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1、.Technology and Application of Fieldbus Control System -Intelligent Equipment & Measurement And Control System Based on DeviceNetPromoted by the new technological revolution that automation control technology is tending digitization and internet in the field of automation industry, Shanghai Aton

2、 Electric Co., Ltd. developed Intelligent Equipment & Measurement And Control System Based on DeviceNet as a high and new technology industrialization model project. It was a state hi-tech development project of 2000 and was approved by the State Committee of Technology. Shanghai Aton Electric C

3、o., Ltd. constructed production line of intelligent controller of pump and valve, relying on Shanghai Electric (Group) Corporation; constructed measurement and control system FCS R&D center of intelligent controller of pump and valve and built up mass production R&D basis, cooperating with S

4、hanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai University; constructed FCS remote diagnosis and service center of intelligent controller of pump and valve; constructed FCS training center of intelligent controller of pump and valve; founded mass production R&D basis along with the Rockwell Laboratory

5、of Shanghai Jiaotong University and CIMS Center.1 Summary (1)Fieldbus control system is a system applied to field of production and microcomputerized measurement control equipment to realize both-way multinode serial communications. It is also called low-level control network for open, digital and m

6、ultiplespot communications. Application: Flow Control System of Manufacturing; Process Control System; Traffic Control & Management; Building Automation. Features: Fieldbus control system is low-level low-bandwidth digital communication and control network in industrial system as well as open sy

7、stem connecting microcomputerized appearance. Intelligent instrument and controller are equal to microcomputer. They make up network with Fieldbus control system as the links to complete digital communication and other tasks. (2)Difference between FCS and DCS,FCS is updated control system after DCS

8、integrated with digital control system and distributing control system. It solves the problem that in traditional DCS, devices made by different manufacturers cannot be connected. They can't realize exchange and operation to organize an network system with wider range of information sharing. It

9、conquers the defect that special closed system for network should be used for communication in DCS to realize various functions of integrated automation. It turns the distributing structure combining concentration with deconcentration in DCS into new-type full distributing structure. It releases the

10、 control function to the field thoroughly and makes it possible to realize basic control function by means of fieldbus equipment itself. FCS breaks the traditional structure form of control system. The traditional analog control system adopts one-to-one equipment tie-wire and puts up connections res

11、pectively according to control loop. FCS adopts intelligent field equipment to place the control module, all input/output modules that used to be in the control chamber of DCS into field equipment. Since field equipment has ability to communicate, the field measuring and transferring instruments can

12、 transfer signals to actuating mechanism such as valve directly. Its control function can be fulfilled directly on the spot independent of the computer or control meter in the control chamber, which realizes thorough decentralized control. FCS adopts digital signals to replace analog signals so that

13、 multiple signals (including multiple operating parameter values, device status and failure information) can be transferred on a pair of cables. Meanwhile, it can give power supply to several devices. No switched block for analog/digital or digital/analog is needed besides fieldbus. (3)Characteristi

14、cs of FCS Open System; Interoperability; replace ability of devices made by different manufacturers. Intelligentize and Autonomy; Field equipment completing basic functions of automatic control. Decentralized System Structure; Field Adaptability; Relatively Strong Interference Killing Feature and Sa

15、fety Intelligentized local equipment can save investment and quantity of hardware Saving installation expenses and cables Saving daily maintenance expenses Enhancing accuracy and reliability of system Enhancing initiativeness of system integration for users (4)Development Background and Trend of Fie

16、ldbus Control System,With the rapid development of computer and computer network, FCS has been rapidly developed as the interlinked communication network between the field intelligent devices in the field of process automation, building and traffic etc. Because FCS meets the needs that industrial co

17、ntrol system is developing in the way of decentralization, network and intellectualized, it has become the focus of global industrial automation and been universally concerned by the whole world. FCS has caused great revolutions on the aspects of system structure and function system for the current

18、production of automation instrument, distributing control system and programmable controller. It is predicted that FCS will be the general trends in a very long time in the future fore sure.2 APPLICATION OF RELAYThe product reliability generally refers to the operating reliability. It is defined as:

19、 the ability of accomplishing the specified function under prescribed conditions and in prescribed time. It consists of intrinsic reliability and application reliability. The intrinsic reliability is determined by product designing and manufacturing technique, and the application reliability is conc

20、erned with the correct application of users and the services provided by the manufacturer before and after selling. When using relay, the user should pay attention to the following items.2.1 Coil applied voltage It is best to choose the coil applicative voltage according to the rated voltage in desi

21、gn, or choose the voltage according to the temperature rising curve. Using any coil voltage that is less than the rated voltage will affect the operation of the relay. The coil operating voltage refers to the voltage that is applied between the coil terminals. The voltage value between the two termi

22、nals must be guaranteed, especially when using enlargement circuit to energize the coil. Whereas, it will also affect the relay characteristics if the applied voltage exceeds the highest rated voltage. Exorbitant voltage will bring exorbitant coil temperature rising, especially in high temperature a

23、mbient. Exorbitant temperature rising will damage the insulating material and affect the working safety of relay. For magnetic latching relay, energizing (or return) pulse width should not less than 3 times of the operating (or return) time, otherwise, the relay would be left on the middle-position

24、state. When using solid-state components to energize the coil, the components dielectric strength must be above 80V, and the leakage of current must be as little as possible to ensure the relay to release. Energizing power source: Under 110% of the rated current, the adjusting ratio of the power sou

25、rce is less than 10% (or the output impedance is less than 5% of the coil impedance), the wave voltage of the DC power source is less than 5%. The AC wave is sine wave; the waviness coefficient is between 0.951.25; wave distortion is within ±10%; the frequency change is within ±1Hz or 

26、7;1% of the specified frequency (choosing the bigger value). The output power should not less than coil power consumption. 2.2 Transient suppression At the moment when the coil power is stopped, peak-inverse voltage that is more than 30 times of the coil rated voltage is produced on the coil, which

27、is harmful to the electronic circuit. Generally, the peak-inverse voltage is suppressed by transient suppression （cutting-peak） diode or resistance to limit the peak-inverse voltage within 50V. But the diode in parallel connection will delay35 times of the release time. If the request of the release

28、 time is high, a suitable resistance in series can be putted with and at one end of the diode.The power supply to relays in parallel connection and series connection,When several relays in parallel connection are supplied, the relay that the peak-inverse voltage is higher will release power to the r

29、elays that the peak-inverse voltage is lower. The release time of the relay will delay. So the relays in parallel connection should be controlled separately to eliminate mutual influence. The relays with different coil resistance and power cant be used in series, otherwise, the relay that the coil c

30、urrent is higher in the series circuit cant operate reliably. Only the relays of the same specification can be used in series, but the peak-inverse voltage will be increased and the peak-inverse voltage should be suppressed. Resistance in series can be used to bear the part voltage that exceeds the

31、rated voltage of the coil according to the ratio of the divided voltage.2.2.1 Contact load The load applied to the contacts should be accordant to the rated load and characteristics of the contacts. A load that is not applied according to the rated value range will cause problem. The relay that is o

32、nly suitable for DC load cant be used in AC occasions. The relay that can switch 10A load cant always reliably operate in low level load (less than 10mA×6A) or in dry circuit occasions. The relay that can switch single-phase AC power source isnt always suitable to switch two single-phase AC loa

33、ds that arent synchronous; the relay that is only specified to switch the load of AC 50Hz（or 60Hz）cant be used to switch AC load of 400Hz.2.2.2 Parallel and series connection of contacts The contacts used in parallel connection cant increase the load current, because the operating times of several s

34、ets of contacts are absolutely different; that is to say, there is still only a set of contacts switching the increased load. This would damage or weld the contacts and make the contacts cant close or open. The parallel connection of the contacts can decrease the misplay of “break”. But the parallel

35、 connection of the contacts would increase the misplay of “freezing”. Because the misplay of “break” is the main pattern of invalidation of contacts, the parallel connection can increase the reliability and can be used on the pivotal part of equipments. But the applied voltage should not exceed the

36、highest operating voltage of the coil and should not less than 90% of the rated voltage, otherwise, the coil life and the applicative reliability would be damaged. The series connection of the contacts can increase the load voltage. The amount of the contact sets is equal to the times that the load

37、voltage can be increased. The series connection of contacts can decrease the misplay of “freezing”, but it would increase the misplay of “break”. Anyway, when using redundant technology to increase the operating reliability of contacts, the characteristics and size and the failure mode of load must

38、be considered.2.2.3 Switching speed The switching speed should not exceed the reciprocal of 10 times of the sum of operating and release time (times/s), otherwise, the contacts cant switch on steadily. Magnetic latching should be used under the pulse width specified in the technique criterion, or th

39、e coil may be damaged.3 RVT DISTRIBUTING ELECTRICITY INTEGRATE TEST APPARATUSBasic function Measure asupervision:Three mutually electric voltage/electric current/ power factor with a great achievement/ power without a great achievement/electricity with a great achiverment/electricity/homophonic-wave

40、 electric voltage/ homophonic-wave electric/ current Day electric voltage/ electric current biggest and minimum value/fire for the failure Electric voltage over top, the limit/ lack mutually of time homophonic-wave analyzes is up to 13 times.The data is stored for 2 months.The data communicate RS232

41、/485 communicating connect，The way in communicating can adopt the spot communicating or the long range communicating.，Possible to settle invoke or the solid hour invokes, responding to the modification and long ranges control of the parameter.Without power compensation Taking physics measures as the

42、 power factor without a great achievement,the power factor with a great achievement and the dull place without power compensation;Y+ the combination method of the ，Y+ the connects the line method，Y+ , Y, the connects the line method.Data management According to WINDOW98 operation terrace, data in co

43、mmunication automatically reports born statement, curve and pillar form diagrams.Circulation of the protection When the charged barbed wire net of mutually electric voltage over press, owe to press, and a super limit hour fast cut off in expiation of capacitor，When the charged barbed wire net lacks

44、mutually or super limit in the preface of zero hour fast cut off in expiation of capacitor.screen manifestationChinese operation interface，Adopt 128*64 the back light liquid crystal display.The solid hour shows the charged barbed wire net relevant parameter.view manifestation to place the parameter.

45、現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)的技術和應用隨著新的科學技術革命的出現(xiàn)，在自動化工業(yè)領域中，自動控制技術的發(fā)展趨向于數(shù)字化和網絡互聯(lián)化。上海Aton電氣有限公司在基于DeviceNet網絡協(xié)議研制了智能設備、智能測量法和只能控制系統(tǒng)，建立了工業(yè)化高新技術工程模型。這是2000年國家重點發(fā)展的高科技項目，并且由國家科技委員會認可。通過上海電氣集團，上海Aton電氣有限公司構造了汞和閥門的智能控制器的的生產線；創(chuàng)立了汞和閥門的智能控制器的現(xiàn)場控制系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)中心，通過和上海交通大學和上海大學的合作，建立了產品集成的研發(fā)基礎；建立了汞和閥門的智能控制器的現(xiàn)場控制系統(tǒng)的遠程診斷和服務中心；建立了汞和閥門智能控制系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)

46、場控制系統(tǒng)的培訓中心；通過和上海交通大學洛氏實驗室和計算機集成制造系統(tǒng)中心的合作，建立了集成產品研發(fā)的基礎。1概要（1）現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)就是應用于制造業(yè)中和應用微機和測量控制設備來實現(xiàn)多點雙工的連續(xù)通信的系統(tǒng)。它也被稱為是開放式、數(shù)字化和多點通信的低級控制網絡。應用：制造業(yè)中流程控制系統(tǒng) 過程控制系統(tǒng) 交通的控制和管理 智能大廈特征：現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)應用于工業(yè)系統(tǒng)中的一中低級、低帶寬的數(shù)字式化通信和控制的網絡，同時它一種連接微機的開放式系統(tǒng)。智能儀表和控制器就相當于微型計算機。智能儀表和控制器組成現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)作為一種鏈接來實現(xiàn)數(shù)字通信和其他的功能。(2)現(xiàn)場總線和集散控制系統(tǒng)的差別現(xiàn)場總線

47、控制系統(tǒng)是綜合集散控制系統(tǒng)、數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)和分布式控制系統(tǒng)發(fā)展起來的系統(tǒng)?，F(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)解決了集散控制系統(tǒng)中不同廠商生產的設備不能連接的傳統(tǒng)毛病。在集散控制系統(tǒng)中，各設備之間不能實現(xiàn)相互間的數(shù)據(jù)交換和操作，以致不能組成一個網絡實現(xiàn)遠程的信息共享?，F(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)克服了在集散控制系統(tǒng)通信中，為實現(xiàn)自動控制的各種功能時必須用到專用的封閉式系統(tǒng)來組建網絡的缺點?，F(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)改變了集散控制系統(tǒng)中將各分散系統(tǒng)組合在一塊的結構，取而代之的是一中新型的完整的分布式結構。它完全解放了現(xiàn)場控制的功能，同時使通過現(xiàn)場總線設備來實現(xiàn)智能控制成為可能?，F(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)突破了傳統(tǒng)的控制系統(tǒng)的結構方式。在傳統(tǒng)的控制系

48、統(tǒng)中都是采用一對一的接線方式（即各個儀表之間是沒有相互聯(lián)系的），然后在根據(jù)控制回路來分別的連接這些設備的接線?，F(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)采用智能的現(xiàn)場設備來作為控制模塊，所有曾經用于集散控制系統(tǒng)中的輸入/輸出模塊都用現(xiàn)場儀表代替。因為現(xiàn)場設備能實現(xiàn)通信功能，所以現(xiàn)場測量儀和傳送儀可以將現(xiàn)場采集到的數(shù)據(jù)來直接控制比如閥門等這些機械裝置。我們既可以通過現(xiàn)場的計算機來單獨實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的控制功能，也可以通過控制在控制室的儀表來單獨實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的控制功能，從而實現(xiàn)徹底的分散式控制?，F(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)采用數(shù)字信號代替模擬信號，從而實現(xiàn)在一條電纜上傳輸更多的信號（包括真正工作的參數(shù)值、設備的運行情況和失敗的信息）。同時，它可以

49、同時給若干個設備供電。另外，除了現(xiàn)場總線外，系統(tǒng)中不在需要模/數(shù)或者數(shù)/模的轉換卡。(3)現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)的特性開放式系統(tǒng) 互用性 不同廠商生產的設備可以互相替用 智能化 現(xiàn)場儀表可以實現(xiàn)自動控制的基本功能 分散式系統(tǒng)結構 現(xiàn)場適應性 強大的抗沖突性和安全性 所需附加設備少 安裝費用和所用電纜少 節(jié)省了每天的維護費用 提高了系統(tǒng)的精確性和可靠性 (4)現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展背景和發(fā)展前景隨著計算機和計算機網絡的高速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)作為連接應用于過程自動化領域、智能大廈和交通系統(tǒng)中的智能設備間的通信網絡，也已得到了快速的發(fā)展。因為現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)的特點符合工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的分散化、網絡化和

50、智能化的要求，所以現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)成為全球工業(yè)自動化的焦點并受到全球的普遍關注?，F(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)已經引發(fā)了系統(tǒng)結構方面和自動化器械、分布式系統(tǒng)和可編程控制器方面產品的巨大革命。所以可預知在不久的將來很長一段時間里，現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)將會成為必然趨勢。2繼電器的應用產品的可靠性通常十指操作的可靠性。它是這樣定義的：就是在規(guī)定的條件和規(guī)定的時間內完成特定的功能。它主要包括產品本身內在的質量的可靠性和產品在應用時的可靠性。產品內在的可靠性時由產品的設計和加工的技術決定的，而應用的可靠性則是和用戶的正確使用和制造商在售前和售后提供的服務相關。在使用繼電器的時候，用戶應該注意以下幾點：2.1線圈工作電壓選

51、擇線圈的工作電壓最好是根據(jù)線圈本身的工作電壓確定，或者是通過溫度的商升曲線來選擇。只要線圈的工作電壓小于它的額定電壓，那就會影響到繼電器的正常運轉。線圈的運轉電壓就是指加在線圈兩端的電壓。加在線圈兩端的電壓值必須足夠大，特別是當電路實用放大電路給線圈兩端加壓的時候。然而，當工作電壓超過最大的額定電壓的時候同樣會影響到繼電器的工作特性。過高的電壓會使線圈的溫度升高的過快，特別是在高溫的環(huán)境下。溫度升高得過快會損壞絕緣材料和影響繼電器工作的安全。比如說磁性吸合式繼電器，充電（或放電）的時間脈寬應該大于線圈吸合（斷開）的工作時間的三倍，或者繼電器會處于半吸合半斷開的狀態(tài)。給線圈充電所用到的固定成分它的絕緣能力至少要能承受八十度以上的高壓，同時漏電流應