2020年高考英語模擬試題及答案(二十)

1、2020 年高考英語模擬試題及答案（二十）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分）第一節(jié) （共 15 小題；每小題2 分，滿分30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、 B、 C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACamp Ballibay for Fine & Performing ArtsCamp Ballibay is a summer arts camp that offers engaging programs in theater, art, dance, rock, and media for young artists at all levels.Three hours

2、 from New York City, on a beautiful Pennsylvania mountaintop, is the summer camp for creative, independent-minded kids.With never more than 160 kids, and always at least 40 adults, it s an ideal community for fun and learning: warm, diverse? and accepting.80% of the kids come for more than one summe

3、r, and 25% of the camp community has been coming for more than 5 years.We offer 3 & 4 week general programs, where teens design their own programdays, choosing from any and all of our activities. We also have 2 & 3 week programswith a visual arts focus, 2 week rock music camps, and 2 week in

4、tensive dance programs.Q & AWhat type of teen attends your program?We provide a warm and safe space for a lot of special kids whodon t necessarilyhave an easy time finding their “ group ” ,b ecause they are young artists, different thinkers, free spirits, super-shy, etc. When the right kids come

5、 to Ballibay, they knowthey are amongtheir people, often within minutes of arriving ocanmpus.What is special about your program?Ballibay is a unique environment for personal and artistic growth. We believestrongly in non-competition. There are no contests, no awards, no pressure to do orto be anythi

6、ng or anyone in particular. We attract the artist, and the different thinker.1. How many of the teens have come to Camp Ballibay before?A. Half of them.B. Most of them.C. 75% of them.D. A quarter of them.2. What can the teens who attend general programs do?A. They can choose either visual arts or da

7、nce programs.B. They can stay for two weeks learning everything.C. They can decide for themselves what they want.D. They can design anything based on their interests.3. According to Q&A, which of the following best describes CampBallibay?A. A friendly atmosphere with no pressure.B. An attractive

8、 place with many challenges.C. A competitive environment for artistic growth.D. A unique summer camp for exploration of arts.文章大意：這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了巴利拜營地，它的特點以及課程。這是一個歡迎任何能力階段的孩子的夏令營，并且提供可以供孩子們自主選擇的課程。1.B 細 節(jié) 理 解 題 。 根 據(jù) 文 章 第 四 段 中 80 of the kids come for more than onesummer（80% 的孩子不止一個夏天來這里）可知，大多數(shù)孩子之前都

9、來過巴利拜營地。故選B2. C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中we offer3 4 week general programs,where teensdesign their own program days,choosing from any and all of ouractivities（我們提供3周和 4 周的普通課程，青少年可以在其中設(shè)計自己的課程日，從我們的任何和所有活動中進行選擇 ）可知，他們可以選擇自己想要的課程。故選C。3. A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中We provide a warm and safe space for a lot ofspecial kids

10、（ 我們?yōu)樵S多特殊的孩子提供了一個溫暖安全的空間）以及文章最后一段中Ballibay is a unique environment for personal and artistic growth. We believe strongly in non-competition. There are no contests, no awards, no pressure to do orto be anything or anyone in particular （ Ballibay 是一個獨特的個人和藝術(shù)成長的環(huán)境。我們堅信不競爭。沒有競賽，沒有獎勵，沒有壓力去做或成為任何特別的人或事）由此

11、判斷出，CampBallibay 沒有壓力，且氛圍友好。故選A。BHe really did look like a tourist,with a camera around his neck and a bottle ofsunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace（ 平 臺 ） ，sipping lemonade and pretendingto look at a tourism brochure. His sunglassesmasked his eyes, but I knew he w

12、asn't looking at the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes. As I brought him his dishes, he coughed up a "thankyou" and looked at me briefly. I tried not to stare at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow.I walked back inside with my empty tray, shaking my head.

13、 He looked familiar, butI couldn't quite place him. Then it hit me. The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded. I rushed back to his table. He was gone.you. The night oI moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card： I am deeply

14、 grateful toyour car accident, I was on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things back in a right way. I now live an honest life, thanks to you.God bless you! Mr. D.I shivered （震顫）.The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in anillegal dance club. Seeing human

15、 kindness through his heroic gesture turned my lifearound and brought faith back into my life. I unfolded the tip he left. Among the singles was a grand （千塊）with a pen mark underlining “ In God We Trust. ”Isaida silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.4. Why did the fat man look like a t

16、ourist?A. Because he used money not the same as the locals.B. Because he carried what tourists usually have on.C. Because he doesn't look like a native citizen.D. Because he ordered strange food and drinks.5. How did the writer knew the man didn't read the brochure?A. He was drinking all the

17、 time.B. He sat still with his sunglasses.C. The page remained unturned.D. He was staring at the writer.6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. They kept in touch with each other since then.B. The writer had been searching for the man.C. The man became a rich man years later.D. The writer di

18、dn't go to that interview.7. What is their attitude towards each other?B. Grateful.A. Sympathetic.C. Worried.D. Trusty.文章大意：本文為記敘文。一個要去搶劫的陌生人在車禍中救了作者的命，改變了雙方的生活，讓這個要搶劫的人恢復(fù)正常的生活，讓作者看到了人性的善良，重拾生活的信心。后來兩人在作者工作的地方重遇，他給作者留下小費和卡片來感謝作者，作者也為他祈禱。1 .B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“reallyH edid look like a tourist, with a c

19、amera around hisneck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on theterrace （平臺） ， sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure. ” 他看起來真的像個游客，脖子上掛著相機，包里還帶著一瓶防曬霜。胖子坐在露臺上，喝著檸檬水，假裝在看旅游手冊。由此可知，胖子帶著旅客常帶的東西，故選B。5 .C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“he hadn't turned a page

20、 for the last ten minutes . ” 他已經(jīng)十分鐘沒有翻頁了?？芍羌傺b在看宣傳冊。故選C。6 .D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped meout of my crashed car, just before it exploded . ”可知， 那個神秘的陌生人在我的車爆炸前幫我從撞壞的車中出來。最后一段“night oTf hmey car accident, I was heading for aninterview in an illegal dance club ”

21、 車禍發(fā)生的那天晚上，我正要去一家非法舞蹈俱樂部參加面試。由此可推斷出作者去面試前發(fā)生車禍而沒有去面試。故選D。7 .B 推理判斷題。第三段“I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card ： I amdeeply grateful to you. T. thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D . ”可知，我移了他的盤子，發(fā)現(xiàn)了他給的小費，還有一張卡片：“我非常感激你。愿上帝保佑你！ D 先生”。第四段“Thenight of my car accident, I was heading for a

22、n interview in an illegal dance club.Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around andbrought faith back into my life. I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work,smiling .車禍當晚，我正前往一家非法舞蹈俱樂部接受面試。他的英雄行為讓我看到了人性的善良，使我的生活發(fā)生了變化，并使我對生活重挫拾信心。.我默默地為他祈禱，由此可知，.這個人救了作者的命并讓其對生活重

23、拾信心，作者為此感謝他。由此可推斷出他們想互感激。故選B。CAfrican penguins (Spheniscus demersus) bear the unfortunate nickname“ jackasspenguins ” because they communicate through honking, donkey-like sounds. Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggests that their jackass language act actually follows the same basic rule

24、s as ours.In the study published in the journal Biology Letters, researchers recorded nearly 600 vocalizations ( 發(fā) 聲 ) from 28 adult male penguins living in Italian zoos. (Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period, which is why the researchers turned to this population.) The scientists k

25、new from previous research that African penguins bonk using three distinct types of sound, similar to human syllables (音 節(jié) ), whengreeting one another, mating, or defending territory. But the researchers wanted to know w hether those “ syllables ” followed two common linguistic () rules. 語言學的One of

26、those rules, called Zipf s law in short, was proposed in 1945 by the linguistGeorge Zipf. The law states that the more frequently a word is used in any language, the shorter it t ends to be (think of words like“ the, ”“ to ” and “ of ” in EPrevious studies have analyzed more than 1,000 world languag

27、es for evidence of Zipf s 1aw and the rule holds up in all of them.The other rule, known as the Menzerath-Altmann law, says that the longer a word or phrase is, the shorter its component syllables are, while shorter words are morelikely to have longer syllables. The wordonomatopoeia , ” for example,

28、 is made of sixvery short syllables, while “ couch ” is made of one longer one. Previous studies have shown that nonhuman primates （ 靈長類動物） follow both these rules when theycommunicate with each other but what about jackasspenguins?The researchers in the new study found that, yes, the songs of the m

29、ale jackass penguin conform to both Zipf as nd Menzerath- Altmann s laws. The shortest calls tended to be the most common, and the longest phrases were made up of the shortest syllables. This jackass study provided the first nonprimate evidence that these common linguistic patterns extend into the a

30、nimal kingdom, the authors wrote, and that s nothing to hem and haw at.8. Why did the researchers choose adult male jackass penguins?A. They can vocalize different kinds of sounds.B. They are more accessible than other penguins.C. They communicate with each other through honking.D. They make sounds

31、frequently during the mating period.9. What does the author try to express by mentioning the wordsand“ the“ of ” inEnglish?A. George Zipf s idea riesasonable.B. These words are extremely simple.C. Previous studies ate very meaningful.means?D. English is quite similar to other languages.A. Egg and fo

32、od.10. Which of the following fully explains what the Menzerath-Altmann lawB. Contradictory and shout.C. Learn and earn.D. Discrimination and prescription.11. What conclusion has the new study made?A. Many languages follow the same linguistic rules.B. How Jackass penguins communicate wi1h each other

33、.C. Jackass penguins obey linguistic rules similar to those of humans.D. ZipF s law and Menzerath Alumann law are commonly applied rules.文章大意：本文是說明文。文章講述了非洲企鵝遵守與人類相似的語言規(guī)則。8 .D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period,which is why the researchers turned to this population.（雄

34、性在交配期間往往會發(fā)出很多聲音，這就是為什么研究人員轉(zhuǎn)向這個種群）可知，在交配期間，雄性經(jīng)常會發(fā)出聲音，這就是研究人員選擇成年雄性企鵝的原因。故選D 。9 .A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的The law states that the more frequently a word is usedin any language, the shorter it tends to be （think of words like“ the, ”“toan” d “ of ”in English）. Previous studies have analyzed more than 1,000 world

35、 languages forevidence of Zipf s law and the rule holds up in all of them. 可知，定律表明，一個詞在任何語言中使用的頻率越高，它的長度就越短（比如英語中的“the ” 、 “ to”和“ of ”） 。之前的研究分析了超過1000 種世界語言，以尋找齊普夫定律的證據(jù)，而這一定律在所有語言中都成立。由此可知，作者提及英語中的“the ” ， “to”和“ of”的目的是要表達 George Zipf 的想法是合理的。故選A。10 .B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的The other rule, known as the Me

36、nzerath-Altmann law,says that the longer a word or phrase is, the shorter its component syllables are, whileshorter words are more likely to have longer syllables. The word “ onomatopoeia, ” for 可知， Menzerath-Altmann 定律的內(nèi)容是：一個單詞或短語越長，組成它的每一個音節(jié)越短，example, is made of six very short syllables,while “ c

37、ouch i”s made of one longer one.而較短的詞更可能擁有較長的音節(jié)。例如，“擬聲詞”一詞由六個非常短的音節(jié)組成，而“沙發(fā)”由一個較長的音節(jié)組成。結(jié)合選項可知，contradictory 和 shout 這兩個詞能夠解釋該定律。故選B。11. C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggeststhat their jackass language act actually follows the same basic rules as ours.可知，你可以嘲笑它們，但一項新的研究表明，

38、它們愚蠢的語言行為實際上遵循著與我們相同的基本規(guī)則。由此可知，一項新的研究表明，非洲企鵝遵循與人類相似的語言規(guī)則。故選C。DFor two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many outstanding figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians.On Nov 21, 2019, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-humanguest.Designed b

39、y IBM, Project Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) toform a spoken argument. It can even listen to and answer opposing statements, much like a real person.Speaking with a voice similar to Siri, Project Debater uses AI to search journals, newspapers and other information sourc

40、es. It then filters out useless information, picks the strongest arguments, and arranges them into a persuasive argument.In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: AI will do more harm than goodin the long term. According to IBM, it is the first machine that can debate complicated topics wit

41、h humans.Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives ofAI were submitted to the IBM website. The machine then analyzed these sourcesand formed the basis of its argumentsin minutes.Project Debater then showed offits AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.Over a fo

42、ur-minute speech, it argued first that, “ AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to solve, while humans can be programmed for all situations. ”In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and“more efficie ncy ” to the workplace.According to New Scientist, on both oc

43、casions, Project Debater repeated points and didn t always sufficiently support them.Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project s lead engisaid, “ The AI is not perfect, but it s going in the right direction.12. What can we learn about the University of Cambridge debating society?A.

44、 It has hosted many debating parties for centuries.B. It designed Project Debater with IBM.C. It has invited many famous hosts to join it.D. It has never hosted a non-human guest before.13. What do we know about Project Debater?A. In the Cambridge test debate, it argued for both sides.B. AI helps it

45、 to find the useful information sources.C. Before the debate the arguments were submitted toit.D. It would create many new jobs in the future.14. What s the probable purpose of debate?A. To find out how AI works.B. To create a debating machine.C. To do an experiment about AI.D. To prove AI is better

46、 than humans.15. How does Noam Slonim feel about AI?A. Worried.B. Hopeful.C. Doubtful. D. Nervous.文章大意：本文是新聞報道。由IBM 設(shè)計的機器人Project Debater 使用人工智能進行辯論。在測試辯論賽中，該機器人就辯題“人工智能是否最終弊大于利”代表正方兩方進行辯論。該項目的首席工程師Noam Slonim 表示“人工智能并不完美，但它的方向是正確的?！?2 .D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Nov On2 1, 2019, the Cambridge Union host ed its

47、first-ever non- human guest. ”可知，劍橋辯論學會迎來了首位非人類嘉賓，也就是說劍橋辯論學會第一次用機器人進行辯論。所以劍橋大學辯論協(xié)會從來沒有接待過非人類的客人。故選 D 項。13 .A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing forboth sides of the debate. 可知，在辯論測試賽中，機器人為正反兩方進行辯論。故選A項。14 .C 推理判斷題。在劍橋測試辯論賽上，機器人Project Debater 使用人工智能進行辯論，并且還陳述正方兩方的觀點。該項目的首席工

48、程師Noam Slonim 評論說“人工智能并不完美，但它的方向是正確的?！币虼丝梢酝茢啵@次測試辯論賽的目的是就人工智能進行辯論而進行的一次實驗。故選C 項。15 .B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Noam Slonim 所說的話“The AI is not perfect, but its going in the right direction ” ， Noam Slonim 認為雖然人工智能并不完美，但對它進行研究的方向是正確的。因此可以推斷，Noam Slonim 認為對人工智能的研究是充滿希望的。故選B項。第二節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題2 分，滿分10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選

49、項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選 項。For many, holiday celebrations mean large meals shared with family and friends, but such feasts can generate huge amounts of food waste, harming the environment and overusing natural resources unless mindful merrymakers take steps to control the amount. 16.Be mindful of

50、what you already haveTry keeping food in glass jars. Using this method, you can make all the food in your kitchen visible, easily remembered and consumed. 17. . Nothing gets lost in the back of a shelf.18.Stick to a planned holiday menu before heading to the grocery store. A clear idea of who will b

51、e gathered and exactly how much food to prepare will save a lot of tossing out later. Be mindfulnot just of how much to purchase, but the itemsthemselves.Use leftovers wiselyIt may be impossible to get everyone into the clean plate club. 19. Freeze and repurpose leftovers by using them as basic ingr

52、edients for other recipes or send extras home with guests.Keep track of the scraps （殘羹）Along with turkey bones, use holiday scraps such as vegetables, meat and fish bones to make soup. For pet-safe dishes, allow your dog to clean plates before putting them in the dishwasher.Consider composting （堆肥）2

53、0. . These materials can be composted, which will keep them out of landfills, where they take up space and release methane, a potent greenhouse gas.A. Shop smartB. Plan a menuC. That doesn't mean leftover food has to go wasteD. Some of your family or guests may not like the foodE. Following are

54、some tips on reducing food waste duringholidaysF. Organize your dry food on one row and use refrigeratordrawersG. Food scraps and yard waste make up more than 28 percent of waste文章大意：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了減少節(jié)日期間食物浪費的幾點建議。16 .E 空前說對許多人來說，節(jié)日慶祝意味著與家人和朋友共享大餐，但這樣的盛宴可能會造成大量的食物浪費，下文又介紹了減少食物浪費的建議，此處需要一個承上啟下的過渡句，既要對應(yīng)上

55、文提到的食物浪費話題，又要引出下文介紹的幾點建議，故E 項（以下是一些減少節(jié)日期間食物浪費的建議）符合語境。17 .F 空前說試著把食物放在玻璃罐里，使用這種方法，你可以使廚房里的所有食物都看得見，容易記住和食用，此處承接上文，講的還是關(guān)于如何擺放食物的話題，故F 項（把你的干糧放在一排，還要使用冰箱的抽屜）符合語境。18 .A 根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容，特別是根據(jù)第一句可知，在去雜貨店之前，堅持按照計劃的假日菜單（買東西） ，因此本段主要講的是要聰明地購物，故A 項（聰明地購物）符合語境。19 .C 空后說把剩菜冷凍起來以后用作其他菜的基本原料，或者把多余的食物送回家，因此此處是說剩飯剩菜不一定非要浪費

56、掉，還可以再利用，故C 項（這并不意味著吃剩的食物要被 浪費掉）符合語境。20 .G 空后說這些材料可以堆肥，這將使它們遠離垃圾填埋場，因此此處應(yīng)該會提到垃圾，空后的 These materials 指代的就是G 項中的 Food scraps and yard waste ，故 G 項（食物殘渣和院子里的垃圾占了垃圾總量的28% ）符合語境。第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45 分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分30 分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、 B、 C 和 D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。There are certain things

57、 you never imagine yourself saying. "I just got a worm（蟲子） in my eye! ” is one of them. And yet I did say it-I screamed it,21.The family was all here and we were in the garden, when I saw a worm nearby. Iasked my six-year-old grandson to come over and 22 the worm. He 23the worm, studied it quickly and then threw it into the 24.The worm quickly fell back to earth, 25 on my face against my left eyelid（眼皮）. That s when the screaming started and the jumping up and down. You knowhow they say when you meet a s