動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞表示主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

1、一動(dòng)詞的種類。(1) 及物動(dòng)詞 vt ，其后接賓語。 eg She wears a uniform(2) 不及物動(dòng)詞 vi ，不接賓語。 eg ： She can dance(3) 連系動(dòng)詞 like-v 接表語。 eg They are nursesThat sounds interesting.His mother looks young.If you keep milk for too long, it goes bad (4) 助動(dòng)詞 aux-V 接動(dòng)詞原形或分詞 (它無實(shí)在意思，只起語法作用)。eg, DO you like pandas?He has gone to Austral

2、ia She is looking at the cat (5) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 mod-v 接動(dòng)詞原形 (它不能單獨(dú)作謂語， 有自己的意思， 無人稱和數(shù)的 變化 )。Eg. He must go now You should clean the classroom after class (6) 有些動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞，也可作助動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞，be 也可作助動(dòng)詞。egI do my homework after class (Vt )Do as you like (Vi )She is a little bit quiet (mod-v )She is swimming now (aux-v )

3、 二情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法(一)can, could, may 的用法l .can could(1) 表示具有某種水平,意為“能,能夠,會(huì)”(could 表過去 )。eg I can sing English songs Lisa can'tspeak JapaneseShe could swim when she was four years old (2) 表示許：可、允許,意為“能夠” 。 eg Can we watch TV now?You can'tplay computer games in the morning (3) 表示請(qǐng)求某人做某事,意為“能,能夠”(用 coul

4、d 使晤氣更委婉 )。eg CanCould you help me , please?(4) 表示推測(cè)“可能” ,多用于否定句和疑問句中。 (表肯定推測(cè)可用 must, might , could 等 )eg。it can'tbe true.這不可能是真的。Where can he have gon e?他可能會(huì)去哪兒呢 ？2 may might(1)表示許可、允許，意為“能夠” ，比 can 更正式。eg. May l use your pen? 我能夠用你的鋼筆嗎 ?May l ask you a question? 我能夠問你個(gè)問題嗎 ?(2)表示推測(cè)“可能” ，用于肯定句和否

5、定句，不能用于疑問句。eg. He may be at home now.他可能現(xiàn)在在家。She may n ot be there today .今天她可能不在那兒。(二 )can 與 be able to 的區(qū)別1. 兩者都能夠用來表示水平。eg. I canam able to mend the bike.2. can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)(Can)和過去時(shí)(could)，而be able to可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。eg. I will be able to come back in another few months.He hasn'tbeen able to get there before

6、 dark.3. can 能夠表示推測(cè)，但 be able to 不能。eg. That Can't be Gina's dictionary .4. can與be able to;不能重復(fù)使用eg.他能做好這件事。He can be able to do is well . (X)He can do it well . (V)He is able to do it well . (V)( 三 )must 與 have to 的區(qū)別1. 主客觀方面不同。must 表“義務(wù)”或“強(qiáng)制” ，表示主觀的必要;在肯定句中 must 還可表推測(cè)，語氣 要比 may 肯定多。 have t

7、o 表“必須”或“不得不” ，表示客觀的必要。eg We must clean the room (表示我們認(rèn)為房間太臟了。)We have to clean the room (表示沒有人替我們打掃房間等客觀原因。)He must beat home before supper。 (他晚飯前一定在家。 )2. 人稱和時(shí)態(tài)不同。must無人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，一律用must十動(dòng)詞原形。have to后接動(dòng)詞原形，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)要用has to,過去時(shí)中要用had to,將來時(shí)中要用 will have to 。另外， have to 還可與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞連用。e

8、g： Tom must practice his guitar every day The train has left We'll have to wait for the next train 3否定式及意義不同。must not=mustn't “決不可千萬不可務(wù)必不要”; don'tdoesn'tdidn'twon't+have to "不必”eg We mustn'ttell jokes on him 我們千萬不可與他開玩笑。We don'thave to tell jokes on him 我們不必和他開玩笑。在對(duì)May I? 作否定回答時(shí)用 No, you mustn 'can'.eg. May l go to the movies? NO , You mustn't5疑問式及回答不同。Must+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+? Yes,主語+ must./ NO，主語+needn't. 助動(dòng)詞+主語+have to+動(dòng)詞原形+?Yes,主語+助動(dòng)詞./ N