from his expression that h

46、er sarcastic comments had hit / stricken home.Comparison: hit / strike home: (of remarks, etc.) have the intended (often painful) effectDetailed Reading第33頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1- entertain v. consider an idea, etc. or allow yourself to think that sth. might happen or be truee.g.He refused to enter

47、tain our proposal. entertain ideas, doubts, etc. Detailed Reading第34頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 negotiatenegotiate v. get over or past (an obstacle, etc.) successfully; manage to travel along a difficult routee.g.The only way to negotiate the path is on foot.Frank Mariano negotiates the dessert terrain

48、 in his battered pickup. Detailed Reading第35頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 negotiate那攀登者得攀越一陡峭巖石。那攀登者得攀越一陡峭巖石。 那馬輕易跳過(guò)了柵欄。那馬輕易跳過(guò)了柵欄。 Practice:The climber had to negotiate a steep rock face. The horse negotiated the fence with ease. Detailed Reading第36頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)coo v. speak in a soft, gentle, and loving way, e

49、sp. when expressing surprisee.g.“How wonderful to see you again, darling,” she cooed.The little girl is always cooing over those parrots of hers.Detailed Reading第37頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)anew adv. (fml.) again or one more time, esp. in a different waye.g.The scientists started the experiment anew.The film tells ane

50、w the story of her rise to stardom.Detailed Reading第38頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 In the In the United States we have become so habituated to using the car for everything that it doesnt occur to us to unfurl our legs and see what those lower limbs can do.Paraphrase: People in the United States tend to

51、drive for basically every purpose, so much so that they have forgotten that they still have legs and about what their legs can do.Detailed Reading第39頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 I confess I confess it had not occurred to me how thoughtlessly deficient nature is in this regard. Paraphrase: I admit that I

52、 have never realized I had been so stupid.Detailed Reading第40頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Detailed reading1 I was I was possibly the only person ever to have entertained the notion of negotiating that intersection on foot. Paraphrase: I was likely to be the only person who had ever attempted to cross that intersection on

53、 foot.Detailed Reading第41頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities- Word DerivationPhrase PracticeSynonym / AntonymVocabularyTranslation Integrated SkillsOral ActivitiesWritingGrammar第42頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities-1) agree v. agreeable a. agreement n.VocabularyTranslation Integrated SkillsOral ActivitiesW

54、ritingGrammarI agree with his analysis of the situation.我同意他對(duì)情況的分析。我同意他對(duì)情況的分析。 I found him most agreeable. 我覺(jué)得他極易相處。我覺(jué)得他極易相處。An agreement with the employers was finally worked out.與雇主們的協(xié)議終于達(dá)成了。與雇主們的協(xié)議終于達(dá)成了。e.g.第43頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities-VocabularyTranslation Integrated SkillsOral ActivitiesW

55、ritingGrammar2) eccentric a./n. eccentricity n. The club seemed to be full of eccentrics.這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部里好像都是怪人。這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部里好像都是怪人。One of his eccentricities is sleeping under the bed instead of on it.他的怪僻之一是睡覺(jué)睡在床底下而不睡在床上。他的怪僻之一是睡覺(jué)睡在床底下而不睡在床上。e.g.第44頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities-VocabularyTranslation Integrated Sk

56、illsOral ActivitiesWritingGrammar3) acquaint v. acquaintance n. acquainted a.The lawyer acquainted himself with the details of his clients business affairs. 那位律師了解委托人生意上的詳情。那位律師了解委托人生意上的詳情。He has a wide circle of acquaintances. 他交友甚廣。他交友甚廣。Are you acquainted with the works of Shakespeare? 你對(duì)莎士比亞的作品熟

57、悉嗎你對(duì)莎士比亞的作品熟悉嗎? ?e.g.第45頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities-VocabularyTranslation Integrated SkillsOral ActivitiesWritingGrammar4) ridicule v. / n. ridiculous a.The opposition ridiculed the governments proposals, saying they offered nothing new.反對(duì)派揶揄政府的建議，把它的說(shuō)成是老調(diào)重彈。反對(duì)派揶揄政府的建議，把它的說(shuō)成是老調(diào)重彈。You look ridicu

58、lous in those tight jeans.你穿上那緊身牛仔褲樣子真可笑。你穿上那緊身牛仔褲樣子真可笑。e.g.第46頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities-VocabularyTranslation Integrated SkillsOral ActivitiesWritingGrammar5) triumph n. triumphant a. triumphal a.The winning team returned home in triumph.獲勝的隊(duì)奏凱而歸。獲勝的隊(duì)奏凱而歸。a triumphant cheer 勝利的歡呼聲勝利的歡呼聲a triu

59、mphal arch凱旋門凱旋門e.g.第47頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities-VocabularyTranslation Integrated SkillsOral ActivitiesWritingGrammar6) deficient a. deficiency n.Our knowledge of the matter is deficient. 我們對(duì)此事了解不足。我們對(duì)此事了解不足。Deficiency in vitamins / Vitamin deficiency can lead to illness. 身體缺乏維生素就會(huì)生病。身體缺乏維生素就會(huì)

60、生病。e.g.第48頁(yè)/共163頁(yè)Consolidation Activities-VocabularyTranslation Integrated SkillsOral ActivitiesWritingGrammar7) woe n. woeful a. woefully ad.She told him all her woes.她把自己的不幸遭遇都告訴他。她把自己的不幸遭遇都告訴他。woeful ignorance 可悲的無(wú)知可悲的無(wú)知 The preparations were woefully inadequate.準(zhǔn)備工作未免太不夠了。準(zhǔn)備工作未免太不夠了。e.g.第49頁(yè)/共16