國家開放大學電大?？啤队⒄Z閱讀3》-2021期末試題

1、國家開放大學電大專科英語閱讀(3)2028-2029期末試題及答案(試卷號：2157)Part IRead Passage 1 and decide the meaning of the following words with the help of the context. The paragraph in which the word appears is indicated in brackets* Write A t B. or C on your answer sheet. (30 points9 3 points each)Passage 1The Good Life1 Imag

2、ine something unhealthy dangerous» and expensivef and you will notice it is often enjoyable, too. The French call this "the good life” and say that life should be enjoyed generously> not protected carefully. Eating, drinking, smoking, driving fast for the Frencht these are life's pl

3、easures. Take them away, and you're left with a poor, colorless existence. Safe and healthy, perhaps. But safe and healthy is not "the good life” in France.2 Take fat, for example. While much of the world, and the United States in particular has gone on an “anti-fat" campaignt this is

4、absolutely not the case in France. These days in American supermarkets one can see rows and rows of “l(fā)ite food" cookies, snacks, cheese, milk which have been made especially with reduced fat. The Americans say this is healthy. The French say this is stupid! They load up their shopping carts wit

5、h fois gras (ufatty goose liver"), rich cheeses, butter-soaked cakes and pastries. And what are the results? Amazingly > the French suffer less from obesity than the Americans. Heart attacks are about twice as likely to strike Americans» though the French eat three times more cheese, an

6、d four times as much butter! Hedonism, that is, believing that pleasure is the purpose of life， seems to bring health, not illness.3 As for drinking, these days young professional Americans are becoming more cautious about their alcohol intake, saying that it is safer； healthier to drink less wine a

7、nd more orange juice. Yet the French continue to enjoy their famous wines, with gusto. In fact, recent research has shown that moderate daily wine intake is good for us. Big U. S. drug companies are working on a pill that will reproduce the healthful chemical properties of wine. But anyone who has e

8、njoyed a good French wine knows that the real benefit of this drink comes not just from a chemical compound, but from the serene pleasure the enjoyment of drinking it.4 Smoking? The French choose to ignore the warnings that smoking is bad for the health. There is no significant antismoking movement

9、here, no laws restricting smoking in offices, trains or restaurants. You can see them happily puffing between delicious courses of grilled beefsteaks rich cheesest gallons of red wine. A doctor's nightmare? No, it's the good life!5 But the place to see the French really live dangerously is t

10、he road. No rules, no lanes, just going as fast as possible at all times. Motorcycles drive wherever they want, even thewrong side of the road. Drivers are aggressive. Rush hour is a disorganized mess. But Parisian drivers don't show any anger while driving no raised voices, no rude gestures, ju

11、st serene and cool in the middle of the wild chaos. The key to driving in Paris is not caution. It is “sang froid”, literally "cold blood". The way to have a heart attack is not by eating too much fatty cheese, butter, red meat, drinking too much wine, smoking too many cigarettes. It is by

12、 resenting life and getting upset with daily chaos. Going with the flow is the secret of the French "good life" enjoying every mouthful of food and drink and smoke. Playing, but not playing it safe.Questions 110 are based on Passage 1.1. generously (paragraph 1)A. happilyB. willinglyC. wit

13、hout limit2. campaign (paragraph 2)A. planned activities supporting a beliefB. campingC. holiday3. obesity (paragraph 2)A. povertyB. fatnessC. traffic jam4. strike (paragraph 2)A. pleaseB. hitC. change5. cautious (paragraph 3)A. carefulC. happy6. moderate (paragraph 3)A. a large amount ofB. a small

14、amount ofC. a neither large nor small amount7. reproduce (paragraph 3)A. throw awayC. get rid of8. ignore (paragraph 4)A. disregardC. remember9. restricting (paragraph 4)A. encouragingB. carelessofB. create something similarB. followB. allowingC. limiting10. upset (paragraph 5)A. excitedB. tiredC. u

15、nhappyPart 11Read Passage 2 and choose either A, B or C to complete each of the following statements. Write A, B or C on your answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points each)Passage 2Translating Fashion1 Its seven o'clock in the morning and Natassia Antipova, a beautiful Russian financial consultant, is

16、 getting up in the Moscow apartment where she lives alone and asking herself： “What shall I wear today?" A decade ago her choices were simpler. Then, there was one kind of mascara, one color eye shadow. Now, Natassia，s bathroom shelves are stocked with Avon, Estee Lauder, and Nina Ricci. Her cl

17、osets contain Levis and Armanis as well aslocal brand names. Her awareness of what makes a beautiful woman has been vastly expanded. In Tokyo, on the same day, Maki Ko is doing a presentation for her public relations company. Her trim size 8 figure is zipped into an Italian suit. In her English pock

18、et-book Elizabeth Arden cosmetics share space with products from Shisiedo, the Tokyo-based beauty company. Last year Maki had Japan's most popular cosmetic surgery procedure, a rhinoplasty to make her button nose look more Western. The list goes on： The globalization of fashion is one of the phe

19、nomena of our time, a vast market for those companies who somehow have a look that translates worldwide.2 There's nothing new, of courset about the process of fashionable imitation. In Roman Britain prosperous natives wore togas. This fashion remained popular for some time. "Likewise, after

20、 the Norman invasion of Britain in 1066, French styles became chic. This kind of fashion trend has been happening for centuries. But what is new is the sheer size and depth of penetration of this global fashion.3 Consider Levi jeans, a company with a brand imprint carried by 2, 800 retail companies

21、in 45 countries. Worldwide sales for 1996 were US $ 7. 1 billion. Or Estee Lauder, which since it went international in 1960, has penetrated 100 markets and racked up sales of $ 3. 4 billion in 1997. Or take China, whose women were forbidden as recently as 10 years ago to powder their noses in recen

22、t years, the fashion and cosmetics market has expanded by 20 to 30 percent annually. But is this all a plot by greedy designers, manufacturers and fashion editors to clone the world into one image? Alison Lurie, author of The Language of Clothes, thinks not. She says people and cultures themselves d

23、ecide on what is fashion these days.3 Consider Levi jeans, a company with a brand imprint carried by 2, 800 retail companies in 45 countries. Worldwide sales for 1996 were US $ 7. 1 billion. Or Estee Lauder, which since it went international in 1960, has penetrated 100 markets and racked up sales of

24、 $ 3. 4 billion in 1997. Or take China, whose women were forbidden as recently as 10 years ago to powder their noses in recent years, the fashion and cosmetics market has expanded by 20 to 30 percent annually. But is this all a plot by greedy designerst manufacturers and fashion editors to clone the

25、 world into one image? Alison Lurie, author of The Language of Clothes, thinks not. She says people and cultures themselves decide on what is fashion these days.4 Of far more importance to fashion trends, according to Marc Bourgery,an advertising consultant t is the question of how a country enterta

26、ins itself. He gives the example of Japant a country that has a love affair with golf and, more recently, with American situation comedies. "Japanese people now want to be defined as witty, successful and affluent> and so that style has become cool and sought after. ”5 Bourgery, who travels

27、the world in order to advise clients on which images sell best in which countries, thinks that global fashion is not about the West dictating to the East.Rather, it is about a new feeling of internationalism. "Armani, for example, does not set out to look authentically Italian, anymore than Cha

28、nel wants to look specifically French,” observes Bourgery. "Instead, their footprint is a look which says 'I'm elegant, sophisticated, successful,1 and that translates worldwide."6 What it all adds up to is a world of consumer decision-making, a mix-and-match world where consumers

29、often take what is best from their own country and combine it. Worldwide surveys of beauty practices confirm this point. Russian women confide that not all of them are crazy about the new cosmetic importsenvironmentally conscious teens twenty-some-things, "are mad for the newest line of Russian

30、 skin care. Green Mama, made exclusively from herbs and fruits found in the Altai region of Sineria. " Beauty-conscious Syrians also claim that their traditional oils and scents are for them a treasure trove of beauty secrets. In their Damascus bathroomst alongside the modern cosmetics> are

31、pewter bowls which to mix Henna and bay leaf, honey and olive oil soaps or vials of perfumed oils.7 The cruel truth about what is fashionable is that it can't be clearly defined. Today's concept of fashion draws from a far wider ethnic and national pool than ever before, and it's growing

32、 day by day.Questions 1120 are based on Passage 2.11. Russian women have fashion choices compared to a decade ago.A. the sameB. moreC. fewer.12. Rhinoplastry is popularamong women.A. JapaneseB. EuropeanC. African13. After the Norman invasion of Britain, styles became popular.A. JapaneseB. FrenchC. B

33、ritish14. The difference in fashion today is the.A. trend it createsB. choice of stylesC. size and penetration15. Levi jeans does business in countries.A. 100B. 2,800C. 4516. Alison Lurie says are making decisions on fashion these days.A. designers and companiesB. people and culturesC. editors and m

34、anufacturers17. Marc Bourgery thinks dictates what global fashion is.A. the EastB. the WestC. internationalism18. Armani is most probably a (n)brand(商標)name.A. ItalianB. FrenchC. Japanese19. Today themakes fashion choices.A. consumerB. designerC. international market20. Fashion is today.A. specificB

35、. diverseC. expensivePart HIRead Passage 3 and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for trueand F for false on your answer sheet. (20 points9 2 points each)Passage 3Advertising1 In a competitive economy, the consumer usually has the choice of several differentbrands of

36、the same product. Yet underneath their labels, the products are often nearlyidentical. One manufacturer ' s toothpaste tends to differ very little from another manufacturer's. Thus, manufacturers are confronted with a problem how to keep sales high enough to stay in business. Manufacturers s

37、olve this problem by advertising. They try to appeal to consumers in various ways. In fact, advertisements may be classified into three types according to the kind of appeals they use.2 One type of advertisement tries to appeal to the consumer's reasoning mind. It may offer a claim that seems sc

38、ientific. For example, it may say the dentists recommend Flash toothpaste. In selling a product, the truth of the advertising may be less important than the appearance of truth.3 Another type of advertisement tries to amuse the potential buyer. Products that are essential boring, such as insecticide

39、, are often advertised in an amusing way. One way of doing this is to make the products appear alive. For example? the advertisers believe that consumers are likely to remember and buy products that the consumers associate with fun.4 Associating the product with something pleasant is the technique o

40、f the third type of appeal. In this class are ads that suggest that the product will satisfy some basic human desire. One such desire is the wish to be admired by other people. Many automobile advertisements are in this category. They imply that other people will admire you 一 may even be jealous whe

41、n they see you driving the hot, new Aardvark car. Another powerful desire to which advertisers appeal is the desire for love. This ads for bandages are unlikely to emphasize the way the bandages are made or their low cost； instead the ads may show a mother tenderly binding up and then kissing her sm

42、all boy's cut finger. In the picture there is an open package of Ouch Bandages. The advertiser hopes the consumer will mentally insert an equal sign to create the equation "Ouch Bandages= love."5 One only needs to look through a magazine or watch an hour of TV in order to see examples

43、of these three different advertising strategies.Questions 2130 are based on Passage 3.21. Consumer usually has the choice of several different products of the same brand in a competitive economy.22. The products are more or less the same although they have different labels.23. Manufacturers have to

44、advertise their products in order to stay in business.24. According to the passage, there are mainly four types of advertisements.25. A scientific approach is used to prove the true value of the product.26. In selling a product, appearance of truth may be more imporiant than the truth of advertising

45、.27. Ads associated with fun are likely to attract potential buyers.28. According to the passage, many automobile ads try to appeal to the consumer'sreasoning mind.29. The picture of a mother tenderly kissing her small boy is to show the usefulness of bandages.30. People's desires can be mor

46、e satisfied by the improved advertisements.Part IVRead Passage 4 and answer the following questions. Make your answers as short and ciear as possible. （20 points9 4 points each）Passage 41 Kuwait is a country which is quite small but very rich. It has a population of a little more than a million, and

47、 it is situated at the north end of the Arabian Gulf, which is also sometimes called the Persian Gulf. The land area is about 8,000 square miles. Kuwait9 s climate is one of the hottest in the world. In the summer, the temperature often reaches 124° Fahrenheit during the day. That's about 51. 1n on the Centigrade scale. Temperatures are naturally cooler during the winter. They range between 50° and 60° Fahrenheit.2 Until oil