減譯法ppt課件

1、 減譯法減譯法1；.減譯法指翻譯時(shí)省略原語語表形式中出現(xiàn)而譯語中不需要或可有可無的語言單位，以使譯文言簡(jiǎn)意賅。原則是“減詞不減意”。對(duì)象可以是全譯單位中的任何層級(jí)：音位、詞素、詞、詞組、小句。2；.If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.打蛇先打頭，擒賊先擒王A gentleman will die for one who appreciates his wo

2、rth while a woman will beautify herself for one who attracts her.士為知己者死，女為悅己者容。3；.123Rhetoric omission 修辭性減省Syntactic omission 句法性減省Logical omission 邏輯性減省4；. 句法性減省句法性減省漢語中沒有冠詞，代詞、連詞、介詞的使用也沒有英語那么多，因此在英漢翻譯時(shí)，若碰到句子中使用這些詞語就要考慮在譯文中省去它們，以使譯文簡(jiǎn)潔通暢。另，英語中的系動(dòng)詞和先行詞在漢譯中也經(jīng)?？梢允÷圆蛔g。5；. 冠詞減譯冠詞減譯The policeman asked th

3、e driver to describe the accident in greater detail.警察要求司機(jī)把事故經(jīng)過講得更詳細(xì)些。A soldier should be loyal to his country.當(dāng)兵的應(yīng)該效忠祖國(guó)。6；. How do you like the film?你認(rèn)為那部電影怎么樣？He left without saying a word.他一句話沒說就走了。He said he was getting a dollar a mile.他說，開車每開一英里就賺一塊錢。7；. 名詞減譯名詞減譯The problem of the age of the ea

4、rth is one problem we share approach.地球的年齡是我們將要探討的一個(gè)問題。Forces are measured in pounds, ounces, tons, grams, kilograms, and other units commonly called units of weight.力由鎊、盎司、噸、克、公斤和其他一些重量單位來衡量。8；. 介詞減譯介詞減譯The People s Republic of China was founded in 1949.1949年中華人民共和國(guó)成立。Now complaints are heard in al

5、l parts of that country.該國(guó)各地目前怨聲載道。9；. 代詞減譯代詞減譯（人稱代詞、反身代詞、關(guān)系代詞）In Japan it is rude to blow your nose and as in China, rude to leave your chopsticks standing up in a bowl of rice.在日本，擤鼻子很不文雅。而在中國(guó)，將筷子豎直插在碗中是很不恰當(dāng)?shù)?。We live and learn.活到老學(xué)到老。10；. It的減譯的減譯It is only shallow people who judge by appearances.

6、只有淺薄的人才會(huì)以貌取人。Outside it was pitch-dark and it was raining cats and dogs.外面漆黑一片，大雨傾盆。11；. there be的減譯的減譯There is a rapidly increasing range of uses for electronic computers.電子計(jì)算機(jī)的應(yīng)用范圍正在迅速擴(kuò)大。There are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless.有些化學(xué)燃料潔凈無煙。12；. 連詞減譯連詞減譯（并列連詞、從屬連詞）Try and do it.試著做

7、If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天來了，春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？When the masses are of one heart , everything becomes easy.眾人齊心，其利斷金。13；. 動(dòng)詞減譯動(dòng)詞減譯When the pressure gets low, the boiling points becomes low.氣壓低，沸點(diǎn)就低。The representatives of the two sides have now agreed on the proposals put forward by the coordin

8、ator.雙方代表一致同意協(xié)調(diào)人的方案。14；.修辭性省略是從譯文修辭角度考慮，省略英文中的某些詞語。這些詞語的含義在譯文中雖無其字但已有其意，如果不將其省略，就可能造成譯文語意的重復(fù)或累贅。修辭性減省修辭性減省15；.1.1.同義性減譯同義性減譯Semiconductor devices have no filament or heaters and therefore require no heating power or warmed uptime.半導(dǎo)體器件沒有燈絲，因此不需要加熱功率或加熱時(shí)間。Filament和heaters均為“燈絲”之意and 和therefore都有“因此、所

9、以”之意所以各譯出一個(gè)，省略一個(gè)16；.2.2.簡(jiǎn)練性減譯簡(jiǎn)練性減譯Besides teaching the deaf and dumb he was absorbed in the scientific study of sound, and also in the possibilities of transmitting it by means of electricity or light.除了教聾啞人外，他還致力于聲學(xué)和電光傳聲研究。Also in the possibilities與前面的study由and相連，據(jù)上下文關(guān)系可將其深層含義延伸至study17；.邏輯性減譯邏輯性減譯

10、由于英漢兩種語言的使用習(xí)慣不同，詞語的含義范圍和表現(xiàn)能力也不同，再加上英美人和中國(guó)人的思維習(xí)慣也不盡一致，所以有的英語句子雖然本身邏輯上是通的，但若一字不漏的譯成漢語，譯文在邏輯上會(huì)重復(fù)多余，甚至有悖于事理。18；.Since transistors are extremely small in size and require only small amounts of energy, they can make previously large equipment much smaller.晶體管非常小而且所需要的能量也少從而使以前的大設(shè)備變得小多了晶體管非常小所需能量少因此以前的大設(shè)備變得小多了19；.Part-time waitress applicants who worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not.應(yīng)聘業(yè)余服務(wù)員的人有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的比沒有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的優(yōu)先錄取業(yè)余服務(wù)員招牌有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)者優(yōu)先20；.小結(jié)小結(jié)1.減譯法不是任意省略。刪減。從以上各例句中不難看出，某些詞語如果不刪減，譯文必定不夠簡(jiǎn)潔，或累贅不堪，甚至影響整體意思的表達(dá)。采用減譯法不僅使譯文讀起來