上海中考英語作文寶典徐匯新王牌中考補(bǔ)習(xí)班精選講義

1、簡XQ 初中英語 新王牌 上海中考英語作文學(xué)習(xí)寶典【考點掃描】    書面表達(dá)是每年中考必考題型，是考查學(xué)生交際能力的一個重要組成部分。書面表達(dá)通常有三種形式：1、書信、日記、通知、留言、假條；2、看圖作文；3、根據(jù)漢語提示文。    無論是那一種書面表達(dá)形式，考生所寫的短文都要緊扣主題、文理通順，要素完整，語言準(zhǔn)確、得當(dāng)、格式正確、無大、小寫和拼寫錯誤，標(biāo)點符號正確，能達(dá)到交際目的?！久麕熃怆y】一. 訓(xùn)練方法1. 記。認(rèn)真系統(tǒng)復(fù)習(xí)和背誦基礎(chǔ)知識和優(yōu)美的句子、句型。中國有句古話，叫“熟讀唐詩三百首，不會吟詩也會作”。同樣，要使自己具有

2、較強(qiáng)的寫作能力，首先應(yīng)該熟讀和背誦一些句型和短文。許多同學(xué)寫出來的語言根本不符合英語的語言習(xí)慣，相當(dāng)一部分人有對照中文逐字翻譯的不良習(xí)慣，不去理會中英文的差異。大量的背誦和閱讀是提高寫作能力的有效辦法，同學(xué)們?nèi)粲写罅康默F(xiàn)成語言積累在腦海里，自己寫起文段來，就可以做到脫口而出，或是模仿、套用，甚至發(fā)揮。2.練。每練一篇書面表達(dá)題，都要真正學(xué)到一點東西，不可貪多而邊學(xué)邊忘。平時可以采用循序漸進(jìn)、靈活多樣的練習(xí)方式。從根據(jù)提示詞寫單句開始，到寫單句，然后到寫幾句話，最后到寫流利的文段。盡量嘗試多種形式的寫作，如短信、說明、通知、便條、明信片、看圖寫作、根據(jù)表格或記錄寫短文等。3.寫。要進(jìn)行實戰(zhàn)寫作。

3、要求自己在20分鐘內(nèi)寫出100個詞左右的短文，并且質(zhì)量高、內(nèi)容全、形式正確。這樣形成習(xí)慣，考試時就能得心應(yīng)手。  二. 應(yīng)試策略1. 審題目：要切中題意。中考考試說明指出，書面表達(dá)要切中題意。怎樣才能切中題意？就是要認(rèn)真審題，看到考題后，先不要急于動筆，要仔細(xì)看清題目要求的內(nèi)容。在自己的頭腦中構(gòu)思出一個框架或畫面，確定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下筆，看懂題意，根據(jù)圖畫、圖表、提綱或短文提供的資料和信息來審題。審題要審格式、體裁、人物關(guān)系、故事情節(jié)、主體時態(tài)、活動時間、地點等。2. 圈要點：防止遺漏要點。要點是給分的一個重要因素。為了防止寫作過程中遺漏要點，同學(xué)們要充分發(fā)揮自己的觀察力，

4、把情景中給出的各個要點逐條列出。3. 列提綱：為寫作做好準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)文章要點短文的中心思想將主要句型、關(guān)鍵詞語記下，形成提綱。 4. 定基調(diào)：定出時態(tài)、人稱、順序、開頭、結(jié)尾。5. 寫全文：寫短文時要做到以下六個方面：(1)避免使用漢語式英語，盡量使用自己熟悉的句型。幾種句型可交替使用，以避免重復(fù)和呆板。(2)多用簡單句型，記事、寫人一般都不需要復(fù)雜的句型?？蛇m當(dāng)多使用陳述句、一般疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。不用或少用非謂語或情態(tài)動詞等較復(fù)雜的句型。(3)注意語法、句法知識的靈活運(yùn)用。1）語態(tài)、時態(tài)要準(zhǔn)確無誤。2）主謂語要一致，主語的人稱和數(shù)要和謂語一致。3）注意人稱代詞的賓格形式。4）注意冠詞用法

5、，例如： He is an honest student.中的an不能寫成a。5）注意拼寫、標(biāo)點符號和大小寫，例如：receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。(4)描寫人物時，要生動具體，例如：1）外表特征：tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。2）服飾顏色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。3）內(nèi)心境界：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interest

6、ed 等。4）感情描寫：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。5）動作描寫：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。(5)上下文要連貫。上下文的連貫性也是評分的一條原則，因此同學(xué)們應(yīng)把寫好的句子，根據(jù)故事情節(jié)，事情發(fā)生的先后次序（時間或空間），使用一些表示并列、遞進(jìn)等過渡詞進(jìn)行加工整理，使文章連貫、自然、流暢。同學(xué)們應(yīng)注意下面過渡的用法：1）表示并列關(guān)系的：and, as well as, or 2）表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的：but, yet, however 3）表示時間關(guān)系的：when, wh

7、ile, after, before, then, after that 4）表示因果關(guān)系的：so, therefore ,as a result 5）表示目的的：in order to, in order that , so as to, so that 6）表示列舉的：for example , such as 7）表示總結(jié)性的：in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking (6)不會表達(dá)，另辟蹊徑。中考作文給分是以要點和語言準(zhǔn)確度而定，不以文采打分。造句越簡單準(zhǔn)確越好，造復(fù)合句容易出錯，容易被扣分，閱卷場上有句話：“錯誤面前人人平等，

8、文采好不加分”。如遇到個別要點表達(dá)不出來或難以表達(dá)，可采用變通的辦法，化難為易，化繁為簡?？傊炀渥右_、得體、符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣。(7)改病句：認(rèn)真檢查，改正錯誤。中考作文時，由于時間緊、內(nèi)容多，同學(xué)們出錯在所難免。因此，改錯這一環(huán)節(jié)必不可少。中考作文評卷是根據(jù)要點、語言準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性來給分，根據(jù)錯誤多少來扣分。因此，中考時花幾分鐘時間用來檢查錯誤顯得尤為重要。檢查錯誤應(yīng)從以下幾個方面入手：1）格式是否有錯。2）拼寫有無錯誤。3）語言是否用錯。4）時態(tài)、語態(tài)錯誤。5）標(biāo)點錯誤。6）人稱是否用錯。三. 注意事項      

9、  書面表達(dá)要特別注意書寫工整，卷面整潔。每年閱卷老師在十來天的時間里要看十幾萬考生的作文，工作量之大，時間之緊，可想而知。書寫是否工整，卷面是否整潔與得分高低直接有關(guān)。四.評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 上海中考英語作文總分為20分，其中內(nèi)容分8分、語言分8分、組織結(jié)構(gòu)分4分。以下為上海中考英語作文官方評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：1.內(nèi)容分8分。內(nèi)容切題，意思連貫，表達(dá)清楚完整。2.語言分8分。學(xué)生需用語規(guī)范，表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，無或少見語法錯誤，詞匯拼寫正確，句型使用恰當(dāng)。首先是字?jǐn)?shù)，少于60字的作文要酌情扣分。3.組織結(jié)構(gòu)分4分，也就是我們常說的文采分。根據(jù)學(xué)生使用復(fù)雜句型/單詞和諺語/俗語的情況來加分。五. 注意點：每少5個

10、詞扣0.5分，拼寫錯誤每處扣0.5分，標(biāo)點，大小寫錯誤每2處扣0.5分，內(nèi)容和語言表達(dá)總分達(dá)15分及以上，得23分，內(nèi)容和語言總分1314分，如確有好句型或表達(dá)用語，可酌情給12分，通篇句型，句式單一，詞匯貧乏者，即使無語法錯誤，也不給分。 開頭句+給的幾個參考點+結(jié)尾句+亮點。先劃檔次：A檔 1815分 B檔 14.512分 C檔 11.58分 D檔 3.50分然后再仔細(xì)批閱看有否語法錯誤,最后給出總分。六. 常見問題： 1.內(nèi)容空洞，沒有清晰的思路，表達(dá)能力不強(qiáng)，總是用一些不合適的句子內(nèi)容來表達(dá)，所以可能讓老師覺得理由或是內(nèi)容太假，當(dāng)然也就得不了高分。 2.議論過多，描寫不足。大多數(shù)情況下

11、，我們把議論當(dāng)成的作文的重點，所以常常會跑題。 應(yīng)當(dāng)多描述提示的內(nèi)容或加以想像，不能只翻譯了事。 3.總是使用同一個主語寫句子，重復(fù)太多。盡量使用不同的主語來表達(dá)，比如：I must learn English well. 就可以換成：It is important for me to learn English well. 4. 結(jié)構(gòu)散漫，想哪兒寫哪兒，亂七八糟。應(yīng)該使用總分或總分總的結(jié)構(gòu)。 5.都是簡單句，缺少復(fù)合句。多用狀語從句，賓語從句，定語從句及一些重要的句型，也 人教版新目標(biāo)初二下英語同步輔導(dǎo)（一）初中二年級下un.初中二年級下Un.可以用用被動語態(tài)。 6. 連詞的使用較少，句子之

12、間的連接很生硬?？梢约尤胍恍罕热? to my surprise (讓我驚 訝的是), whats more（而且，還有）等，讓上文與下文銜接更緊密。意思也能更流暢地表達(dá)。七 中考寫作高頻使用詞組、句法1.作文開頭的有用句As we all know, As it is known to all, Its known to all that Its common knowledge that Its commonly accepted that There is no denying that How time flies! In a blink of an eye, Time flies

13、like a speeding arrow, Time goes like the flowing water. 2、中間分層部分的有用結(jié)構(gòu): 分正反兩面論述:On one hand, On the other hand 分兩點：For one thing, For another, 分三點：Firstly, Secondly, Last but not least 3、結(jié)尾部分 All in all, In a word, In conclusion, In brief, In short, To put everything in a shell, 概括的說，簡單的說 Last but n

14、ot least 組織語言 發(fā)表觀點的 In my opinion, From my point of view, In my eyes, As far as I am concerned, Believe it or not, 表示遞進(jìn)的 In addition Furthermore More importantly Whats more Moreover 其他與“我”有關(guān)的寫作材料 1、重點句型 Its+a. for sb.to do sth. So +a./ad. That such a +a.+n. that tooto do Not.until Thats why+句子 那是。的原

15、因 Its said that +句子 Theres no doubt that+句子 毫無疑問··· It goes without saying that+句子 毫無疑問··· Theres no need to do 沒必要做··· Theres no point in doing 做某事毫無意義 2、 提建議 Had better do/not do How/what about doing Why not do/why dont+句子 I think you should do I sugges

16、t that you should do If I were you, I would do 我要是你的話，我會做 Its best to do 3、表示喜歡，感興趣 Like/love/enjoy doing Be fond of/be keen on sth. Prefer to do A rather than do B Be interested in doing=show/take great interest in 4、努力做 Try to do/strive to do Make efforts to do=make every effort to do Try ones bes

17、t/do ones best to do Do what/everything sb can to do 5、打算做···/計劃做··· Intend to do/plan to do Be going to do Decide to do Determine to do=be determine to do Make up ones mind to do 6、表示想/希望 Want to do=would like to do Hope to do Expect to do Wish to do Consider doing 7、其

18、他有用的短語 From now on/sooner or later/in the near future Have positive attitude towards/enrich my knowledge/learnby heart/ Meet with various kinds of difficulties /face difficulties bravely/overcome the difficulties Play an important role/part in. 8、其他有用的句式 For the reason above,/After all/As for me,/Fr

19、ankly speaking/Generally speaking/Believe it or not,/As a Grade Nine student,/The reasons are as follows, Peoples view onvary from person to person 4、增添亮點 使用復(fù)合句和諺語 諺語舉例 I firmly believe that “A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life”. As a famous saying goes, “A man becomes learned by

20、asking questions.” Its common knowledge that the road to success is not always full of roses. An old saying goes, “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.” 八2002-2016 上海中考英語作文題目集錦2002 My favorite thing(s) 我的心愛之物 2003 To be a lovely Shanghainese 做一個可愛的上海人 2004 Leave School 畢業(yè)時分 2005 Growing pains a

21、nd gains 成長的煩惱 2006 I have a dream 我有一個夢 2007 A Story about My Parent(s) 一個關(guān)于我父/母的故事 2008 Love Around Me 愛在我身邊 2009 I want to do something for my school 我想為我的學(xué)校做點什么 2010 I'm proud of myself 我為我自己感到自豪 2011 My Favourite Thing（s） 我的心愛之物 2012 If you are Joe.your friend Betty is upset because she car

22、es too much about the result. 寫給一個考試焦慮考生的一封信，并給予建議。2013 Write at least 60 words about the topic “How to protect myself”(以“如何保護(hù)自己”為題，寫一篇不少于60個詞的短文)2014 This time next year2015 I want to invent _2016 .九2009-2013年上海中考英語真題范文分享2009命題作文Write at least 60 words about the topic “I want to do something for my

23、 school”. (以“我想為學(xué)校做件事”為題寫一篇不少于60個詞的短文，標(biāo)點符號不占格。)(注意：短文中不得出現(xiàn)任何人名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分。)Use the following points as a reference. (以下內(nèi)容僅供參考)l. What do you want to do for your school?2. Why do you want to do it?3. How are you going to do it?例文1：I want to make school clean. You may think it is very simple. Bu

24、t I don't think so. Our teacher said, "School is your home, you should keep it clean." But I have never done anything to make school clean. For example, I have never told my classmate to pick up rubbish after he threw it on the ground. I also threw the rubbish on the ground. So I want

25、to make school clean so that everyone can forgive me. During this summer holiday, I will go to school to make school clean. Of course, I will do it with my classmates. We will make school clean every weekends next term as well. Now, do you think it is simple?2 One possible versionI want to do someth

26、ing for my school I'm leaving my school. I want to plant a tree in my school garden. I have found there are too many buildings and few trees in our school yard, so I want to make my school much greener and more beautiful. If I plant a tree there, maybe more and more students will do as me. In th

27、eir spare time, the students can read under the trees.2010命題作文上海中考英語作文題:I'm proud of myself1、What kind of person are you?2、What makes you proud of yourself(Give an example/examples)3、Why are you proud of yourself?要求：至少60字范文：1I am a boy of less confidence. I always hate running. But as we all kno

28、w, the students of Grade nine have to take part in the sports exam. At that moment, I just wanted to give up. But my parents encouraged me: "impossible is nothing," "you could challenge yourself!" so with the encouragement of them, I tried my best to run and insisted on running.

29、When I got to the finishing line, I felt proud of myself, though I didn't get the good mark, I knew, I won. I created a miracle for myself and I was so proud of myself!2. I am proud of myselfThe wheel of life has rolled fast through the past fifteen years. By looking backwards, Im so proud of my

30、self because Ive grown into a strong-minded person. It was the first time for me to climb a high mountain alone. At first, I felt my body was filled with energy. As time went by, tiredness made my step slow down. For many times, the idea of giving up the journey appeared in my mind. But the saying “

31、Accumulated water becomes a river.” enabled me to move on. Though the power of one step seemed so weak, I insisted on climbing to the top. When I succeeded, I felt I had reached a new height in my life. How proud Im of being a strong-minded person. 3. I am proud of myselfI used to be a girl with few

32、 words. Last month I failed in the exam. I felt so depressed that I couldnt help crying. However, my mother told me, “The life is a tough road full of ups and downs. Everyone has to experience the low times.” Her encouraging words lifted me up. I made up my mind to prepare for the next exam. I alway

33、s listened to the teacher carefully and did my homework attentively. To my surprise, I achieved the best grade in the exam. At that time, I actually felt proud of myself. Im proud because I achieved success as well as courage. Now Im more active than before, and I always believe as long as you keep

34、your heart facing the sun, the world will always bring you new hopes.2011話題補(bǔ)全式作文 Writing (作文) 共18分Write at least 60 words about the topic “Im a member of _ “ (以“我是的一員”為題寫一篇不少于60個詞的短文，標(biāo)點符號不占格子”提示： 你可以作為任意興趣小組或者社團(tuán)的一員，或者作為家庭，班級，社區(qū)額的一員，寫出你的經(jīng)歷，感受等。Use the following points as a reference Are you glad to b

35、e a member of ？What do you do in it?How do you feel as such a member? 例文：1Im a Member of the Singing and Dancing ClubHello, everyone! Im very glad to be a member of the Singing and Dancing Club. I have been in this club for 2 years. Im an actor in the club. I like singing and dancing very much. I si

36、ng and dance with my classmates on weekends. Though I am very tired, I like to sing and dance every day. It makes me feel very happy.2In this world, every family has a mother, a father, a daughter or a son. For plenty of people, families are very important .when you are very said, you can found one

37、or two persons to make you feel happiness, this is you family. I am very gold to become my family member, because I have a pretty good parent and a fairly younger brother. When I come back, I always feel freedom and relaxed. My mother is a kind cook; she has lots of experience in cooking, so my brot

38、her and I are healthy. As a daughter， I shouldn't make my parents worry .As a sister ,l should look after my brother .l want to be a great member of my family ,l would try my best to do what l should do in the family2012 書信類作文Writing (作文): (共20分) Write a letter in at least 60 words according to

39、the given situation(根據(jù)所給情景寫一封不少于60詞的信)Suppose you are Joe. Your friend Betty is upset about a coming exam for she cares too much about the result. What do you think? Try to offer her some advice.(假設(shè)你是Joe，你的好朋友Betty因為過于在意考試結(jié)果而感到焦慮。請給他寫一封信，談?wù)勀愕目捶?，并給她一些建議。)例文：1Knowing that you care too much about the r

40、esult, I am quite worried. Actually, it is no use being upset despite the importance of the result. There are some effective ways to calm down. Above all, keeping reminding yourself to stay in peace is the most helpful. Besides, it will help you to relax if you spare some time for recreational activ

41、ities like sports. Finally, talk to your parents and friends, who are always ready to comfort you. As is said by Steve Jobs, “the journey is the reward.” I am sure you will get through this situation.2.Dear Betty, How time flies! The exam is finally near at hand. Important as it is to you, you reall

42、y shouldn't care too much about the result and get yourself overly upset. Remember all the hard work you have put in! As long as you go with a calm mind and a positive attitude, I'm sure there will be nothing difficult for you and the exam will be smooth sailing. I suggest you talk more to p

43、arents and teachers about your anxiety and take better care of your health such as getting enough sleep and doing more exercise. Above all, no matter what the result, all you need to do is to act more and think less because action is worry's worst enemy. Keep faith and calm down, and you are sur

44、e to come out with flying colors. All the best of luck. Yours, Joe2013自由命題類作文 Writing(作文) (共20分)99Write at least 60 words about the topic “How to protect myself”(以“如何保護(hù)自己”為題，寫一篇不少于60個詞的短文，標(biāo)點符號不占格。)提示：自我保護(hù)是青少年需要掌握的重要技能。請談?wù)勀阍谏钪性鯓舆M(jìn)行自我保護(hù)(可 結(jié)合生活中的某一個情景或具體事例，如：面對災(zāi)難如何自救，如何預(yù)防受騙或侵害，如何避免生活中的意外，等等)。 Phrases f

45、or reference(以下短語僅供參考)： sskfor help calm down in danger preventfrom (注意：文中不得出現(xiàn)具體人名、校名等個人信息，否則不予評分)范文1As a student, I think it important for me to protect myself from dangerous situations. First of all, I must calm down as soon as possible, for panicking is of no help. Then, as is know to all, callin

46、g 119 immediately is the most effective way to save myself. As well as that, it is best to take the stairs instead of elevators. IN conclusion, with positive attitude and sufficient preparations, I will be able to protect myself from fires. 2：How to protect myself Everyone in my family was awaked by

47、 the unusual shaking. The first word that came to my mind was earthquake. When I looked outside of the window, I found everyone running here and there, and I could hear the shouting from the neighbors. Despite the fact that I was in danger, I told myself to calm down and think about the ways to prot

48、ect myself in an earthquake. I should get outside instead of hiding inside the building. I couldnt take the lift but walk downstairs. No sooner had I got outside than I asked the police for help. And I should always be aware of the unexpected drop overhead. Following these ways, I managed to prevent

49、 myself from being hurt, and survived the earthquake. I believe that these are useful ways to protect myself in an earthquake.3： A terrible fire in Jilin took many peoples lives recently and brought endless pains to a large number of families. So if I were caused in a fire, I would try my best to pr

50、otect myself. First, I would stay calm. A cool head can prevent me from taking rash actions and help to pick out a right solution the first time. Then, I would call 119 with my exact location and the situation then. Most importantly, I would cover myself with wet clothes and made my way to the secur

51、e channel instead of jumping out of the windows. With above tips, I will surely be able to protect myself from fires.十熱點話題背誦篇目關(guān)于上海的變化 1.Great changes in Shanghai With the development of science and technology, great changes have taken place in Shanghai. Many years ago, there used to be narrow bridge

52、s, roads and houses in Shanghai .But now, we can find big bridges, wide roads as well as high buildings everywhere. People live in Shanghai used to live in small houses in narrow streets, but now most of them are living in big and comfortable apartments. Whats more, we can see grass, lakes and parks

53、 here and there. To our great joy , the 2010 World Expo will be held in Shanghai as well. As a shanghainese, I am pound of all these changes .We are sure Shanghai will have a bright future. 關(guān)于學(xué)校生活 2. Our school life Our school life is very colorful. They are many hobby groups in our school, such as

54、singing group, dancing group, science group and so on. We can learn a lot by joining these groups. For example, we hold a Singing Festival in May. We can enjoy ourselves by singing. Its so interesting that everyone likes it very much. We also have a sports meeting in October. It always makes us exci

55、ted. Sometimes we even have friendly matches with other schools. What an enjoyable school life we have! 關(guān)于網(wǎng)上購物 3.Shoppign on the internet Nowadays，shopping on the internet has become a new way of shopping. Indeed，it offers people a lot of advantages. So I prefer to do some shopping on the internet.

56、For one thing, it is convenient because the online shops are open 24 hours a day and we dont have to queue. For the other thing, it is often cheaper to buy goods on the Internet and it is also easy to find out what we want. Additionally，we can save a lot of time. Isnt it great to do shopping on the

57、Internet? 關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí) 4.My way of Learning English As we all know, English is one of the most important language in the world. So its important for us to learn it .Then how can we it well？In my opinion, the best way to learn English is to do more listening, speaking, reading and writing. Whats more, we should practice these skills every day. Of course, interest is the best teacher. The more we learn, the more interesting and helpful well find English. As the saying goes,”Practice makes perfect. 關(guān)于節(jié)日 5.The Spring Festival As we all know, the Spring Festival is