無法打開STEP7項目硬件組態(tài)或只讀出錯

1、SIEMENS為什么項目、程序塊或硬件組態(tài)根本無法打開，或者打開時出現(xiàn)錯誤信息，或是顯示只讀概述：本條目描述了在用STEP 7打開或保存項目、程序塊、硬件組態(tài)時需要注意的事項。如果根本不能打開項目、程序塊或硬件組態(tài)，或者出現(xiàn)錯誤消息，或者只顯示為只讀”則可能是由于下列原因引起的。1. 使用早先版本處理當(dāng)前版本的 STEP 7項目。2. 更新硬件目錄。3. 不兼容或者缺少可選軟件包。4. 用戶權(quán)限。5. 存儲器需求。6. STEP 7項目中存在有缺陷的文件。7. 在資源管理器中從S7Proj目錄復(fù)制STEP 7項目。8. 打開位于服務(wù)器上項目中的程序塊。9. 在Windows中設(shè)置的系統(tǒng)日期不正

2、確。10. 要打開的項目語言與STEP 7語言或與當(dāng)前 Windows語言不相符。11. 訪問保護功能激活。12. 打開或恢復(fù)已刪除的項目。為了處理這樣的項目，更改硬件組態(tài)或執(zhí)行菜單命令“Save and d Compile 我們建議采取下表中的措施。序 號關(guān)于處理STEP 7項目的注意事項：1使用早期版本STEP7處理當(dāng)前新版本的STEP 7項目例如，STEP 7版本V5.3可以向下兼容STEP 7版本V5.2。在版本V5.3中創(chuàng)建的項目可以在V5.2版本中處理，前提是V5.3項目中沒有使用V 5.2的STEP 7版本不支持的組件和功能，例 如新CPU或新功能。? 舉例來說，如果要使用 ST

3、EP 7 V5.2處理一個STEP 7 V5.3項目，則在V5.3項目中 只能使用版本V5.2已知的模塊訂貨號。如必要的話，應(yīng)當(dāng)使用原有產(chǎn)品訂貨號”組態(tài)新模塊。? 將來，在STEP 7 V5.2和更高版本中，將能夠 重載”新模塊。請參閱自述文件中第 6.6 小節(jié) Cha ngi ng betwee n the differe nt versio ns of STEP 7 的內(nèi)容 New modules in old versions of STEP 7。如果您在STEP 7 V5.2中打開或者解壓縮一個在 V5.3或V5.4中創(chuàng)建的項目，將會出現(xiàn)以下消息，然后只能讀取硬件組態(tài)。? S7 Har

4、dware Update optio ns package not available.（ S7 硬件更新選件包不可用）? The project in eludes objects of the "Hardware Update" opti ons package that cannot be processed, because the opti ons package is not in stalled or an obsolete version of it is in stalled.（項目中包含硬件更新選件包中無法處理的對象，因為該選件包未女裝或者 安裝的版本為

5、過期版本）2更新硬件目錄建議安裝缺失的更新包以更新硬件目錄。在Hardware Configuration 中執(zhí)行功能"Options >In stall Hardware Updates.。關(guān)于這方面的更多詳情還可以參閱In ternet上以下條目號的FAQ :? 在STEP 7 V5.2和V5.3中如何更新STEP 7模塊目錄？ ”條目號：17581199.（填寫文檔類型：常問問題）P1-8Service & SupportSIEMENS不能直接訪問In ternet的情況下如何更新硬件目錄？”，條目號：22374877注意事項:在 Hardware Con fig

6、urati on 的 “ Opti ons > In stall Hardware Updates. 下的""In stall Hardware Updates ”對話框中，您可以看到所列模塊的技術(shù)規(guī)格以及可以將硬件更新安裝到哪個版本的 STEP 7。MEI-11II e zi"罰訕| *3 37柯員4砂：|1*0ILiUfl ?F?辰 »» rr r1刪樹vk?n 巾|Mli iiafiD.id H 憧4>IMh：IUi'tau_n |i »i>vfl90-A.3 J-jKL Bll' lfclCf

7、LWl'9 FK5.? nSfeJtf-'rMtahDKp"l «V| V r?啊<!9WFiKi7w4,lMCHh*i 置宥 niflSRiW i1 TgFMKH-i ?8（填寫文檔類型：常問問題）P#-8Service & SupportSIEMENS8（填寫文檔類型：常問問題）P#-8Service & SupportSIEMENS圖01 不兼容或者缺少可選軟件包查看創(chuàng)建STEP 7項目時使用了哪些附加選件包。選中項目名稱并右擊鼠標(biāo)，然后在打開的彈 出菜單中選擇 "Object Properties。隨后，在 “Prop

8、erties - Project 對話框中，選擇 “Required Software Packages標(biāo)簽頁。該頁向用戶提供了處理該項目所需的軟件包清單以及這些軟件包 是否已安裝。圖02安裝缺少的所有選件包，例如樣例中的S7-HiGraph （圖02）。所需的軟件包必須與安裝的STEP 7版本以及操作系統(tǒng)相兼容。查看兼容性列表，檢查安裝的選件包是否兼容，或者是否需要進行升級或更新。兼容性列表位于Windows的以下路徑：? "Start > SIMATIC > Product In formation > En glish > Compatibility L

9、ist"兼容性列表顯示了根據(jù)已安裝的STEP 7版本和操作系統(tǒng)版本確定的所需選件包版本，例如S7-GRAPH （圖03）。如果相關(guān)選件包的版本與 STEP 7版本不兼容，必須相應(yīng)地更新軟件。W WHB,r n h1 - 'M I Ml *5r -Lb祁 1 r'Hi , * nf 耳i1'.lil山屮 I- rfl I a*rlf圖03條目：18734363 包括 SIMATIC 軟件和 Microsoft Windows 操作系統(tǒng)及 STEP 7 V5.3 和 V5.4 完整的兼容信息。用戶權(quán)限請參閱自述文件第 3.1節(jié)“ Run time environm

10、ent，” " User rights部分的信息。在 Win dows 2000/2003/XP 和STEP 7 V5.3 SP2中，必須 至少作為是用戶權(quán)限登錄（不能作為客人）。對于所有的老版本STEP 7 ,您至少需要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用戶權(quán)限。您需要管理員權(quán)限才能安裝STEP 7和選件包以及設(shè)置PG/PC接口。存儲器需求STEP 7 V5.4 需要大約650 MB到900 MB的空閑硬盤空間。Windows操作系統(tǒng)支持在硬盤上（通常情況：C盤）使用額外的空間交換文件，其大小取決于可 擴展的內(nèi)存。應(yīng)該保持至少兩倍于主內(nèi)存大小的空閑容量。（例如：主 內(nèi)存為512 MB，則安裝了 STEP 7之后

11、，另外需要硬盤上有1024 MB的空閑存儲空間用于交換文件）。根據(jù)項目的大 小，可能需要更大的交換文件空間，例如復(fù)制整個項目時（額外需要兩倍于項目大小的硬盤空間）。如果為交換文件預(yù)留的空間太小，則可能會發(fā)生錯誤 （甚至可能導(dǎo)致程序崩潰）。其它的與 STEP 7 V5.4同時運行的Windows應(yīng)用程序側(cè)如MS Word）也需要為交換文件保留額外的硬盤 空間。更多關(guān)于在Windows操作系統(tǒng)中設(shè)置虛擬內(nèi)存的信息可參閱FAQ在MS Win dows XP/2000/ME/NT/9x 中如何進行虛擬內(nèi)存設(shè)置？ ”，條目號: 20440472 。STEP 7項目中存在有缺陷的文件通過"Fil

12、e > Save as.和選項“With reorganization （slow）為您的項目制作一個副本。該操作同時也刪除了程序中的空隙，對項目進行了壓縮。數(shù)據(jù)存儲得以優(yōu)化且項目的存儲空間需求降 低。8（填寫文檔類型：常問問題）P#-8Service & SupportSIEMENS8（填寫文檔類型：常問問題）P#-8Service & SupportSIEMENS7>7在資源管理器中從S7Proj目錄復(fù)制STEP 7項目：在SIMATIC管理器中，對于每個STEP 7項目，在“驅(qū)動器名C或D, .>:ProgramsSieme nsSTEP7S7Proj，

13、中會創(chuàng)建一個項目文件夾用以保存項目數(shù)據(jù)。必須始終避免通過資源管理器從該目錄中向其它驅(qū)動器或者向服務(wù)器復(fù)制STEP 7項目。如果您從“S7Proj復(fù)制項目目錄，并非項目的所有部分和數(shù)據(jù)庫的所有部分都能被復(fù)制，這樣可 能破壞項目。STEP 7項目應(yīng)當(dāng)總是：? 通過“File > Save as命令將'它們保存在不同的驅(qū)動器或不同的目錄中，? 或使用“File > Archive .進行備份。所創(chuàng)建的ZIP文件可以被傳送到其它的PC并在那 里用STEP 7解壓縮。打開塊所屬的項目位于一個服務(wù)器上如果使用的是某個早期版本的 STEP 7 （V4.x，V5.0或V5.1），連接其它計

14、算機時必須指定驅(qū)動 器盤符。為了與服務(wù)器建立連接，必須首先關(guān)閉所有的STEP 7應(yīng)用程序，在資源管理器中通過功能“Tools > Map Network Drive.為服務(wù)器路徑指定驅(qū)動器盤符，從而建立與服務(wù)器的連 接。連接建立起來之后，便擁有項目的完整訪問權(quán)限（讀和寫）。注意事項：8（填寫文檔類型：常問問題）P5-8Service & SupportSIEMENS在STEP 7 V5.2中，支持通過UNC路徑的連接選項。9Won dows中設(shè)置的系統(tǒng)日期不正確檢查PC上的系統(tǒng)日期設(shè)置。在某些情況下，可能會出現(xiàn)這樣的情況：如果系統(tǒng)日期設(shè)置不正 確，解壓縮STEP 7項目后打開項目

15、塊時會出現(xiàn)報錯消息。此時，我們建議您關(guān)閉所有的STEP 7應(yīng)用程序并到控制面板中更正系統(tǒng)日期。然后重新啟動PC,此時上述情況應(yīng)當(dāng)消除。10生成項目的操作系統(tǒng)語言不符合任一種 STEP 7語言或與當(dāng)前 Windows語言不相符 從STEP 7 V5.3 SP2開始，由于系統(tǒng)特性的原因，消息顯示項目只能在指定的窗口語言下打 開：? 從STEP 7 V5.3 SP2版本開始創(chuàng)建的項目? 創(chuàng)建項目時的操作系統(tǒng)語言不符合任一種 STEP 7語言?或與當(dāng)前 Windows語言不一致? 如果項目沒有被設(shè)置成語言不相關(guān)如果打開一個STEP7項目比如說是俄語的操作系統(tǒng)語言環(huán)境中創(chuàng)建的，必須在當(dāng)前的操作系統(tǒng) 控制

16、面板中，預(yù)先將語言設(shè)置成俄語。如果您希望在任何語言環(huán)境中都能打開STEP7項目或庫文件，您需要將項目標(biāo)注成 語言不相關(guān)”關(guān)于這方面的說明和更多信息可以參閱以下條目號：? 當(dāng)從STEP 7版本V5.3 SP2打開一個項目時為什么會提示需要在 操作系統(tǒng)中安裝外語 插件的消息？（條目 ID: 22635865 ）.使用STEP 7在線幫助在 使用外語字符集”章節(jié)冋樣可以發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的信息。11訪問保護功能激活如果在STEP 7 V5.4創(chuàng)建的項目中激活訪問保護功能 （"Options > Access Protection > Enable ”選項訪問保護激活”）該項目就無法在更早

17、版本的 STEP 7中打開。為防止這種 狀況，那么必須在 STEP 7 V5.4 SIMATIC 管理器中預(yù)先取消訪問保護功能（“Options > Access Protection > Disable選項'訪問保護取消激活”）為了在STEP 7 V5.4打開一個帶有訪問保護功能的項目，必須在對話框“SIMATIC Logon Service中輸入用戶名、密碼和域名。更多信息可參閱以下條目號：? "STEP 7項目中如何激活訪問保護功能和如何創(chuàng)建一個用戶作為項目管理員？”（條目 ID: 25470496 ）.12打開或恢復(fù)已刪除的項目 不能恢復(fù)已刪除的項目。關(guān)鍵

18、字:歸檔程序，程序異常中止，多用戶系統(tǒng)，多用戶模式，多重項目，版本沖突條目號:22809379日期：2009-09-03Scroll dow n for En glish:Why can projects, blocks or the HW Config either not be ope ned at all or only ope ned with error messages or only as "read only"?Descriptio n:This entry describes some of the properties that you should t

19、ake into acco unt whe n ope ning and saving projects and blocks, and with hardware configuration in STEP 7. If projects, the dialogs of the blocks and the hardware configuration cannot be opened at all, or can only be opened with error messages or only as "read onl y", the n the follow ing

20、 are probably the cause of this behavior.1. Using an earlier version to process a STEP 7 project of a curre nt version.2. Updati ng of the hardware catalog.3. In compatible or miss ing optio nal software packages.4. User rights5. Memory requireme nts6. Defective files in the STEP 7 project.7. Copy i

21、ng of the STEP 7 project in the Explorer from the S7Proj directory.8. Opening of blocks whose project is on a server.9. In correct sett ing of the system date in Win dows.10. Opening a project that was created in only one operati ng system Ian guage that does not corresp ond to a STEP 7 and curre nt

22、 Win dows Ian guage11. Access Protecti on activated12. Opening or restori ng deleted projectsTo process the project, make cha nges in the hardware con figurati on and execute the menu comma nd "Save and Compile" we recomme nd the remedies in the follow ing table.No.Notes on process ing STE

23、P 7 projects:1Using an earlier version to process a STEP 7 project of a curre nt versionSTEP 7 version V5.3, for example, is dow nwards compatible to STEP 7 version V5.2. Projects created in version V5.3 can be processed in this version as long as no components and fun ctio ns are used in a V5.3 pro

24、ject, which are n ot supported in earlier versions of STEP 7, like new CPUs or new fun cti ons, for example.? If a STEP 7 V5.3 project is to be process, for example with STEP 7 V5.2, then in the V5.3 project you can on ly used module order nu mbers that are known in version V5.2. If n ecessary, you

25、should con figure new modules with the "predecessor order nu mber".? As of STEP 7 V5.2 in future you will be able to "retroload" new modules.Please also refer to the note in the readme file in sect ion 6.6 "Cha nging betwee n the differe nt versions of STEP 7", "Ne

26、w modules in old versions of STEP 7". If you ope n or dearchive a project in STEP 7 version V5.2, which has bee n created in version V5.3 or V5.4, the follow ing messages might be displayed and subseque ntly you can only read the hardware con figurati on.? S7 Hardware Update opti ons package no

27、t available.? The project in cludes objects of the "Hardware Update" optio ns package that cannot be processed, because the opti ons package is not in stalled or an obsolete version of it is in stalled.2Updati ng of the hardware catalogWe recomme nd that you in stall the miss ing updates f

28、or updati ng the hardware catalog. In the Hardware Con figurati on you execute the fun ctio n "Opti ons > In stall Hardware Updates.". More information on this is also available in our FAQs in the Internet in the Entry IDs given below:? "How do you update the STEP 7 module catalog

29、in STEP 7 V5.2 and V5.3?", Entry ID: 17581199 .? "How can you update the hardware catalog without direct Internet access?", Entry ID: 22374877Note:In the "I nstall Hardware Updates" dialog in the Hardware Con figurati on un der "Opti ons > In stall Hardware Updates.&

30、quot;, you see the specificati ons of the modules listed and as of which version of STEP 7 you can in stall the hardware update.（填寫文檔類型：常問問題）P7-8*Service & SupportSIEMENSW f ¥1I|3笙時A fl 3 5*74-14Mvli Ji IKUU Id II MlkZJVC/EJJVOl.fii l> 30v*i Al 鼻皿hiSdi師 HQHQQ fl fjQWl UililkLffl JLdift上.

31、ODJCT VIt!vll tL4tdD_dFig. 01In compatible or miss ing optio nal software packagesCheck which additi onal opti onal packages were used to create the STEP 7 project. Highlight the n ame of the project and right-click it. Then select "Object properties" in the pop-up menu that ope ns. Then,

32、in the "Properties - Project" dialog, you select the "Required software packages" tab. This gives you a list of the software packages required for process ing the project and whether or not they are in stalled on your PC.Fig. 02In stall any opti ons package that is miss in g, lik

33、e S7-HiGraph in the example (Fig. 02).The software packages required must be compatible with the version of STEP 7 in stalled and the operat ing system. Check the compatibility list to see whether your in stalled opti ons packages are compatible or whether you have to retrofit and upgrade or an upda

34、te. The compatibility list is available in Win dows un der:"Start > SIMATIC > Product In formation > En glish > Compatibility List"The compatibility list shows for your in stalled vers ion of STEP 7 and the operati ng system the version you require for the opti ons package, e.g

35、. S7-GRAPH (Fig. 03). If your version of the releva nt opti ons package is not compatible with your version of STEP 7, you must upgrade your software accord in gly.Fig. 03Entry ID: 18734363 includes a complete overview of the compatibility of SIMATIC software products with Microsoft Win dows operat

36、ing systems and with STEP 7 V5.3 and V5.4.User rightsPlease also refer to the in formatio n in the readme file, sect ion 3.1 "Run time environmen t", "User rights". In STEP 7 V5.3 SP2 in Win dows 2000/2003/XP you must log in at least as user (not as guest). For all earlier versio

37、ns of STEP 7 you n eed at least sta ndard user rights. You n eed adm ini strator rights for in stall ing STEP 7 and the opti ons package and for sett ing up the PG/PC in terface.Memory requireme nts STEP 7 V5.4 requires between about 650 MB and 900 MB of free memory on your hard disk. The Win dows o

38、perati ng systems supported require additi onal memory on the hard disk (typically disk C:) for the swap file, depe nding on the memory expa nsion available. You should keep at least twice the size of the main memory free. (Example: with a main memory expansion of 512 MB you need another 1024 MB of

39、free memory on the hard disk for the swap file after installing STEP 7). Depending on the project size you might need a larger swap file whe n copy ing an en tire project, for example (twice the project size in additi on on the hard disk). If the memory for the swap file is too small, errors might o

40、ccur (or the program might even crash). Other Win dows applicati ons (e.g. MS Word) running simulta neously with STEP 7 V5.4 also require additi onal hard disk space for the swap file.More information on setting the virtual main memory in the Windows operating systems is available in our FAQ? "

41、How do you make the sett ings for the virtual memory in MS Win dows XP/2000/ME/NT/9x?", in Entry ID: 20440472 .Defective files in the STEP 7 projectMake a copy of your project with "File > Save as." and the opti on "With reorga ni zati on (slow)". This also deletes the ga

42、ps in the program and compresses the project. Data storage is optimized and the project's memory requireme nt reduced.FkC '.Pl吟*活占畔囲PkWfcC*>-5SLL A證1匚諂誼聲卞屈代聲缸 伸C傭巧*了1加時訂_£了T 上7 匚連tpfSfgM芋F.T汩 rCVWW '-'S WWW-'hj i BtrLnQ_0if 匚審占矗卓叫噸上Fig. 04Copy ing of the STEP 7 project in

43、 the Explorer from the S7Proj directory:For each STEP 7 project in the SIMATIC Man ager a directory is created for the project data on the drive via "<Drive name C or D, .>:ProgramsSieme nsSTEP7S7Proj". You must always preve nt STEP 7 projects being copied from this directory to ano

44、ther drive or to a server via the Explorer.If you copy the project directory from "S7Proj", not all parts of the project and not all parts of the database are copied and in this way the project can be destroyed. The STEP 7 projects should always be? copied using "File > Save as .&q

45、uot; to save them on a differe nt drive or in a differe nt directory,? or backed up using "File > Archive .". The ZIP file created can the n be tran sferred to ano ther PC and dearchived there in STEP 7.8 Opening of blocks whose project is on a serverIf you are worki ng with one of the

46、earlier vers ions of STEP 7 (V4.x, V5.0 or V5.1), you must assign a drive letter when connecting with another computer. In order to set up a connection to the server, you must first close all the STEP 7 applications and set up the link to the server by assigning a drive letter to the server path via

47、 the function "Tools > Connect network drive." in the Explorer. Once you have set up this connection it is possible to have complete access (read and write) to the project.Note:In STEP 7 V5.2 and higher the conn ecti on opti on is supported via the UNC path.9In correct setti ng of the s

48、ystem date in Win dowsCheck the sett ing of the system date on your PC. In certa in cases it might be the case that after dearchiving a STEP 7 project, error messages appear upon opening a block if the system date is set in correctly .In this case we recomme nd that you close all the STEP 7 applicat

49、i ons and the correct the system date in the Con trol Pan el. The n reboot the PC and this behavior should be cleared.10Opening a project that was created in an operat ing Ian guage that does not corresp ond to the STEP 7 or curre nt Win dows Ian guageFrom STEP 7 version V5.3 SP2, for system-specifi

50、c reas ons, the message appears that the project can only be ope ned in the specified Win dows Ian guage:? in projects which have bee n n ewly created from STEP 7 V5.3 SP2 and? which have bee n created in an operat ing system Ian guage which does not corresp ond to one of the STEP 7 Ian guages or? the curre nt Win dows Ian guage, and? if the project has not bee n set to be Ian guage-n eutral.If you open a STEP 7 project that was previously created in an operating system with the Ian gua