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1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1第1頁/共85頁第2頁/共85頁陽離子交換劑陽離子交換劑 強(qiáng)酸型:強(qiáng)酸型: 磺酸基(磺酸基(-SO-SO3 3H H) 中強(qiáng)酸型:中強(qiáng)酸型: -PO(OH)-PO(OH)2 2 弱酸型:弱酸型: -COOH-COOH第3頁/共85頁第4頁/共85頁第5頁/共85頁 m第6頁/共85頁 第7頁/共85頁抑制產(chǎn)物抑制產(chǎn)物H3BO3H2OCO2 + H2OCO2 + H2OH3N+CH(R)COORNH2+CH(R )SO3CO2 + H2O 淋洗強(qiáng)度淋洗強(qiáng)度很弱很弱弱弱弱弱中等強(qiáng)度中等強(qiáng)度中等強(qiáng)度中等強(qiáng)度中等強(qiáng)度中等強(qiáng)度強(qiáng)強(qiáng) 淋洗劑淋洗劑第8頁/共85頁羧羧 酸酸煙煙 酸酸苯甲酸苯甲酸丁二

2、酸丁二酸檸檬酸檸檬酸富馬酸富馬酸水楊酸水楊酸 pK14.874.194.163.143.032.97 離解度離解度(%)(%)1111222225255858626263 63 淋洗強(qiáng)度淋洗強(qiáng)度弱弱強(qiáng)強(qiáng)弱弱弱弱弱弱強(qiáng)強(qiáng) 第9頁/共85頁調(diào)節(jié)淋洗液強(qiáng)度和極性調(diào)節(jié)淋洗液強(qiáng)度和極性第10頁/共85頁第11頁/共85頁第12頁/共85頁廢液廢液背景電導(dǎo)背景電導(dǎo): : Na2CO3 / NaHCO3(700S)NaF ,NaCl, NaNO3Na2HPO4, Na2SO4ConductivityNaFNaClNaNO3Na2HPO4Na2SO4背景背景電導(dǎo)電導(dǎo): : Na2CO3 / NaHCO3(70

3、0S)ConductivityHFHClHNO3H3PO4H2SO4Retention time背景電導(dǎo)背景電導(dǎo): H2CO3 (15S)Conductivity第13頁/共85頁w溶質(zhì)電導(dǎo)增強(qiáng)(溶質(zhì)電導(dǎo)增強(qiáng)(H H的電導(dǎo)率最大)的電導(dǎo)率最大)Na+, Cl- H+, Cl-w降低流降低流動(dòng)動(dòng)相背景相背景電導(dǎo)電導(dǎo)Na+, HCO3- H2CO3Na+,OH-H2O第14頁/共85頁Cation Anion Total conductivity ( ( ) ) ( ( ) ) (unit:S/m equivalent)第15頁/共85頁離子交換膜離子交換膜離子交換膜離子交換膜流流動(dòng)動(dòng)相屏相屏再生

4、液屏再生液屏再生液屏再生液屏柱流出物柱流出物至檢測(cè)池至檢測(cè)池廢液廢液 再生液再生液第16頁/共85頁: :Anion in the sampleAnion in the sample: :Cation in the sampleCation in the sampleH2CO3第17頁/共85頁H2O: :Anion in the sampleAnion in the sample: :Cation in the sampleCation in the sample第18頁/共85頁第19頁/共85頁第20頁/共85頁新型連續(xù)自動(dòng)再生柱抑制器新型連續(xù)自動(dòng)再生柱抑制器 三根高容量、長壽命和易操作

5、的微填充抑制柱。 一根在流路工作 一根用硫酸再生 一根用水沖洗第21頁/共85頁Na+ H+H2SO4 H2O 工作工作再生再生待用(待用(清洗)清洗)新型連續(xù)自動(dòng)再生柱抑制器新型連續(xù)自動(dòng)再生柱抑制器第22頁/共85頁洗脫液洗脫液 泵柱廢液廢液外加水外加水電解產(chǎn)生抑制劑的抑制器電解產(chǎn)生抑制劑的抑制器純水電源加加壓壓 進(jìn)樣閥進(jìn)樣閥 抑制器抑制器 檢測(cè)池反壓管第23頁/共85頁洗脫液洗脫液泵柱廢液廢液 再生液外加外加化學(xué)化學(xué)抑制劑連續(xù)再生抑制劑連續(xù)再生模式流程圖模式流程圖 加壓進(jìn)樣閥 抑制器抑制器 檢測(cè)池第24頁/共85頁洗脫液洗脫液泵柱廢液廢液 再生液進(jìn)樣閥 抑制器 檢測(cè)池蠕動(dòng)泵 高純水第25頁

6、/共85頁 淋洗液 泵 進(jìn)樣閥 柱 抑制器 檢測(cè)池廢液 反壓管 電源流出物循環(huán)在線流出物循環(huán)在線再生模式流程圖再生模式流程圖第26頁/共85頁衍生化是不得已而為之第27頁/共85頁含柱后衍生裝置的分析系統(tǒng)含柱后衍生裝置的分析系統(tǒng)輸輸液液分離分離檢測(cè)檢測(cè) 進(jìn)樣進(jìn)樣泵泵進(jìn)樣閥色譜柱色譜柱流動(dòng)相流動(dòng)相衍生衍生試劑試劑反應(yīng)環(huán)廢廢液液加加壓壓UV/VIS檢測(cè)器記錄記錄第28頁/共85頁第29頁/共85頁1. 環(huán)境領(lǐng)域2. 食品領(lǐng)域3. 其他領(lǐng)域離子色譜的應(yīng)用離子色譜的應(yīng)用第30頁/共85頁第31頁/共85頁飲用水和廢水分析標(biāo)準(zhǔn)飲用水和廢水分析標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EPAEPA方法方法 EPA 218.6EPA 218.6

7、 CrCr6 6的測(cè)定 EPA 300.0EPA 300.0 Method A: 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)陰離子 (F-, Cl-, NO2-, Br-, NO3-, HPO42- or PO43-, SO42-) Method B: 陰離子副產(chǎn)物或鹵素氧化物(ClO2-, BrO3-, ClO3-)第32頁/共85頁EPA 300.1Method A: 常見陰離子測(cè)定 (F-, Cl-, NO2-, Br-, NO3-, HPO42- or PO43-, SO42-)Method B: 消毒副產(chǎn)物測(cè)定 (Br-, ClO2-, BrO3-, ClO3-)EPA 314ppb級(jí)ClO4-測(cè)定 (致癌、損傷甲狀腺功

8、能)第33頁/共85頁無機(jī)陰離子分析:EPA Method 300.0 A第34頁/共85頁無機(jī)陰離子分析: EPA Method 300.1 A0123456789 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 min13141516171819uS/cmCondfluoride 0.522chloride 1.070nitrite 2.190bromide 1.910DCA 1.860nitrate 1.990phosphate 5.000sulphate 6.700第35頁/共85頁消毒副產(chǎn)物:EPA Method 300.0

9、 B第36頁/共85頁012345678910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28min1314151617uS/cmCondchloritebromatechloridebromidechlorateDCA(1 ppm)第37頁/共85頁0.004.008.0012.0016.00Retention Time (min.)0.0050.00100.00150.00200.00Signal (m V)ClO4ClO4的測(cè)定:EPA Method 314.025 g/L in Reagent Water第38頁/共85頁01

10、23min50100150200250300350mVch11.89Instrument: Metrohm Modular IC with753 Suppressor Module for Post Column DeliveryBischoff Lambda 1010 UV/Vis DetectorEluent: 250mM Ammonium Sulfate 100mM Ammonium HydroxidePump Flow: 1.5 mL/minColumn: Cetac ICSep AN1 Column with Guard-Disc TechnologyPCR: 2mM DPC*, 1

11、0% Methanol, 1 N Sulfuric Acid * (DPC 1,5 Diphenylcarbazide)Cr+61.89 ppb第39頁/共85頁1Column:Column:IonPacIonPac AG14, AS14AG14, AS14EluentEluent: :3.53.5 mM mM Sodium carbonate Sodium carbonate1.01.0 mM mM Sodium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonateFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.21.2 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Vol

12、ume: 10 10 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivity, ASRSSuppressed conductivity, ASRS , ,AutoSuppressionAutoSuppression recycle mode recycle modeSample:Sample:Drinking water from Milpitas, CADrinking water from Milpitas, CAPeaks:Peaks:1. 1. FluorideFluoride0.030.03 mg/Lmg/L2. 2. BicarbonateBi

13、carbonate 3. 3. ChlorideChloride3.123.124. 4. NitrateNitrate0.150.155. 5. PhosphatePhosphate0.040.046. 6. SulfateSulfate4.454.45Analysis of Municipal Drinking WaterAnalysis of Municipal Drinking Water3 3-1 -1 S S3 31 1 2 24 45 56 60.50.50 02 24 46 68 8101012121414 S SMinutesMinutes-0.5-0.51 1 2 24 4

14、5 53 36 6第40頁/共85頁1CationsCations in Tap Water in Tap WaterEluentEluent: :30mM 30mM Methanesulfonic Methanesulfonic acidacidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.0 mL/min1.0 mL/minTemperature:Temperature:40 40 C CInj. Volume:Inj. Volume:25 25 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivity,Suppressed conductivity,CS

15、RSCSRS -ULTRA 4-mm,-ULTRA 4-mm,AutoSuppressionAutoSuppression recycle mode recycle mode Calculated CalculatedPeaks:Peaks:1. Lithium1. Lithium0.002 mg/L (ppm)0.002 mg/L (ppm)2. Sodium 19.7302. Sodium 19.7303. Ammonium3. Ammonium0.0650.0654. Potassium4. Potassium0.9870.9875. Magnesium5. Magnesium7.210

16、7.2106. Calcium 18.5446. Calcium 18.5440 05 510101515202025250.100.101.001.001 13 34 4 S S2 25 56 6Minutes第41頁/共85頁1EPA Method 300.0 (A): Anions in Wastewater0 02 24 46 68 8101012121414MinutesMinutes0 02020 S S1 12 23 35 54 46 6Column:Column:IonPacIonPac AG14, AS14AG14, AS14EluentEluent: :3.53.5 mM

17、mM Sodium carbonate/ Sodium carbonate/1.01.0 mM mM Sodium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonateFlow rate:Flow rate:1.21.2 mL mL/min/minInjInj. volume:. volume:50 50 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivity,Suppressed conductivity,ASRS-ULTRAASRS-ULTRA AutoSuppressionAutoSuppression, , R Recycle Modeec

18、ycle ModePeaks:Peaks:1. 1. FluorideFluoride 0.34 0.34 mg/Lmg/L ( (ppmppm) )2. 2. ChlorideChloride70.470.43. 3. BromideBromide 0.13 0.134. 4. NitrateNitrate 0.31 0.315. 5. PhosphatePhosphate24.024.06. 6. SulfateSulfate154.1154.1第42頁/共85頁1Anions in High Chloride Wastewater:Conductivity Detection0 05 5

19、1010151520202525MinutesMinutes8 80 0 S S3 37 76 65 54 42 21 13 3Column:Column:IonPacIonPac AG9-HC, AS9-HC AG9-HC, AS9-HCEluentEluent: :9.09.0 mM mM Sodium carbonate Sodium carbonateFlow rate:Flow rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. volume:. volume:25 25 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivity,Su

20、ppressed conductivity,ASRS-ULTRA, ASRS-ULTRA, Recycle ModeRecycle ModePeaks:Peaks:1. 1. FluorideFluoride 1.14 1.14 mg/L (mg/L (ppmppm) )2. 2. Acetate Acetate 3. 3. Chloride Chloride 4. 4. NitriteNitrite0.140.145. 5. BromideBromide0.820.826. 6. NitrateNitrate1.471.477. 7. PhosphatePhosphate21.121.18.

21、 8. SulfateSulfate30.330.3Sample:Sample:Synthetic waste waterSynthetic waste watercontaining 2 g/L chloridecontaining 2 g/L chloride第43頁/共85頁1Anions in High Chloride Wastewater:UV Detection0 05 51010151520202525MinutesMinutes0 04.04.0 x10 x10-2 -2AUAU3 32 21 1Column:Column:IonPacIonPac AG9-HC, AS9-H

22、C AG9-HC, AS9-HCEluentEluent: :9.09.0 mM mM Sodium carbonate Sodium carbonateFlow rate:Flow rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. volume:. volume:25 25 L LDetection:Detection:UV at 214 nmUV at 214 nmPeaks:Peaks:1. 1. NitriteNitrite0.180.18 mg/L (mg/L (ppmppm) )2. 2. BromideBromide0.79 0.79 3. 3. NitrateN

23、itrate1.581.58Sample:Sample: Synthetic waste waterSynthetic waste watercontaining 2 g/L chloridecontaining 2 g/L chloride第44頁/共85頁1Column:Column:IonPacIonPac AS7 AS7EluentEluent: :0.5 M 0.5 M NaOAcNaOAc0.1 0.1 NaOHNaOH0.5% (v/v) EDA0.5% (v/v) EDAFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.0 1.0 mLmL/min/minDetection:Dete

24、ction: dc dc AmperometryAmperometry, ,Working Electrode: AgWorking Electrode: Ag0.00 V vs. Ag/0.00 V vs. Ag/AgClAgClCyanide in Waste WaterCyanide in Waste Water6 68 80 02 22 24 40 0MinutesMinutes4 46 68 8S S2- 2- 1000 ppb 1000 ppbCNCN- - 100 ppb 100 ppbCNCN- - 125 ppb 125 ppbS S2- 2- 25 ppb25 ppbWas

25、te WaterWaste WaterIncludingIncluding1M 1M NaOHNaOHMinutesMinutes第45頁/共85頁1Anions in Lake WaterColumn:IonPac AG11, AS11Eluent:KOH (EG-40使用) 2mmol/L (05分), 230 mmol/L (5.1 26分)Flow Rate:1.0 mL/minSuppressor:ASRS-ULTRAInj.Volume:20 LDetection:Conductivity A A B B1. F1. F1.91.90.8 mg/L0.8 mg/L2. ClO2.

26、ClO2 22.92.9- -3. BrO3. BrO3 35.1 5.1 - - 4. 4. ClCl5.45.430.030.05. NO5. NO2 24.94.9- -6. Br6. Br10.210.2- -7. NO7. NO3 311.411.4- -8. ClO8. ClO3 310.110.12.22.29. 9. SeOSeO3 32 210.710.7- -10. SO10. SO3 32 215.715.7- -11. SO11. SO4 42 224.324.334.034.012. 12. SeOSeO4 42 220.020.0- -13. I13. I20.92

27、0.9- -14. PO14. PO4 43 352.752.7- -A) STDA) STD0 01010B) Lake WaterB) Lake Water2020151510105 50 00 010101 14 48 81111141413131212111110109 98 86 67 75 54 43 32 21 1 S/cmS/cm S/cmS/cmTime (min)第46頁/共85頁1SampleSampleAbsorbantAbsorbantDiffusion scrubberGas sample collectionGas sample collectionImpinge

28、rSamplePumpAbsorbant第47頁/共85頁1Analysis of Analysis of GasGasMinutesMinutes0 01 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 910100.00.00.80.8 S S1 1Sep. Column : Sep. Column : IonPacIonPac CS12A CS12AConc. Column : TCC-LP1Conc. Column : TCC-LP1Eluent Eluent : 20mM : 20mM 酸酸Flow Rate : 1 Flow Rate : 1 mLmL/min/minSamplin

29、g Sampling : :Absorbant Absorbant D.I.Water 20mLD.I.Water 20mL 10min. Pumping as 1L/min. 10min. Pumping as 1L/min. 5 5mLmL injection to IC injection to ICDetection :Suppressed ConductivityDetection :Suppressed Conductivity (CSRS-ULTRA) (CSRS-ULTRA)1. NH1. NH3 3+ + 11 11 nLnL/L/LBasicsubstances第48頁/共

30、85頁1Analysis of Analysis of GasGas0 01 1 S S1010MinutesMinutes0 01 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 91 1Sep. Column :Sep. Column : IonPac IonPac AS4A-SC AS4A-SCConc. Column: TAC-LP1Conc. Column: TAC-LP1Eluent Eluent : 1.8: 1.8mM mM NaNa2 2COCO3 3 1.7mM NaHCO 1.7mM NaHCO3 3Flow Rate : 1 Flow Rate : 1 mLmL/min

31、/minInjInj. Volume : 5 . Volume : 5 mLmLDetection :Suppressed ConductivityDetection :Suppressed Conductivity (ASRS-ULTRA) (ASRS-ULTRA)1. SO1. SO4 42-2- (10 (10 nLnL/L as SO/L as SO2 2) )AcidicSubstance第49頁/共85頁第50頁/共85頁牛奶中陰離子0.004.008.0012.0016.00R etention T im e (m in.)0.0020.0040.0060.0080.00D et

32、ector Signal (m V)C l -H PO42-SO42-IonnConc. Measured(mg/L)RSD(%)Recovery(%)Cl-39230.28106HPO42-317580.28100SO42-31560.5390第51頁/共85頁10246uSGreen Tea12345Brown Tea0246uS1234502468101214MinutesCoffee0246uS123451. F- 2. Cl- 3. NO2- 4. SO42- 5. N3- spiked NaN3 8mg in each 1mL beverageColumn : Column : I

33、onPacIonPac AG15, AS15AG15, AS15EluentEluent: 42: 42mMmM KOH KOHTemp. : 30Temp. : 30Flow : 1.2 Flow : 1.2 mLmL/min/minInjInj. Vol.: 25 . Vol.: 25 L LPrep.: dilute Prep.: dilute 200 x200 xfilteredfiltered 第52頁/共85頁1Column:Column:IonPacIonPac AS9-SC, AG9-SCAS9-SC, AG9-SCEluentEluent: :1.71.7 mM mM Sod

34、ium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonate 1.81.8 mM mM Sodium carbonate Sodium carbonateFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.51.5 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Volume: 25 25 L LDetection: Detection: Suppressed conductivitySuppressed conductivityPeaks:Peaks:A: SampleA: Sample 2. Nitrate2. Nitrate71.671.6 ppmppm 3. Unident

35、ified3. Unidentified 4. Unidentified4. Unidentified 5. Unidentified5. Unidentified B: Sample SpikedB: Sample Spiked 1. Nitrite1. Nitrite0.50.5 ppmppm 2. Nitrate2. NitrateSampleSamplePreparation:Preparation: 1. Approximately 8 g diluted1. Approximately 8 g dilutedwith 50with 50 mL mL DI water DI wate

36、r 2. Centrifuged 15 min2. Centrifuged 15 min 3. Filtered to 0.2 3. Filtered to 0.2 m mNitrite and Nitrate in BananaNitrite and Nitrate in Banana0 02 24 46 68 81010121214140 0 10 10 S S A: SampleA: Sample B: Sample Spiked with 0.5B: Sample Spiked with 0.5 ppm ppm Nitrite Nitrite2 23 34 45 5MinutesMin

37、utes0 02 24 40 0 4 4 S S1 12 2第53頁/共85頁0 .0 04 .0 08 .0 01 2 .0 0R e te n tio n T im e (m in .)0 .0 05 .0 01 0 .0 01 5 .0 02 0 .0 0D etector S ignal (m V )N a +K +C a 2+M g 2+IonnConc. Measured(mg/L)RSD(%)Recovery(%)Na+43900.67893K+514810.55798Ca2+59110.989104Mg2+41101.0287第54頁/共85頁果汁中陽離子0 .0 04 .0

38、08 .0 01 2 .0 0R e te n tio n T im e ( m in .)0 .0 01 0 .0 02 0 .0 03 0 .0 04 0 .0 0D e te c to r S ig n a l (m V )N a+K+C a2 +M g2 +IonnConc. Measured(mg/L)RSD(%)Recovery(%)Na+534.80.7093K+58800.7499Ca2+585.60.7295Mg2+549.40.9695第55頁/共85頁1Column:Column:IonPacIonPac CS12 analytical column (4 mm) CS1

39、2 analytical column (4 mm) CG12 guard column (4 mm)CG12 guard column (4 mm) CTC-1CTC-1 Cation Cation Trap TrapEluentEluent 1: 1:DeionizedDeionized water waterEluentEluent 2: 2:100100 mM Methanesulfonic mM Methanesulfonic acid acidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Volume:25 25

40、L LDetection: Detection: Suppressed conductivitySuppressed conductivityPeaks:Peaks:1. Sodium1. Sodium5.3 5.3 mg/Lmg/L 2. Ammonium2. Ammonium2.32.3 3. Potassium3. Potassium9.09.0 4. Magnesium4. Magnesium0.20.2 5. Calcium5. Calcium1.71.7Sample dilution: 1:10Sample dilution: 1:10CationsCations in a Die

41、t Cola by IC in a Diet Cola by ICMinutesMinutes024681012010S12345Gradient:TimeE1E2E3E4 Initial8416 5.008416 5.016040 10.006040第56頁/共85頁1Column:Column:CS12/CG12/CS12/CG12/CationTrapCationTrapEluentEluent 1: 1:DeionizedDeionized water waterEluentEluent 2: 2:100100 mM Methanesulfonic mM Methanesulfonic

42、 acid acidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Volume: 25 25 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivitySuppressed conductivityPeaks:Peaks:1. Sodium1. Sodium 2. Ammonium2. Ammonium3. Potassium3. Potassium 4. Magnesium4. Magnesium5. Calcium5. CalciumCationsCations in Wine in Wi

43、neMinutesMinutes0 02 24 46 68 8101012120 0 10 10 S S1 12 23 34 45 5第57頁/共85頁1Comparison ofComparison of Cation Cation Concentrations in Lager Beer, Concentrations in Lager Beer,Stout and Ale Using Ion ChromatographyStout and Ale Using Ion ChromatographyColumn:Column:IonPacIonPac CS12 analytical colu

44、mn (4 mm) CS12 analytical column (4 mm)CG12 guard column (4 mm)CG12 guard column (4 mm) CTC-1CTC-1 CationTrap CationTrapEluentEluent 1: 1:DeionizedDeionized water waterEluentEluent 2: 2:100100 mM Methanesulfonic mM Methanesulfonic acid acidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Vol

45、ume:25 25 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivity Suppressed conductivity Peaks:Peaks:1. Sodium1. Sodium 2. Ammonium2. Ammonium 3. Potassium3. Potassium 4. Magnesium4. Magnesium 5. Calcium5. CalciumGradient:Gradient:TimeTimeE1E1E2E2E3E3E4E4 InitialInitial 84 841616 5.005.00 84 841616 5.015.01

46、 60 604040 10.0010.00 60 604040 0.002.004.006.008.0010.00 -1 10 uS0.002.004.006.008.0010.00 -1 10 uSMinutesMinutes0.002.004.006.008.0010.0012.00 -1 10 uS1010 S S0 01 12 23 34 45 51010 S S0 01 13 34 45 51010 S S0 01 12 23 34 45 5BritishBritishAleAleBritishBritishStoutStoutAmericanAmericanLagerLager2

47、20 02 24 46 68 810101212第58頁/共85頁11 10 0 S S15153 3Organic Acids in Grape JuiceOrganic Acids in Grape JuiceGrape Juice, 1:100 DilutionGrape Juice, 1:100 Dilution4 48 85 52 20 05 5101015152020Column:Column:IonPacIonPac ICE-AS6 ICE-AS6EluentEluent: :0.40.4 mM Heptafluorobutyric mM Heptafluorobutyric a

48、cid acidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Volume:50 50 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivitySuppressed conductivity AMMS-ICEAMMS-ICEPeaks:Peaks:1. 1.InorganicsInorganics 2. 2.TartaricTartaric 3. 3.GalacturonicGalacturonic 4. 4.CitricCitric 5. 5.MalicMalic 6. 6.FormicF

49、ormic 7. 7.AceticAcetic 8. 8.UnknownUnknownMinutesMinutes6 67 7第59頁/共85頁1Organic Acids in Tomato ProductsOrganic Acids in Tomato ProductsTomato Juice, 1:100 DilutionTomato Juice, 1:100 DilutionKetchup, 1:100 DilutionKetchup, 1:100 Dilution1 14 46 60 0MinutesMinutes S S15153 35 52 2 S S0 00 010101010

50、202025255 57 77 74 43 31 1Column:Column:IonPacIonPac ICE-AS6 ICE-AS6EluentEluent: :0.40.4 mM Heptafluorobutyric mM Heptafluorobutyric acid acidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Volume:50 50 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivitySuppressed conductivity AMMS-ICEAMMS-ICEP

51、eaks:Peaks:1. 1.InorganicsInorganics2. 2.MalonicMalonic3. 3.CitricCitric4. 4.MalicMalic5. 5.FormicFormic6. 6.AceticAcetic7. 7.UnknownUnknown第60頁/共85頁10.005.0010.0015.00 -0 5 uSGradient Separation of Organic Acids in Orange Juice(1:100 dilution)Minutes5S012345678910111213141516 18051015Peaks:1. Quina

52、te1.0mg/L2. Lactate0.43. Acetate0.14. Glycolate0.15. Formate0.256. d-Galacturonate0.37. Chloride0.68. Nitrate0.259. Glutarate1.010. Succinate0.211. Malate10.012. Sulfate0.813. Oxalate2.014. Phosphate2.015. Citrate8.016. Isocitrate1.517. cis-Aconitate0.518. trans-Aconitate0.5Column:IonPac AS11Eluent

53、1:D.I. WaterEluent 2:1.0 mM Sodium hydroxideEluent 3:100 mM Sodium hydroxideEluent 4:100% MethanolFlow Rate:2.0 mL/min.Detection:Suppressed conductivity,Chemical suppression modeTime (min.)%E1%E2%E3%E4 07020010 5702001061頁/共85頁1Organic Acid Profiles of Different Fruit JuicesColumn:Colum

54、n:IonPacIonPac AS11 AS11EluentEluent: :Hydroxide/Methanol GradientHydroxide/Methanol GradientPeaks:Peaks:1. 1. Quinate Quinate2. Lactate2. Lactate 3. Acetate3. Acetate 4. 4. Glycolate Glycolate 5. 5. FormateFormate 6. 6. d-Galacturonate d-Galacturonate 7. Chloride7. Chloride 8. Nitrate8. Nitrate 9.

55、9. Glutarate Glutarate 10.10. Succinate Succinate 11.11. Malate Malate 12.12. Malonate Malonate 13.13. Tartrate Tartrate 14. Sulfate14. Sulfate 15. Oxalate15. Oxalate 16. Phosphate16. Phosphate 17. Citrate17. Citrate 18.18. Isocitrate Isocitrate 19.19. cis-Aconitate cis-Aconitate 20.20. trans-Aconit

56、ate trans-Aconitate 5 S 0051015Apple Juice123456 7910811121415161720Minutes125S0Grape Juice34567 8910141617182021113151第62頁/共85頁1Organic Acids in BeerOrganic Acids in Beer20201010Dark Lager, 1:30 DilutionDark Lager, 1:30 DilutionLager, 1:30 DilutionLager, 1:30 Dilution0 0 S S1 12 24 46 67 79 98 80 0

57、5 51515MinutesMinutes - 1 - 1 0 0 S S151515153 31 12 23 34 45 55 57 78 89 9Column:Column:IonPacIonPac ICE-AS6 ICE-AS6EluentEluent: :0.40.4 mM Heptafluorobutyric mM Heptafluorobutyric acid acidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Volume:50 50 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed cond

58、uctivitySuppressed conductivity AMMS-ICEAMMS-ICEPeaks:Peaks:1. 1.InorganicsInorganics 2. 2.InorganicsInorganics3. 3.MaleicMaleic4. 4.CitricCitric5. 5.MalicMalic6. 6.FormicFormic 7. 7.LacticLactic 8. 8.CarbonicCarbonic 9. 9.Succinic Succinic 第63頁/共85頁1Organic Acids in WinesOrganic Acids in Wines - 1

59、- 1 20201010White Wine, 1:30 DilutionWhite Wine, 1:30 DilutionRed Wine, 1:30 DilutionRed Wine, 1:30 Dilution0 0 S S0 0 S S0 025255 5 - 1 - 1 2 5 2 5 1010202030301515252535351 12 24 46 65 57 79 910108 812121111131314141515 - 1 - 1 2 5 2 5 25250 05 525251515MinutesMinutesMinutesMinutes1 12 23 34 45 56

60、 67 78 89 91010111112121313Column:Column:IonPacIonPac ICE-AS6 ICE-AS6 EluentEluent: :0.40.4 mM Heptafluorobutyric mM Heptafluorobutyric acid acidFlow Rate:Flow Rate:1.01.0 mL mL/min/minInjInj. Volume:. Volume:50 50 L LDetection:Detection:Suppressed conductivitySuppressed conductivity AMMS-ICEAMMS-IC

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