合同翻譯：概述及國際貨物銷售合同

1、Translation of Contract1. Definition of ContractContracts are agreements between equal natural persons, legal persons and other organizations for the purpose of establishing, altering and terminating mutual civil rights and obligations.合同是平等主體的自然人、法人、其他組織之間設(shè)立、變更、終止民事權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的協(xié)議。2.1 與合同訂立有關(guān)的術(shù)語與合同訂立有關(guān)的術(shù)

2、語1) Essential elements of a contract:(a) Offer(b) Acceptance（a+b=Agreement）(c) Consideration (Past, Sufficient)(d) Intention(e) Capacity (Full, Limited, Minor)2. Key Terminology2) Form of ContractsContract by deedContract in writingContract evidenced in writingOral contract3) 與offer和acceptance相關(guān)概念I(lǐng)n

3、vitations to TreatInvitations to tender/ tender Counter offer new offerCommunicatePostal rulePrivity of contract4) 與與consideration有關(guān)概念有關(guān)概念Past ConsiderationSufficient considerationPromissory Estoppel2.2 與合同內(nèi)容有關(guān)的術(shù)語與合同內(nèi)容有關(guān)的術(shù)語Express termsImplied termsConditions, Warranties and Innominate TermsExclusio

4、n/Exemption clauses2.3 與合同救濟相關(guān)術(shù)語與合同救濟相關(guān)術(shù)語Breach of contractAnticipatory breachDamages Specific performance Injunction Rescission of the contract.Liquidated damages3. Major Categories of International Business Contracts1) Contracts for International Sale of Goods國際貨物銷售合同2) Contracts for International

5、 Technology Transfer 國際技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同4. 合同的語言特征4.1 程式化出口合同 本合同于由ABC貿(mào)易有限公司（以下簡稱“賣方”）和 XYZ貿(mào)易有限公司（以下簡稱“買方”）于2012年8月5日簽訂。買賣雙方同意按以下條款購買、出售下述商品。Export Contract This Contract is entered into this 5th day of August 2012 between ABC Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell, and XYZ Trading

6、Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goods on the following terms and conditions.4.2 準(zhǔn)確性application: 適用enforcement: 執(zhí)行implementation: 實施operation: 運用injury: 損害serious prejudice: 嚴(yán)重侵害nullify:喪失impair: 傷害 This agreement shall come into force on and from the day of sig

7、nature.本協(xié)議自簽訂之日起生效。 Shipment is to be made on or before March 31,2013.4.3 嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性The offer remains in force till May 2, 2006 (inclusive). Party A Shall pay to Party B five (5) percent of the total price for work, i.e. sixty-three thousand (63,000) US dollars.RMB 2375.00 (SAY: RMB TWO THOUSAND THREE HUND

8、RED AND SEVENTY FIVE ONLY)（大寫:人民幣貳仟叁佰柒拾伍元整）4.4 一致性關(guān)鍵詞語（名詞和動詞）譯法前后要保持一致，防止同義異譯。Article 1 Party A shall deliver to Party B as soon as possible after this Agreement becomes effective, but in any event within 60 days thereafter, at Party Bs address set forth above, all the Technical and Sales Informatio

9、n, relating to Licensed Products.第一條 本協(xié)議生效后，甲方應(yīng)盡快且最遲在本協(xié)議生效后六十天內(nèi)，按上述乙方地址向乙方提交有關(guān)特許產(chǎn)品全部技術(shù)與銷售情報。4.5 莊重性(formal language)Term：The term of this lease shall commence on August 20, 2010 and shall terminate on June 30, 2012 unless terminated sooner as herein provided. In the event that the Tenant transfers f

10、rom the unit rented under this lease to another unit the Tenant shall have three consecutive calendar days from the “termination of this lease” to move to the new unit and shall be billed on all additional days on a per-diem basis. 本協(xié)議自2010年8月20日生效至2012年6月30日終止。除本協(xié)議另有規(guī)定，不得提前終止本協(xié)議。如承租人從租住的單元移至另一單元，承租

11、人自“終止本協(xié)議”之日起將有連續(xù)3日時間搬離，如超出3日，超出部分均按日計租。5. 國際貨物銷售合同翻譯涉及到的因素1) Name of Commodity貨物名稱2) Specifications, Quantity and Unit Price規(guī)格、數(shù)量和單價3) Total Value 總金額 4) Country of Origin and Manufacturers 生產(chǎn)國和制造商5) Packing包裝6. Shipping Mark嘜頭（用文字、圖形和記號標(biāo)明在貨物的包裝上,以便識別一批貨物不同于另一批的標(biāo)記。內(nèi)容有批號、件號、港口、目的地、收貨人、生產(chǎn)國名、合同號碼、貨名、數(shù)量

12、等.）7. Time of Shipment裝運日期Shipment within the last ten-day period of March, 2000, subject to acceptable L/C reaches Sellers before the last ten-day period of January, 2000, and partial shipment is not allowed.（2000年3月下旬裝運，但以賣方2000年1月下旬以前收到可接受信用證為條件，不允許分批裝運。）8. Port of Shipment 裝運港9. Port of Destinat

13、ion 目的港10. Payment: 支付條款By a prime bankers Irrevocable Sight Letter of Credit in Sellers favor, for 100% value of goods.（憑一流銀行開出的不可撤消的即期信用證付款，信用證以賣方為受益人，并按照貨物金額100%開具。）A Letters of Credit is a written undertaking by the issuing bank to the beneficiary, under which the bank will pay a sum certain in

14、money to the beneficiary if the beneficiary of the L/C provides the bank with specified documents within a prescribed time period, which all comply with the terms and conditions of the credit.信用證是銀行（即開證行）依照進口商（即開證申請人）的要求和指示，對出口商（即受益人）發(fā)出的、授權(quán)出口商簽發(fā)以銀行或進口商為付款人的匯票，保證在交來符合信用證條款規(guī)定的匯票和單據(jù)時，必定承兌和付款的保證文件。2021-

15、12-142111. Insurance: 保險The Buyer hereby entrusts the Seller to insure the goods against W.P.A. and T.P.N.D. for 120% of the invoice value. The insurance premium should be borne by the Buyer.買方委托賣方按發(fā)票全額的120%投保水漬險和偷竊提貨不著險，保險費由買方承擔(dān)。WPA (With Particular Average)“保賠單獨海損”/水漬險: 承保的范圍是平安險所包括的范圍加上單獨海損。按照水漬險

16、條款的規(guī)定，被保險貨物的單獨海損的損失即使不是由于船舶的擱淺、透明礁沉沒或焚毀等意外事故引起的，保險公司信要負(fù)責(zé)賠償。水漬險提供了比平安險更廣泛的保障，因而保費也相應(yīng)高一些。T.P.N.D.:（Theft, Pilferage and Non-Delivery偷竊提貨不著險）:偷是指保險有效期內(nèi), 整件貨物被偷走，以及貨物運抵目的地以后，整件未交的損失，由保險公司負(fù)責(zé)賠償。竊則一般是指包裝完整的整件貨物中僅一部分被竊去。整件提貨不著必須是沒有原因, 沒有蹤跡提貨不著, 必須向責(zé)任方取得整件提貨不著的書面證明。12. Documents: 單據(jù)The following documents sh

17、all be prepared by the Seller and submitted to the Buyer: （賣方應(yīng)準(zhǔn)備以下單據(jù)提交買方）Commercial Invoice in _Copies（商業(yè)發(fā)票_份）Full set of clean on board ocean Bills of Lading made out to_.（全套清潔已裝船提單，提貨人為_.） Insurance Policy; 保險單Quality Inspection Certificate 質(zhì)量檢驗證Certificate of Origin 原產(chǎn)地證Packing List 裝箱單Notice of

18、Shipment 裝船通知The following other Documents:_以下其他單據(jù)：13. Overdue Interest:過期利息If the Buyer fails to pay any amount when due, the Buyer shall be liable to pay to the Seller overdue interest or such unpaid amount from the due date until the actual date of payment at the rate of 5 percent per annum. Such

19、 overdue interest shall be paid upon demand of the Seller.如買方未能按期支付到期款項，買方應(yīng)支付未付款項，否則應(yīng)自到期日起到實際支付日按年利率5%計算過期利息。一經(jīng)賣方提出，買方應(yīng)支付該利息。14. Inspection: 檢驗15. Penalty: 違約金1) Failure to Make Timely Delivery 未按期交貨In the event of the Seller for its own sake fails to make delivery of all the goods on time as stipul

20、ated in this contract, the Seller shall pay a penalty to the Buyer. 如果賣方由于自身原因未能按合同規(guī)定按期交付全部貨物，賣方應(yīng)向買方支付違約金。The penalty shall be charged at the rate of 2% of the amount of the delayed goods for every 10 days of delay in delivering the goods; however, the penalty shall not exceed 20% of the total value

21、 of goods involved in the late delivery. Any fractional days less than 10 days shall be deemed to be 10 days for the calculation of penalty.違約金將在遲延交貨后每10天按所遲交貨物總價的2%收取，但違約金不能超過遲交貨物總價的20%。為了便于計算違約金，不足10天的小數(shù)天數(shù)按10天計算。2) Failure to Timely Open the Letter of Credit未能如期開具信用證In the event that the Buyer for

22、 its own sake fails to open the Letter of Credit on time as stipulated in this contract, the Buyer shall pay penalty to the Seller. 如果買方由于自身原因未能按合同規(guī)定按期開具信用證，買方應(yīng)向賣方支付違約金。The penalty shall be charged at the rate of 2% of the amount of the Letter of Credit for every10 days of delay in opening the Lette

23、r of Credit, however, the penalty shall not exceed 20% of the total value involved in the Letter of Credit amount. Any fractional days less than 10 days shall be deemed to be 10 days for the calculation of penalty. 違約金將在延遲開具信用證后每10天按所遲開信用證貨物總價的2%收取，但違約金不能超過遲開信用證貨物總價的20%。為了便于計算違約金，不足十天的小數(shù)天數(shù)按10天計算。16.

24、 Force Majeure: 不可抗力Neither party shall be held responsible for failure or delay to perform all or any part of this Contract due to flood, fire, earthquake, snowstorm, hailstorm, hurricane, war, government prohibition or any other events that are unforeseeable at the time of the execution of this Co

25、ntract and could not be controlled, avoided or overcome by such party.任何一方如果由于洪水、火災(zāi)、地震、雪暴、雹暴、颶風(fēng)、戰(zhàn)爭、政府禁令或其他在履行合同時無法預(yù)見并不能控制、不可避免或無法克服的事件，致使不能或遲延履行合同的全部或一部分時，該方不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。 However, the party whose performance is affected by the event of Force Majeure shall give a notice to the other party of its occurrence

26、as soon as possible and a certificate or a document of the occurrence of the Force Majeure event issued by the relative authority or a neutral independent third party shall be sent to the other party by airmail not later than 15 days after its occurrence.但是，受不可抗力影響的一方應(yīng)立即通知另一方，并于事件發(fā)生后15天內(nèi)向另一方航空郵寄有關(guān)當(dāng)局

27、或獨立的中立第三方出具的發(fā)生此種事件的證明書或文件。 17. Claims: Except those claims for which a third party is liable, should the quality, specifications, quantity, weight, packing and requirements for safety or sanitation/hygiene of the goods be found not in conformity with the stipulations to this contract, the Buyer shal

28、l give a written notice of claims to the Seller and shall have the right to lodge claims against the Seller based on the Inspection Certificate issued by the Inspection Organization provided in Clauses 14.2 to this Contract within 21 days from the date of completion of unloading of the goods at the

29、port of unloading. In the event of nonconformity, the Seller shall promptly repair or replace such goods or supply the quantity that is deficient.除了第三方應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的索賠，如發(fā)現(xiàn)貨物的質(zhì)量、規(guī)格、數(shù)量、重量、包裝及涉及安全或衛(wèi)生/保健等方面和合同的規(guī)定不一致，買方應(yīng)對賣方發(fā)出書面通知并有權(quán)根據(jù)第14條第2款中所述的有關(guān)檢驗當(dāng)局出據(jù)的檢驗證書對賣方提出索賠。索賠應(yīng)在卸貨港卸貨完成后21天內(nèi)提出。如發(fā)生不一致，賣方應(yīng)立即修理或更換這些貨物或補充數(shù)量。 I

30、n the event that the Buyer does not make such claim within the above-mentioned time-limit, the Buyer shall forfeit its right to make a claim with respect to the quantity deficiency or the apparent quality defect. 如果買方未在上述期限內(nèi)提出索賠，則買方將視為放棄對貨物數(shù)量不足或明顯的質(zhì)量瑕疵索賠的權(quán)利。 18. Termination: 合同的解除Except as provided

31、elsewhere, this Contract may be terminated in either of the following case:除非另有約定，該合同將在下述情況下解除：1) Through mutual written agreement by both parties; 雙方共同達成書面協(xié)議； 2) If the other party fails to perform its obligations within the time-limit agreed upon in this Contract, and fails to eliminate or remedy

32、such breach within 7 days following the receipt of the notice thereof from the non-breaching party. 如果另一方未能在合同約定的時間內(nèi)履行其義務(wù)，并且在收到未違約方通知后起七天內(nèi)未能消除違約或采取補救措施。19. Notice: 通知20. Incoterms (International Commercial Terms)國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語Unless otherwise stipulated in this Contract, the terms and conditions of this Con

33、tract shall be interpreted in accordance with the International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms (INCOTERMS 2000) provided by international Chamber of Commerce. 21. Arbitration:仲裁All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract should be settled through friendly negotiation. Sho

34、uld no settlement be reached through negotiation, the case shall be submitted for arbitration in the Country where the defendant resides. 一切因執(zhí)行本合同引起的爭議，均應(yīng)由雙方友好協(xié)商解決。如協(xié)商不能取得解決，則應(yīng)提交仲裁，仲裁應(yīng)在被告所在國進行。 If the arbitration takes place in China, the case shall be submitted to the Foreign Trade Arbitration Comm

35、ission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT), Shanghai and the arbitration rules of this Commission shall be applied. 如仲裁在中國，應(yīng)提交上海中國國際貿(mào)易促進會對外貿(mào)易仲裁委員會，按照其仲裁規(guī)則進行仲裁。 If the arbitration takes place in the USA, the case shall be submitted to the Foreign Trade Arbitration Co

36、mmission of Council for the Promotion of International Trade NY and the arbitration rules of this arbitration organization shall be applied. 如仲裁在美國，應(yīng)提交紐約國際貿(mào)易促進會對外貿(mào)易仲裁委員會，按照其規(guī)則進行仲裁。 The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fee shall be borne by the lo

37、sing party unless otherwise awarded by the arbitration organization.該仲裁委員會的裁決為終局性的，對雙方均有約束力，仲裁費用，除非仲裁委員會另有裁定，概由敗訴方承擔(dān)。22. Supplementary conditions 補充條款 This contract shall be written in English and Chinese languages, with two originals and one copy for each side. This contract shall come into effect from the da