小升初英語動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)(共42頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上動(dòng)詞1 動(dòng)詞的概念。動(dòng)詞表示主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。 如：I read Englih every day. (表示動(dòng)作）It is autumn. (表示狀態(tài)）The old man is carryinng a heavy box. (表示動(dòng)作）2 動(dòng)詞的種類。 動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can,may,must,need,would be 動(dòng)詞is,am,are,was,were 連系動(dòng)詞 感官類feel,smell,sound,taste,look存在持續(xù)類keep,stay,appear 變化類become,get,turn,grow 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞hear,say,read,

2、writebe動(dòng)詞的用法 我是am,你是are,is跟著他，她和它，復(fù)數(shù)人稱都用are. 如： I am a student. You are a teacher. My father and mother are workers. 連系動(dòng)詞的用法 （1）連系動(dòng)詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 如： 誤：The cloth is feeling soft. 正：The cloth feels soft. (2)連系動(dòng)詞不用副詞來修飾，其后跟形容詞做表語。 如： 誤：You should keep quietly in the hospital. 正：You should keep quiet in t

3、he hospital.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法 考點(diǎn)1.can和could的用法。 表示能力，意為“能，會(huì)”。She can drive, but she cant ride a bike. 她會(huì)開車，但不會(huì)騎自行車。I hope to offer you some useful advice. 我希望給你一些有用的建議。He can give you some books. 他能給你一些書。 表示請求或允許，意為“可以”。Can I use your telephone？我能用下你的電話嗎？You can go now. 你現(xiàn)在可以走了。We can ask her for help.

4、 我們可以向她尋求幫助。 could是can的過去式，表示過去的能力。I could swim all the way across the lake，but I cant now. 我以前可以游過這片湖，但現(xiàn)在不能了。He could cook when he was young. 他年輕時(shí)會(huì)做飯。He could be saved, but he wasnt sent to hospital in time.他原本可以獲救的，但他沒有被及時(shí)送到醫(yī)院。 表示請求時(shí)，could的語氣比can更加委婉，肯定回答用can，而不用could。- Could you lend your car to

5、me? 你可以把你的車借給我嗎？- Of course, I can. 當(dāng)然，可以?？键c(diǎn)2：may和might的用法。 表示請求或允許，意為“可以”。其否定回答用mustnt或cant，意為“不可以、不允許、禁止”，不可用may not。You may go home now. 你現(xiàn)在可以回家了。May I have a word with you，please？我能跟你講話嗎?May I have it ? 我能擁有它嗎？-May I go now? 我現(xiàn)在可以走了嗎？-No, you mustnt. 不，不可以。 表示推測，意為“可能、也許”，用于肯定句中。He may be at hom

6、e. 他可能在家里。They may come tomorrow. 他們明天可能會(huì)來。 might是may的過去式，表示推測時(shí)，可能性比may小。He might go to see the doctor. 他可能去看醫(yī)生了。She might get angry with you. 她可能生你氣了?？键c(diǎn)3：must的用法。 表示必須，否定式為mustnt，意為“禁止”。I must go now. 我現(xiàn)在必須走了。We must study hard. 我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。You mustnt play with fire. 你一定不能玩火。 表示推測，意為“一定”，只用于肯定句中，否定句中用

7、cant。The man over there must be my father. 那邊那個(gè)男的一定是我爸爸。The light is on. Someone must be at home. 燈亮著，家里一定有人。That girl on the playground cant be my sister, because she has gone abroad. 那個(gè)女孩一定不是我姐姐，因?yàn)樗絿馊チ恕?以must開頭的疑問句，肯定回答用must，而否定回答則用neednt或dont have to，意為“不需要、不必”，而不能用mustnt。-Must I hand in the ho

8、mework now? 我需要馬上交作業(yè)嗎？-No, you neednt / dont have to. 不，你不需要?？键c(diǎn)4：need的用法。 need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，直接接動(dòng)詞原形，只用于否定句和疑問句中，構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句時(shí)不用助動(dòng)詞。用need提問時(shí)，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt。You neednt do it. 你不需要做那件事。 -Need I come here tomorrow? 我明天需要來嗎？-Yes, you must / No, you neednt (dont have to). 是的，你必須來。/不，你不必。 need作行為動(dòng)詞

9、時(shí)，有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可用于肯定句、否定句或疑問句中，構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句時(shí)要用助動(dòng)詞do, does, did。The boy needs the parents love. 這個(gè)孩子需要父母的愛。The flowers in the park needed a lot of water. 花園里的花需要很多水?？键c(diǎn)5：shall和should的用法。 shall用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見。Shall I open the window? 我可以打開窗戶嗎？Shall we have lunch at a restaurant? 讓我們在餐館吃午飯好嗎？ shall 用于第二、三人稱時(shí)，表

10、示警告、命令、允諾等。Everyone shall keep silent during the meeting. 會(huì)議期間每個(gè)人都要保持安靜。My father shall buy me a new bicycle on my birthday. 我爸爸會(huì)在我生日的時(shí)候給我買輛新的自行車。 should 用來表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任，意為“應(yīng)該”。We should obey the traffic rules. 我們應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則。The children should listen to their parents. 孩子應(yīng)該聽父母的話?？键c(diǎn)6：will和would的用法。 will表示請求、詢

11、問或意愿。Will you help me with my English? 你可以幫我學(xué)習(xí)英語嗎？He will do anything for his family. 他愿意為自己的家庭做任何事。 would用來表示過去的意愿或委婉的詢問。When I was young, I would do a lot of hard work. 當(dāng)我年輕的時(shí)候，我愿意做很多艱苦的工作。Would you please tell me how to get to the zoo. 你能告訴我怎么去動(dòng)物園嗎？Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意來參加我的晚會(huì)嗎？

12、考點(diǎn)7：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法易混點(diǎn)。 can和be able to表示能力時(shí)，can只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)，其他時(shí)態(tài)要用be able to。另外，表示成功做成某事時(shí)，用be able to。Tom couldnt ride the bike, but now he can. 湯姆以前不會(huì)騎自行車，但是現(xiàn)在會(huì)了。He will be able to came back in three days. 再過三天他就可以回來了。A big fire took place in the house, but all the people were able to escape from it. 房子起大

13、火了，但是所有人都成功逃脫了。 must和have to均表示“必須”，但must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀意愿，have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。We must study hard at school. 在學(xué)校我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。The sun is setting and I have to go home. 太陽要落山了，我必須回家了。 could, would, might等有時(shí)并不表示過去，而是表示委婉客氣的語氣。Could I use your pen? 我可以用你的筆嗎？Would you mend the bike for me? 你可以幫我修下自行車嗎？實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的用法 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一般在句子中做謂語，有

14、人稱，時(shí)態(tài)的變化。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞可以單獨(dú)用作謂語。 如： I like English. The child is playing the piano.動(dòng)詞的基本形式 英語動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式，即動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)，過去式，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。 動(dòng)詞原形用于固定用法和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中主語非三單，第三人稱單數(shù)用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中主語為三單，過去式用于一般過去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去分詞用于完成時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。（1） 動(dòng)詞原形變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則，與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則大致一樣： 規(guī) 則 例 詞 一般的動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-s works,reads,looks,lives 以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾加-

15、es finishes,guesses,catches,goes,mixes 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，加es flies,studies,carries 以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加s stays,plays 特 殊 has(2) 現(xiàn)在分詞 規(guī) 則 例 詞 一般情況直接在詞尾加-ing working,reading,looking 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞去e加-ing smiling,moving,taking,writing 以字母y結(jié)尾的直接加-ing carrying,studying 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母動(dòng)詞，要雙寫末尾字母加-ing sitting

16、,digging,cutting,planning,shopping, stopping,swimming 以字母ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將ie改為y加ing die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying(3) 動(dòng)詞的過去式（規(guī)則變化） 規(guī) 則 例 詞 一般在詞尾加-ed worked, asked,jumped 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d closed,liked,agreed 以輔音字母加y的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，加-ed studied,carried,tried 以元音字母加y的動(dòng)詞，直接加ed played,stayed不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式 以重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾

17、字母加-ed stopped,shopped, planned,dropped（1）costcost 花費(fèi)（35）bringbrought帶來（2）cutcut 切割（36）buybought 買（3）hithit 打擊（37）fightfought 打架（4）hurthurt 傷害（38）thinkthought 認(rèn)為 （5）letlet讓（39）catchcaught 抓?。?）putput 放（40）teachtaught 教（7）readread讀（41）lend lent借給（8）drivedrove駕駛（42）sendsent送（9）riderode騎（43）spendspent花

18、費(fèi)（10）writewrote寫（44）buildbuilt建筑（11）winwon贏（45）smellsmelt聞起來（12）getgot得到（46）meetmet遇見（13）become became變得（47）feelfelt感覺（14）comecame來（48）keepkept保持（15）runran跑（49）sleepslept睡覺（16）beginbegan 開始（50）sweepswept打掃（17）drink drank喝（51）leaveleft離開（18）ringrang打電話（52）standstood站（19）singsang唱歌（53）taketook帶走（20）sw

19、imswam游泳（54）forgetforgot忘記（21）givegave給（55）sellsold賣（22）sitsat 坐（56）telltold告訴（23）growgrew生長（57）havehad有（24）knowknew知道（58）hearheard聽說（25）throwthrew扔（59）makemade制作（26）drawdrew畫畫（60）findfound發(fā)現(xiàn)（27）fallfell落下（61）paypaid支付（28）blowblew吹（62）saysaid說（29）dodid做（63）eatate吃（30）flyflew飛（64）seesaw看到（31）wearwore

20、穿（65）loselost失去（32）gowent去（66）lielay躺（33）speakspoke說（67）arewere是（34）breakbroke打斷（68）am,iswas是三，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 當(dāng)我們說時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式，也就是說時(shí)態(tài)體現(xiàn)在謂語動(dòng)詞的不同形式變化上。下表簡單說明了各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞的不同結(jié)構(gòu)變化：（注：表中do代表動(dòng)詞）時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)定義謂語動(dòng)詞變化 時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示說話的此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或事情。 She is singing in the gym. 表示即將到來或很快發(fā)生的事，常有“意圖”“安排”或“打算”的含義，這樣給人一種期待感。

21、The train is leaving. be動(dòng)詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞（be+動(dòng)詞ing） 1.Now,Look，.Listen,. 2.Where is sb? -Sb. is/are doing. 3.-Be quiet! Sb. is/are doing. 4.-What are you doing? 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 表示當(dāng)前或現(xiàn)階段事物的狀態(tài)、特征。 She is a good student. 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、規(guī)律性的動(dòng)作。 She often goes to school at 9:30. 表示客觀真理、客觀存在、客觀事實(shí)。 The earth moves around the sun

22、.主語三人稱單數(shù)主語+動(dòng)詞三單形式She goes She doesnt goDoes she go1. often、sometimes、usually、always、never2. every day（months、years）3. once a week(month,year.)4. twice a week(month,year.)5. on Mondays(Tuesdays.)主語非三單主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形I go I dont goDo you go.?一般過去時(shí) 表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、事件。動(dòng)詞過去式：動(dòng)詞+ed (talked)1.this morning、2.yesterd

23、ay,.ago、 3.last year/month/week 4.just now不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞過去式 (went)一般將來時(shí) 表示打算、計(jì)劃或意圖要做的動(dòng)作或事件。be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 1.tomorrow、 2.next week/month/week 3.in+時(shí)間段 will+動(dòng)詞原形一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)一寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_  carry _come_   watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ &#

24、160;teach_二、用括號內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl

25、 _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed

26、.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三按照要求改寫句子。1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every d

27、ay.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(對劃線部分提問)_8. John comes from Canada.(對劃線部分提問)_9. She is always a good student.

28、(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)_四改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak English?      _2. Does he likes going fishing?          _3. He likes play games after class.      _4. Mr. Wu teachs us

29、English.             _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _五、將下列動(dòng)詞改成其第三人稱單數(shù)形式。1.have 2.carry 3.walk 4.wash 5.study 6.sit 7.look 8.live 9.miss 10.go 11.do 12.fly 13.watch 14.make 15.catch 16.stop 17.take 18.pull 19.push 20.jump 六、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.I Xiao Ming.

30、I nine years old.2.Dick a singer.3.Excuse me, you a teacher?4.Tom and Lucy good friends.They in the same class.5.What day it today?6.It not a penguin（企鵝）.7.There boxes too heavy for me.8.There a tree on the hill.9.There many birds in the sky.10.My name Martin.I from Australia.七、用括號內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式填空。1.He

31、 (get) up at six oclock.2.He (study)hard.3.Danny sometimes (go) to school by bike.4.The earth (go) around the sun.5.It seldom (rain) here in summer.6.My shirt (be)dirty.And it (need) washing.7.A bird (fly) with wings.8.Mike always (help) the old man.9.We (start) school today.10.Dad doesnt (like) but

32、ter and cheese.11.Miss Liu (teach) us English.12.His father (do) housework, his mother (work) in an office.13.The sun (rise) in the east.14.Mary usually (get up) early in the morning.15. the rabbit (jump) high?Yes,it .八、單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1. his uncle any books?A.DO; haveB.Doe; hasC.Does; hasD.Does; have( )2.M

33、y mother every morning.A.ranB.runC.runsD.runs( )3.Lily well in English.A.dont doB.doesnt doC.isnt doD.do( )4. it often rain in spring? Yes.it .A.Does; doesB.Did; didC.Does; doC.Do; do( )5.He usually to the park on Sundays.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going( )6.Where your friend live? She in Beijing.A.do; liveB

34、.does; livesC.is; liveD.does; live( )7. their mother watch TV at nine? No, she .A.Do; dontB.Does; dontC.Does; doesntD.Do; do( )8. he have any brothers sisters? Sorry, I dont know.A.Do; orB.Do; orC.Does; andD.Does;or( )9.The Greens a big party on Saturdays.A.haveB.hadC.will haveD.has( )10.They usuall

35、y TV in the evening.A.watchesB.watchC.are watchingD.watched( )11.I ill. Im staying in bed.A.wasB.wereC.amD.is( )12.Do you maths lesson every day?A.haveB.to haveC.havingD.has( )13.Mr Zhang Chinese this term.A.teaches ourB.teaches usC.teachs usD.teach our( )14.The earth around the sun.A.movingB.movesC

36、.movedD.moveing( )15.I a dress every day.A.wearsB.wearedC.wearD.wearing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。1.take 2.carry 3.ask 4.begin 5.brush 6.buy 7.jog 8.swim 9.catch 10.clean 11.stop e 13.dance 14.sing 15.drink 16.plant 17.grow 18.eat 19.get 20.glow 二、用括號內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Mary (cook) nice food for her family now.2

37、.Look! It (snow) now.3.We (write) a book this month.4.It (get) dark. Lets go home.5.My father (play) chess with my uncle now.6.Mary (come) soon.7.Listen! The mouse (eat) candies.8. .Excuse me, why are you (cry)?. I lost my book.9.Im sorry! You cant come in.Dad (sleep).10.It (rain)outside.Please clos

38、e the window!11.Listen, the telephone (ring).12. .What the boy (do) on the road?.He (ride) a bike.13.The birds (fly)over the sea.14.The bananas (get)ripe.15.Look. He (dance) beautifully.三、單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1.I cant sleep, because the English teacher is me now.A.lookB.lookingC.looking atD.looks( )2.Look! The c

39、at after a mouse.A.is running B.is runingC.runsD.run( )3.Listen! Jerry a song.A.singB.is singingC.singsD.singing( )4.What is Mike doing?He basketball.A.is playingB.playsC.playD.playing( )5.Be quiet! Mum .A.sleepB.sleepsC.sleepingD.is sleeping( )6.What are the twin sisters doing? .A. Theyre joggingB.

40、 Shes joggingC. Theyre joggingD. Shes jogging( )7.Everyone to their teacher in the classroom.A.are listening B.is listeningC.listenedD.listen( )8.What doing?A.are theyB.do theyC.does theyD.they are( )9.Tom is TV. Marry and Kate are .A. watch; sleepB. watching; sleepC. watching; sleepingD. watch; sle

41、eping( )10.The students an English lesson now.A.havingB.arent havingC.are haveD.has四，按要求改寫句子。1.The old man is taking a walk in the park. （改為否定句） 2.We are talking about how to learn English well.（對畫線部分提問） 3.Mike is playing computer games.（對畫線部分提問） 4.Lily is looking for her pencil.（改為一般疑問句，并作否定回答） 5、

42、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food  now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5oclock now. We _(have)supper now.10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .一般將來時(shí)練習(xí)一、根據(jù)問句，從框中選擇正確的答語。1.What are you going to do?2.Where will he go this summer?3.What is your bike like?4.When will you get up tomorrow?5.W