unit3--words and phrases

1、1. perfect 1) adj. 完美的，徹頭徹尾的，十足的Nobody is perfect.人無完人。Practice makes perfect. 練習(xí)成就完美。The pool area is perfect for entertaining. (be perfect for: 最適合.)游泳池一帶最適合娛樂。She was a perfect fool.她是個十足的傻瓜。2) vt, 使完美，使熟練We perfected a hand-signal system so that he could keep me informed of hazards.我們完善了一套手語體系，以

2、便他能告知我危險。2. spot 1) n. 地點；斑點The dog with black spot on his neck is cute.那個脖子上長著黑色斑點的狗狗很可愛。They stayed at several of the island's top tourist spots.他們在島上幾個最好的旅游景點呆過。2) vt. 認(rèn)出；弄臟；用燈光照射; vi. 沾上污漬；滿是斑點Vicenzo failed to spot the error.維森佐沒能發(fā)現(xiàn)這個錯誤。The scandal spotted his character.那件丑聞玷污了他的人格。His boot

3、s were spotted with mud.他的靴子上沾有泥漬。3) adj. 現(xiàn)場的；現(xiàn)貨買賣的Several television stations gave spot coverage to the conference.好幾家電視臺對大會作了現(xiàn)場報導(dǎo)。Related phrases: On the spot: 立刻，當(dāng)場He is hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot. 一棵樹倒下來，把他當(dāng)場砸死了。What I'd like to do is fire you on the spot.我要立即把你解雇。3. execut

4、ive1) adj. 行政的；經(jīng)營的；執(zhí)行的，經(jīng)營管理的Some of the executive staff were eased out to cut down expenses. 為了削減開支，有些行政人員被辭退了。2) n. 經(jīng)理；執(zhí)行委員會；執(zhí)行者；經(jīng)理主管人員An executive should be experienced in administration.一個管理者應(yīng)有行政管理的經(jīng)驗。 Related phrases: chief executive 行政長官；董事長；美國總統(tǒng)；（美國的）州長executive director 執(zhí)行理事；常務(wù)董事chief executi

5、ve officer 首席執(zhí)行官；總裁4. Pound1） n. 磅，英鎊；重?fù)?，重?fù)袈?；拘留所Her weight was under ninety pounds.她的體重不足90磅。a pound of cheese.一磅奶酪。The pound is expected to continue to increase against most other currencies.英鎊對多數(shù)其他貨幣的匯率有望繼續(xù)上升。2） vt. 搗爛；敲打；監(jiān)禁，拘留The farmers pound rice in a mortar.農(nóng)民們在臼中舂米。He had to pound the nails i

6、nto the board with a stone.他只好用石塊將釘子敲進(jìn)木板。3） vi. (心臟等)怦怦跳Her head began to pound.她的頭開始怦怦地抽痛。Related phrases:pound at: 沉重敲打、連續(xù)轟擊A. 沉重地敲打 hit or knock heavily onWho's that pounding at the door in the middle of the night?午夜時分,不知誰在敲門?B. 連續(xù)不斷地轟擊 fire steadily at the same placeThe two fleets pounded at

7、 each other.兩支艦隊彼此猛轟。5. survive1)vt. 幸存；生還；幸免于；比.活得長Most women will survive their spouses.大多數(shù)女性比她們的配偶活得長。No one survived the crash.無人在這次撞擊中幸免于難。I don't know how I ever survived high school.我都不知道我是怎樣熬過高中那段歲月的。2) vi. 活著，繼續(xù)生存You need to be tough to survive in the jungle.要在叢林中活下來就要有堅忍不拔的意志。We cannot

8、 survive for long without food and drink.我們沒有食物和飲料就活不了多久。Related phrase:Survive/exist on sth: 靠.生存Human children are “expensive” to raise, requiring years of parenting before they can survive on their own. 養(yǎng)育人類的孩子，代價高昂，在他們能夠獨(dú)立生存之前需要多年的養(yǎng)育。6. particular: adj. 特別的；詳細(xì)的；獨(dú)有的；挑剔的1) They depend on a particu

9、lar historical situation.它們?nèi)Q于特定的歷史境況。2) I have nothing particular to do this evening.今晚我沒有什么特殊的事要做。3) Clouds must be given a particular attention.必須對云給予特別的注意。4)She's very particular about what she wears.她對衣著很講究。詞義辨析: special，especial，specific，particular，exceptional，extraordinary，peculiarA. spec

10、ial普通用詞，指不同于一般、與眾不同，著重事物的專門性，突出與一般不同。B. especial和special含義很接近，較正式，但側(cè)重有特殊的意義或重要性。C. specific著重指某種、某類事物具有的特殊或特定的屬性，也可指專門提出作特別考慮的事物。D. particular側(cè)重不同于普遍性的個性或特殊性。E. exceptional指不同于一般，本身是特別的或異常的事物。F. extraordinary語氣比exceptional強(qiáng)，指極大地超過一般或正常情況。G. peculiar強(qiáng)調(diào)指與眾不同或獨(dú)特的意思7. mother 1) n. 母親；大娘；女修道院院長2) vt. 生下；

11、養(yǎng)育；像母親般關(guān)懷或照管My sister mothered a little baby two days ago.兩天前我姐姐生了個孩子。He likes to mother the toddlers.他喜歡像母親般照管學(xué)步的小孩。3) adj. 母親的；出生地的8. care for 關(guān)心，照顧；喜歡，想要1) 關(guān)心，關(guān)懷；愛護(hù)，照顧；贍養(yǎng)；Lily spent years caring for her sick uncle.莉莉照顧了她生病的叔叔好多年。2) 喜愛，對中意：I don't care for that color.我不喜歡那種顏色。3) 想要；希望：Would yo

12、u care for some more tea?你是不是還想要點茶?Related phrases:care about1) 對感興趣；注意；介意：I don't care about his opinion.我才不管他是什么意見呢。2) 為擔(dān)憂，擔(dān)心，操心，憂慮：She always cares about losing her job.她總是擔(dān)心丟掉她的工作。9. compete: vi. 競爭；比賽；對抗1) compete with sb for sth 為了.而與.競爭Kangaroos compete with sheep and cattle for sparse su

13、pplies of food and water.袋鼠與綿羊和牛爭奪為數(shù)不多的食物和水的供應(yīng)。Young men compete with each other for membership in these societies and fraternities.年輕人為獲取這些社團(tuán)和兄弟會的會員身份而相互爭奪。2) compete in.參加比賽或競賽He will be competing in the 100-metre race.他將參加100米比賽。10. miss: vt. 漏掉；錯過；想念1) 漏掉，未擊中She hurled the ashtray across the roo

14、m, narrowly missing my head.她從屋子那頭兒把煙灰缸扔過來，差一點就打中我的腦袋。One ABC correspondent had totally missed the point of the question.美國廣播公司的一名記者完全沒有領(lǐng)會這個問題的關(guān)鍵。2) 錯過It was too good an opportunity to miss.這個機(jī)會太好了，不容錯過。He missed the last bus home and had to stay with a friend.他沒趕上回家的末班車，只好住在一個朋友那里。3) 思念，想念I(lǐng) could h

15、appily move back into an apartment if it wasn't for the fact that I'd miss my garden.我要不是留戀我的花園，會很高興地搬回到一套公寓里。11. odd1) adj. 奇數(shù)的；古怪的；臨時的；零散的1,3, 5 and 7 are odd numbers.1,3, 5 和 7 是奇數(shù)。It's very odd that she didn't reply to our letter.她沒有回我們的信是件很奇怪的事。It is so odd that I am move to ask

16、 her where she get it.那東西十分希罕, 我禁不住問她是從哪里弄來的。He does odd jobs for me from time to time.他有時給我干點零活。2) n. 奇數(shù)；怪人；奇特的事物 Everybody considers him as an odd.每個人都認(rèn)為他是個怪人。12. grab 1) vt, 抓住，引起注意，匆忙地做(口語)I managed to grab her hand.我設(shè)法抓住了她的手。Grab a seat and make yourself at home.隨便找個地方坐，別客氣。I jumped on the wall

17、 to grab the attention of the crowd.我跳上墻頭以引起眾人的注意。2) Vi: grab at.抓住He was clumsily trying to grab at Alfred's arms.他正笨手笨腳地試圖抓住艾爾弗雷德的手臂。13. board1) n. 董事會；木板；甲板；膳食.a cutting board.一塊砧板。free room and board免費(fèi)食宿2) vt. 上（飛機(jī)、車、船等）；用板蓋上；給提供膳宿I boarded the plane bound for Boston.我登上了飛往波士頓的航班。Jim prefers

18、 to board with Mrs.Smith.吉姆更愿意在史密斯太太那兒搭伙。vi. 寄宿Jim prefers to board with Mrs.Smith.吉姆更愿意在史密斯太太那兒搭伙。Related phrase:on board：在船火車、飛機(jī)、汽車上 on board在句中可用作狀語或表語，也可用作后置定語。on board還可視作復(fù)合介詞，其后接表示車、船、飛機(jī)的名詞。All the students have gone on board.所有的學(xué)生都已上船了。所有乘客都上車后,火車開出了車站。Mary is on board one of those ships.瑪麗在其

19、中的一條船上。14. replace: vt. 取代，代替；替換，更換；歸還，償還；把放回原處Nothing can replace a mother's love.什么都無法取代母愛。We've replaced the old adding machine with a computer.我們用電腦取代了老式的加法計算器。He replaced the book in the shelf.他把書放回到書架上。I will replace the cup I broke.我愿用一個新杯子賠還我打碎的一只。15. natural 1) adj. 自然的；物質(zhì)的；天生的；不做作的

20、It is only natural that he should resent you.他會怨恨你是很自然的。She has a natural ability to understand the motives of others.她具備洞察別人動機(jī)的天賦。The gigantic natural harbour is a haven for boats.這個巨大的天然港是船舶的避風(fēng)港。Bethan's sister was as friendly and natural as the rest of the family.伯森的姊妹和其他家庭成員一樣親切自然。n. 自然的事情；白癡；天才He's a natural with any kind of engine.他是發(fā)動機(jī)方面的天才。16. inquire: 詢問，查究1) vtWe inquired the way of a boy.我們向一個男孩問路。2) vi I recommend that you inquire about the job. (查詢，打聽)我建議你打聽一下這項工作。T