新版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第四單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納(共10頁)

1、新版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第四單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?Why dont you talk to your parents? 你為什么不和你打父母談?wù)勀?？【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 為什么不.呢？【拓展】用于提建議的句型有：(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth?  .怎么樣？(2)Why dont you do sth?= Why not do sth? 為什么不呢？(3)Lets do sth.讓我們

2、一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我們做好嗎？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(6) Will/Would you please do sth 請(qǐng)你做好嗎？(7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事嗎？(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事嗎？【回答】(1). 同意對(duì)方的建議時(shí)，一般用：  Good idea./ Thats good idea. 好主意     OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行

3、/太好了  Yes, please ./ Id love to 是的/ 我愿意       I agree with you 我同意你的看法  No problem 沒問題                     Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 當(dāng)然可以 Yes, I thin

4、k so 對(duì)，我也這樣想(2).對(duì)對(duì)方的幫助或要求表示委婉謝絕時(shí)，一般用：  I dont think so 我認(rèn)為不是這樣      Sorry, I cant 對(duì)不起，我不能 Id love to, but                      Im afraid我愿意，但恐怕 I have

5、 to study too much so I dont get enough sleep.   我要學(xué)的太多，因此我睡眠不足?！窘馕?】(1)too many + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 許多  too many people  (2)too much +不可數(shù)名詞 許多 too much homework (3)much  too +形容詞  太  much too cold【解析2】so  conj. 因此  (表示因果關(guān)系，后面跟表示結(jié)果的句子，不與because同時(shí)使用）My parent

6、s dont allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允許我和我的朋友們出去閑逛。【解析】allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事 【拓展】allow  v 允許allow doing sth 允許做某事       They dont allow smoking.allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事We dont all

7、ow _(smoke) in the reading room.Our teacher allows us _(go) out for a walk.The boy should be allowed_(play) after supper.We wont allow _in the cinema .But you are allowed _in the rest room.(smoke)Teenagers should _ (allow) to choose their own clothes.【拓展】allow與let的辨析：allow指“允許”，表示“默許，聽任，不加阻止”，allow

8、sb to do sth允許某人做某事。Let指“讓”，let sb do sth讓某人做某事，語意較弱，多用于口語中，let不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。4. Whats wrong? 怎么啦？【解析】Whats wrong( with sb./ sth) （某人/物） 怎么了？Im really tried because I studied until midnight last night. 我真的很累，因?yàn)槲易蛱焱砩弦恢睂W(xué)習(xí)到半夜?！窘馕觥縰ntil 直到.時(shí)Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你為什么不早點(diǎn)睡覺呢？【解析】go t

9、o sleep 去睡覺 (強(qiáng)調(diào)“入睡，睡著”這一動(dòng)作）7. You look sad, Kim. 金，你看起來很傷心?！窘馕觥縧ook 看起來 （系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作賓語）【拓展】：系動(dòng)詞：后跟adj. 作表語一是：（be） am /is /are  be quiet=keep quiet 保持安靜二保持：stay/keep （表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)）    stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康三變化：become/get/turn  （表示狀態(tài)變化）五起來：sound/look/smell/taste/feel （表示感覺）(&

10、#160;   )Jack usually gets _ when he speaks in public.  A. happily   B. exciting   C. worried   D. tired(    ) Toms father looks very _. But he is very kind.  A. seriously    B. serious   C. friendly You _

11、 call him up. 你_ 給他打電話。【解析】call up (v + adv)    call on 拜訪；號(hào)召    I call up my parents every Sunday.9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.  哦，昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我妹妹翻了我的東西?！窘馕?】find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the cl

12、ass.類似動(dòng)詞：hear，watch, see, feel【解析2】look through 瀏覽【拓展】與look相關(guān)的短語：look for          look after=take care of    look like         look the same   look over      &

13、#160; look through look out         look up    look around      look forward to 10. Yes, but Im still angry with her. 是的，但是我仍然很生她的氣?！窘馕觥縝e angry with sb. 生某人的氣【拓展】angry adj. 生氣的 angrily adv. 生氣地(1)be angry with

14、 sb. =be mad at sb. 對(duì)某人生氣【with后接人】(2)be angry at/about sth對(duì)某事感到生氣 【at后接事】 (3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生氣【記】 My father was very _(對(duì)生氣)his computer. He hit the computer _(angry)(    ) Why are you unhappy, Kate?  I didnt finish my homework again. Im afraid Miss Gao will be _ me.

15、     A. angry with    B. friendly to    C. proud of (    ) I was very angry _ myself _ making such as a stupid mistakes.     A. at; at        B. with; for   

16、60; C. at; with    D. with; at 11.Although shes wrong, Its not a big deal. 盡管她錯(cuò)了，但也不是什么大錯(cuò)?！窘馕?】although= though 盡管 , 用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句?！咀ⅰ縯hough / although 不能與but連用【拓展】although/however辨析although conj，“雖然；即使；縱然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)放在主句前后都可。Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他雖然年紀(jì)大了，但身

17、體還很健壯。 however adv，在句中作插入語，起一個(gè)連詞的作用，一般用逗號(hào)與句子分開，可以放在句首或句中，意為“然而，盡管如此”。Its raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。盡管如此，我認(rèn)為我們還應(yīng)該出去。【解析2】Its not a big deal. 沒什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口語中）You left your homework at home. 你把作業(yè)忘在家里了。【解析】leave v 遺忘，留下 leave sth . somewhere把某物忘在某地    leav

18、e sb. by oneself 把某人單獨(dú)留下12. Hope things work out. 希望事情順利解決?！窘馕?】hope v 希望  hope to do sth     I hope to visit Guilin.  hope + that 從句 （表示希望）  I hope that youll be better soonwish v 希望   wish to do sth     I wish to visit Guilin.&#

19、160;wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.wish +that 從句   表示愿望，從句用虛擬語氣   I wish I were you.【解析2】work out 解決；成功地發(fā)展，后跟fine,well, badly等詞，表明產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果如何。 13.My problem is I cant get on with my favorite. 我的問題是我不能喝我的家人和睦相處?！窘馕觥縢et on with sb. 和某人和睦相處；和某人關(guān)系良好 =get along with 

20、   get on well/ badly with 相處的好/壞14.When they argue, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.當(dāng)他們爭吵的時(shí)候，就像有一大團(tuán)烏云籠罩在我們家?！窘馕?】argue 爭吵argument n 爭論  have an argument with sb.與某人辯論argue with sb. 與某人爭吵   argue with sb. about sth 為某事與某人爭吵  argue about sth 爭論某事argue a

21、gainst 爭辯；反對(duì) He argued against the plan【解析2】 hang over  掛在.之上； 懸浮在.之上  hang out 閑逛；常去某處  He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.  hang on to 緊緊抓住 Youd better hang on to me in the crowd.hang up 掛電話；懸掛  After she finished her conversation15.Also, my elder

22、 brother is not very nice to me.【解析】elder adj.年紀(jì)較長的  His elder brother is ill.elder 用來表示兄弟姐妹及子女之間的長幼關(guān)系，常用作定語older 泛指新舊、老幼或年齡的大小關(guān)系，可以用作表語，是old的比較級(jí)形式?！居洝?My _brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.【解析2】be nice to sb. 對(duì)某人友好     be friendly to sb.  &

23、#160;   be good to sb.16.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他總是拒絕讓我看我最喜歡的電視節(jié)目?！窘馕觥縭efuse =say no to  v拒絕       refuse to do sth拒絕去做某事The boy refused _(go) to see his father with us.(  ) He refused when I asked him for help. &

24、#160;  A. said yes     B. said no     C. said hello17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.   相反，他卻想看什么酒看什么， 一直到深夜。【解析1】 instead 代替，反而，替 (1) instead  副詞，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情沒做，而做了后面的事情。Lee was ill so I went inst

25、ead.李病了，所以我去了。 (2) instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中instead of 為介詞短語，后面一般接名詞、代詞、介詞短語或動(dòng)名詞形式。She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didnt call him. She wrote to him instead.她沒有給他打電話，而是給他寫了封信。Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _ rich food.   

26、      A. instead   B. instead of   C. because of   D. because【解析2】  whatever = no matter what 任何，每一18.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有問題，你應(yīng)該主動(dòng)提供幫助?！窘馕觥?offer to do sth 主動(dòng)提出做某事【拓展】offer v 主動(dòng)給予(1) offer t

27、o do sth 主動(dòng)提出做某事(2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主動(dòng)提供給某人某物(     )The little boy _ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus.  A. offered  B. brought  C. lent  D. took19.Secondly,why dont you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你為什么不能坐下來和你的哥哥交流一下

28、呢？【解析1】secondly  adv.第二；其次【解析2】communicate v交流  communication n 交流；溝通communicate with sb. 和某人交流     They communicate with each other by QQ.(    ) They cant understand each other so they have difficulty in _.      A. communicate

29、60;   B. communicated    C. communicating20.You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV all the time. 你應(yīng)該跟他解釋說你并不介意他一直看電視?！窘馕觥縠xplain 解釋；說明 explanation n 解釋；說明explain sth to sb. 向某人解釋某事。  explain to sb sth給某人解釋某事21. Im worried about my school grades. 我很膽小我的學(xué)習(xí)成

30、績。【解析】 be worried about sth. 擔(dān)心某事【拓展】worry v 擔(dān)心 worried adj. 焦急的  worry about = be worried about 為擔(dān)心Dont be _(worry). Youll catch up with others.(    ) Dont _ about things so much. It will make you stressed out.afraid  B. worry  C. worried  D. Terrified22.My cousin

31、 borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我東西沒有還我?！窘馕觥縭eturn  v 歸還=give back    return . to . = give back to . 把.還給. v 回來；返回 = come back       23.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在學(xué)習(xí)上給了我很多壓力?！窘馕觥縫ress v 按；壓  pressure壓

32、力不可數(shù)名詞 （物理學(xué)）壓力air pressure 氣壓  blood pressure 血壓不可數(shù)名詞 還可指精神上、外界施加的壓力 = stress    under pressure 在壓力下24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在學(xué)校我不得不和我的同學(xué)們競爭?！窘馕觥縞ompete v競爭；對(duì)抗   competition   n 競爭compete with sb. 和某人競爭compete against/ with 與競爭compete for 為

33、參加比賽We are ready for the coming _(compete).25.You should all be _ each other to improve.  你們都應(yīng)該互相_ 而全面發(fā)展。【解析】improve =make . better 改進(jìn)  improvement  n 提高26.Who gives their opinions about the problem?  對(duì)于這個(gè)問題都有誰提出了他們自己的觀點(diǎn)。【解析】opinion n 意見；想法；看法   in ones opinion 以某人的觀點(diǎn)；在

34、某人看來give opinions about sth. 給出關(guān)于某事的觀點(diǎn)。27.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes .目前，中國的孩子有時(shí)周末比平常還要忙，因?yàn)樗麄儾坏貌簧夏敲炊嗟恼n后輔導(dǎo)班。【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes【口訣】：分開是一段，   合起是某時(shí)；  分開s 是倍次

35、，合起s是有時(shí)(1) some time一段時(shí)間，做時(shí)間狀語  It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間(2) sometime adv 在某個(gè)時(shí)候，  (3) some times 名詞詞組，“幾次，幾倍”   Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有時(shí) （一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞） (  ) I hope to visit the USA _ in the future.

36、0;A. sometimes  B. some times  C. sometime   D. some time28. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. 其他人正在練習(xí)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)， 這樣他們就能參與競爭并獲勝。【解析】 others  pron.  “其他的人或事物”There are other ways of doing it. 做這事還有其他的辦法。(    ) My sister is outgoing .

37、 She likes making friends with _.      A. other     B. another    C. the other   D. others29.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一個(gè)典型的美國之家。【解析1】The Taylors 泰勒一家  。 在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前加冠詞the表示“全家人或夫妻兩人”，使用時(shí)注意主語和謂語保持一致。The Black

38、s are getting ready for the holiday.【解析】typical 典型的  be typical of “是的特點(diǎn)”30. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my childrens future.或許我可以減少他們的一些活動(dòng)， 但是我相信這些活動(dòng)對(duì)孩子們的未來很重要?！窘馕觥縞ut out 刪除；刪去 (v+adv)     Youd better cu

39、t out that sentence.       cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到  cut in 插隊(duì)  cut off 切斷（水、電）供應(yīng)(    ) Dont _ when others talk; its impolite.    A. cut out    B. cut in    C. cut down    D. cut off31. I

40、really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他們成功?！窘馕觥縮uccessful 成功的【拓展】 succeed  v 成功，達(dá)到 success  n  成功successful  adj 成功的successfully adv成功地  succeed in doing sth If at first you dont _(success) . try, try again.(    ) She works very hard ,so she will _

41、 in _ the exam.A. successful; pass      B. success ;passing  C. succeed; passing     D. successful; passing32.Its time for homework.該寫作業(yè)了?！窘馕觥縄ts time for sth 是到做某事的時(shí)候了。Its time for lunch.    Its time to do sth  Its time to go to

42、school.(   ) Its 9:30 pm., children! _ is time to go to bed.      A. That     B. It     C. This    D. TheyIn some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.   在有些家

43、庭，競爭從孩子們很小的時(shí)候就開始了，一直持續(xù)到他們長大?！窘馕觥縞ontinue 繼續(xù)；持續(xù)【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事(前后做同一件事)        continue to do sth = go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事（前后不是同一件事）Lets continue_(read) the text. Many students hope to continue _ (study) after _(finish) school.（

44、0; ） The two teams continued _ the game after half an hour.A. play    B. to play    C. playing    D. played【拓展】continue，go on, last辨析continue  v.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)，指進(jìn)程在時(shí)間或空間上的延續(xù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)不斷，有時(shí)也可以指短暫停止后繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。He continue the work for two days.他連續(xù)兩天都在做這項(xiàng)工作。 go on指無間歇或有間歇地

45、繼續(xù)，或以某種特定方式繼續(xù)。go on to do sth繼續(xù)做某事，指開始做另外一件事；go on doing sth繼續(xù)做原來所做的事情。After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作業(yè)之后，他繼續(xù)去預(yù)習(xí)他的研究。last  v.持續(xù)，延續(xù)，維持，指某事物繼續(xù)存在或某種現(xiàn)象在時(shí)間上延續(xù)，說明某一動(dòng)作要延續(xù)一段時(shí)間。She wont last long in that job.那個(gè)工作她做不了多久。34.Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of cl

46、asses. 媽媽們把她們的小孩子送去各種各樣的輔導(dǎo)班。【解析1】send sent sent v 發(fā)送 【短語】： send away 趕走  send for 派人去請(qǐng)send off 寄出    send out 分發(fā)  send up 發(fā)射send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送給某人某物【注】類似的動(dòng)詞有：show (展示； 給看) give (給) lend (借出) offer（提供） return （歸還） tell （ 告訴）(    ) You fill in

47、both parts of the form, then_.A. send up it   B. send for it  C. send it away  D. send it off(    ) Please send  a photo of your family _ me.   A. for      B. at      C. to     D.

48、with【解析2】all kinds of 各種各樣的   【拓展】kind  (1) n 種類 kind of +adj.有點(diǎn)，有幾分，kind of cold 有點(diǎn)冷   a kind of 一種的，某種的   all kinds of  各種各樣的different kinds of 不同種類的     What kind of?那種 (2) adj. 友好的  be kind to sb. = be good to sb.=be frie

49、ndly to sb.  對(duì)某人友好【辨析】kind of 與kinds of:1kind of 單獨(dú)用，表示“有點(diǎn)”，后接形容詞或副詞： He is kind of thin.”他有點(diǎn)瘦”   I feel kind of hungry.”我有點(diǎn)餓” Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly. 王叔叔說得有點(diǎn)快。2若kind of前有a, this, that, what等，譯為“種，種類” 后加名詞。 That kind of question is difficult to answer. 那類問題難回答。Wha

50、t kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜歡何種運(yùn)動(dòng)？(     ) This kind of skirt looks _ and sells _.A. nice ; well   B. nice; good   C. well; well  D. good ;nice(     ) What _ animals do you like?    Monkeys. I think theyre _ clev

51、er.      A. kind of; kind of   B . a kind of ;a kind of   C. kind of; a kind  D. a kind of ; kind of(    ) Its going to rain. Let me fetch an umbrella for you.  Thank you ! You are so _.     A. lucky  

52、;     B. kind      C. relaxed     D. Interesting【2013浙江臺(tái)州】17. I want to see the movie Iron Man 3 (鋼鐵3). Do you know the _ of the ticket?            Yes. Five dollars.  &#

53、160;       A. number   B. price   C. kind   D. name35.Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. 孩子們也應(yīng)該有時(shí)間放松和獨(dú)立思考?！窘馕觥縣ave time to do sth 有時(shí)間做某事 36. And they are always comparing them with other childr

54、en.她們總是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比較?！窘馕觥縞ompare A with B 將A和B 比較   (1)comparewith  把與.做比較   (2) compareto 把.比做(  ) . People often compare a teacher        a candle.       A. to      B.  in

55、to      C.  as       D. with               (  ) . Its necessary          English      

56、;   Chinese in English study.  A. compare ; to      B. to compare ; with         C. comparing ; to       D. to compare; into 【2011四川廣元】 Why are most children under too much pressure ?&#

57、160;      Because their parents always compare them _ others.      A. With     B. by      C. to  37. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a childs development.醫(yī)生說太多的壓力不利于孩子們的發(fā)展。【解析1】be g

58、ood for 對(duì).有好處【拓展】good ( better ; best) adj. 好的 goodness n 好處；善行 ；美德  be good for 對(duì).有益處（反） be bad for對(duì)有害處be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅長于做某事be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.對(duì)某人友好【記】The boy is good _me .He is good _English , and he tells me oral practice is good _improve s

59、poken English.38.Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause  a lot of stress for children.    愛麗絲. 格林醫(yī)生說所有的這些活動(dòng)可能給孩子們帶來很多壓力?！窘馕觥?cause  v. 造成，使發(fā)生(1) cause sb. to do sth 使某人做某事    (2) cause sb. for sb. 給某人添麻煩(     ) She always _ tro

60、uble _ people.    A. cause; to   B. cause ; for   C. causing; to  D. causing; for(   ) Every year driving after drinking wine _ a lot of traffic accidents.        A. happens    B. provides  

61、  C. causes【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析cause n.原因，指引起某種結(jié)果的“原因”，后接介詞of.The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因是他開車開的太快。reason  n.理由，原因，指決定做某事或采取某項(xiàng)行動(dòng)的理由。The reason he was driving so fast was that he didnt want to miss an important meeting.他開車如此快的原因是他不想錯(cuò)過一個(gè)重要

62、的會(huì)議。excuse  n.辯解，借口，指對(duì)某種行為所做的解釋，可以是真的，也可以是托詞。He made a good excuse for his driving.他為自己開快車找了一個(gè)堂皇的借口。 (    ) What _ the flowers to die?      A. made    B. had     C. caused    D .get (  

63、  ) Do you often _ trouble _ your parents?     A. get; into   B. pay; for    C. cause; for   D. give; to 39. .In my opinion, it is important for children/ parents to .   我認(rèn)為， 對(duì)于孩子們/父母來說， .是重要的。【解析】in ones opinion 以某人的觀點(diǎn)； 在某人看

64、來40.  Perhaps children/ parents should / could .或許孩子們/父母應(yīng)該/ 可能.【解析】perhaps 也許；可能【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析perhaps意為“也許，可能”，一般指比較小的可能性。Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也許我后天去看他，不過我不能確定。probably“很可能，大概”，其可能性最大，表示一種幾乎完全肯定的意思。He will probably refuse the of

65、fer.他很可能會(huì)拒絕這份提議。possibly意為“可能，或許，也許”，可能性較大。Ill see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要見你，不過也可能是明天。maybe“或許，大概”，主要用于非正式場合，常用在口語中，語氣比perhaps輕。Maybe you put the letter in your basket. 或許你把信放在你的籃子里了。41. Its crazy. 這是瘋狂的?！窘馕觥縞razy. adj.  不理智的；瘋狂的 (在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語)      

66、; be crazy about 對(duì)著迷；熱衷于     Im crazy about football.42. Does Cathy Taylor think its important for kids to join after-school activities? 凱西. 泰勒認(rèn)為對(duì)于孩子們而言參加課文活動(dòng)重要嗎？【解析】Its + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth【注】若形容詞表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,im

67、portant等，須用介詞for 【形容物，用for】 Its +adj( kind, honest, friendly, )+(of sb) to do sth.【注】 若形容詞表示人的性格、品質(zhì)與特點(diǎn)，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等，用介詞of?！拘稳萑擞胦f】【2012山東東營】Its very convenient _ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.    A. to    B. of    C. by