2011年高中英語 專題書面表達(dá)

1、專題十九 書面表達(dá)1. 英語書面表達(dá)考查的是考生的綜合能力。一篇好的書面表達(dá)不僅是緊扣主題、要點(diǎn)齊全、意思連續(xù)，還要應(yīng)用較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。使用復(fù)雜句式，可增強(qiáng)寫作效果。高考常見書面表達(dá)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，主要有以下幾種：一、簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句錯(cuò)落有致，增加文章節(jié)奏感。1我對(duì)你取得的進(jìn)步感到吃驚。a. You have made progress. I'm amazed at that. ( 簡(jiǎn)單句 )b. You have made progress and I'm amazed at that. (并列句 )c. I'm amazed at the progress y

2、ou've made. (2009 湖北) (定語從句)2大家都知道，中國是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國家。a. It is well known. China is a country with a long history. (簡(jiǎn)單句)b. China is a country with a long history and it is well known. (并列句)c. It's well known that China is a country with a long history. (2009 山東) (主語從句)二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的使用。主動(dòng)為主，被動(dòng)為輔，使句式表達(dá)多樣化。

3、1如圖所示，其中許多學(xué)生都戴眼鏡。a. Most of the students are wearing glasses. You can see that in the picture.b. As can be seen in the picture, most of the students are wearing glasses. (2007天津)2她們一到那里，李月和張華就受到了熱烈歡迎。a. Upon their arrival, they warmly welcomed Li Yue and Zhang Hua.b. Upon their arrival, Li Yue and Z

4、hang Hua were warmly welcomed. (2009 浙江)三、使用短語使句式簡(jiǎn)練。1令我高興的是，父親把我送到一所著名的醫(yī)院去體驗(yàn)護(hù)理工作。a. I felt delighted. My father sent me to a famous hospital to experience nursing.b. To my delight, my father sent me to a famous hospital to experience nursing. (2009上海)（短語）2大約在下午一點(diǎn)鐘，Tracy打來了電話。a. At about 1 o'cloc

5、k this afternoon,Tracy called.b. At about 1 o'clock this afternoon,Tracy made a phone call. (2009全國I)(短語)四、it的使用 it代替動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等，作形式主語或形式賓語。1我認(rèn)為保護(hù)和美化我們的環(huán)境是我們的職責(zé)。a. In my opinion, it is our duty to protect and beautify our environment.b. We feel it's our duty to protect and beautify our env

6、ironment. (2009 年北京 ) (it作形式主語)2我認(rèn)為，通過和大家一起生活，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)共同生活是有教育意義的。a. In my opinion, it is instructive to learn to live together by living together.b. I think it instructive to learn to live together by living together. (2008福建) (it作形式賓語)五、非謂語 不定式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞及動(dòng)名詞的使用，可使句式多樣化。1我想申請(qǐng)護(hù)理工作，當(dāng)一名護(hù)士。以便能提高護(hù)理水平。a. I wa

7、nt to apply for nursing and become a nurse. And I want to improve my nursing.b. In order to improve my nursing, I want to apply for nursing and become a nurse.(2009上海) (不定式短語作目的狀語)2鼠標(biāo)是一個(gè)有用的裝置。人們用它來和電腦進(jìn)行對(duì)話。a. The mouse is a most effective device.It is used by people to communicate with acomputer.b. T

8、he mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer. (2009 江蘇)(過去分詞短語作定語)3看見一個(gè)年輕老師進(jìn)了教室，我的學(xué)生開始吵鬧起來。a. When my students saw a young teacher enter the classroom, they began to make noises.b. Seeing a young teacher enter the classroom, my students began to make more noises.

9、 (2009 湖南 )(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)4感謝你給我寄來的信。在信中你詢問改建后的前門大街的情況。a. Thank you for your letter. In it you asked about the rebuilt Qianmen Street.b. Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street. (2009全國II)（現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語）六、從句 定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句的使用，可體現(xiàn)扎實(shí)的語法功底。1定語從句1)我們要做的主要的事，就是到農(nóng)場(chǎng)幫農(nóng)民摘蘋果。a. We will do t

10、he main thing. We will help farmers pick apples on the farm.b. The main thing we will do is to help farmers pick apples on the farm. (2009 遼寧)(限制性定語從句)2) 我經(jīng)常瀏覽你們的網(wǎng)站，從那里我知道你們正在征集討論話題。a. I often visit your website, and from it I know that you are collecting topics for discussion.b. I often visit your

11、website, from which I know that you are collecting topics for dis-eussion. (2009 重慶 ) (介詞提前的定語從句)2狀語從句1)到了志愿者們離開的時(shí)候，老人對(duì)他們的好意表示感謝。a. It was time for the volunteers to leave.The elderly people thanked them for their kindness.b. When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the elderly people thanked t

12、hem for their kindness.(2009浙江) (時(shí)間狀語從句)2)現(xiàn)在我很興奮，非常想和你一起分享這次難忘的經(jīng)歷。a. Now I am excited. I can't wait to share with you an unforgettable experience.b. Now I'm so excited that I can't wait to share with you an unforgettable experience. (2009湖北) (結(jié)果狀語從句)3名詞性從句1)你的心情好壞其實(shí)由你自己決定。a. Do you have

13、a good mood or a bad mood? It depends on yourseff indeed.b. Whether you have a good mood or a bad mood depends on yourself indeed. (2009江西) (主語從句)2)我想，我一定能學(xué)會(huì)如何處理嚴(yán)重事故。a. I 'm sure to learn how to deal with the serious accident. I must say it.b. I must say that I'm sure to learn how to deal wi

14、th the serious accident. (2009上海)(賓語從句)3)你真正想說的是：這些天你沒事可做。a. You have nothing to do these days.You were really trying to say that.b. What you were really trying to say is that you've nothing to do these days. (2009湖北) (表語從句)七、倒裝語序 可增強(qiáng)說服力1通過這種方法我能獲得更多的自信。a. I can gain more confidence in this way.

15、 b. Only in this way can I gain more confidence. (2009 福建) (介詞短語提前)2我們很少知道國內(nèi)外發(fā)生了什么事。a. We seldom know what is happening both at home and abroad.b. Seldom do we know what is happening both at home and abroad. (2008陜西) (否定副詞提前)八、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) 用It isthat句型或用助動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，突出語意。1、父母喜歡我們陪伴他們，不是我們送的禮物。a. Our parents enjo

16、y our company not our gifts.b. It is our company not our gifts that our parents enjoy. (2006江西) (It is.that.句型 )2. 我感到很累，需要好好休息。a. I need a good rest because I do feel tired.b. A good rest is needed because I do feel tired. (2007 四川),(用助動(dòng)詞do表示強(qiáng)調(diào))(省略主語I，改為祁使句)九、省略結(jié)構(gòu) 達(dá)到言簡(jiǎn)意賅的效果。1希望你能找到一份好工作。a. I hope t

17、hat you will find a good job.b. Hope you will find a good job. (2009湖北)(省略主語I，改為祈使句)2所以我想，無論何時(shí)，無論何地，只要有可能，我就選擇微笑。a. So I want to smile whenever and wherever it is possible.b. So I want to smile whenever and wherever possible. (2009福建)(省略it is)十、祈使句 引起讀者注意。1如果你認(rèn)為你不能和他們談?wù)?，你可以給父母寫一封信。a. If you don'

18、t think you car talk to them, you can write them a letter.b. If you don't think you can talk to them, write them a letter and leave it lyingaround. (2009安徽) (省略主語you，改從句為祈使句)十一、感嘆句 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)1現(xiàn)在我很高興。a. I am very delighted now.b. How delighted I am now! (2009 湖南)十二、突出形容詞、副詞的作用 常見的有形容詞作狀語、形容詞接不定式、形容詞接從句

19、，副詞用在句首等。1既著急又擔(dān)心，他們兩個(gè)都盯著門。a. They were anxious and worried. They both focus their eyes on the door.b. Anxious and worried, they both focus their eyes on the door. (2006江西) (句首形容詞作狀語)2我很高興收到你的來信，歡迎你七月份到中國來。a. I'm glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China in July.b. Glad to hear from y

20、ou and you're welcome to China in July. (2009 四川) (形容詞接不定式)3我要指出你的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。a. I will point out one mistake of yours.b. I'm afraid there is one mistake I'd like to point out. (2009湖北)(形容詞接從句，省略that)十三、過渡詞語的作用and, but, so,or, however, therefore, besides, as a resuit, what's more, either.or

21、., neither.nor., not only.but also., in my opinion等連接成分的使用，使文章通順，過渡自然。1在你們國家住了半年，我生活愉快，英語學(xué)習(xí)也取得了很大的進(jìn)步。a. I lived a happy life. I made great progress in my English study in your countryfor half a year.b. I lived a happy life and made great progress in my English study in your countryfor half a year. (

22、2009山東)(并列連詞and )2這是我們的第一次選舉。大家很興奮。a. This is our first election. Everyone was excited.b. This is our first election, so everyone was excited. (2007北京)(并列連詞so)3你應(yīng)該使用“無所事事”a. You should use “無所事事”.b. In that ease, you should use "無所事事". (2009湖北) (過渡成分in that case)十四、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、獨(dú)立主格 體現(xiàn)深厚的語法功底。

23、1春天來臨，人們將開展各種各樣的活動(dòng)。a. When the Spring Festival is drawing near, people will hold all varieties of activi-ties.b. With the Spring Festival drawing near, people will hold all varieties of activities.( 2009山東) (with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) )2當(dāng)所有的活兒都干完了，他們就坐在院子里和老人聊聊天。a. When everything was done, they sat in the yard chat

24、ting with the elderly people.b. Everything done, they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people. (2009 浙江)(獨(dú)立主格)十五、引用諺語，習(xí)語等。諺語、習(xí)語的使用，增加文采。1如果能“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”，那么你在這里就能逗留得愉快。If you "Do as the Romans do when in Rome", you'll enjoy more of your stay here. (2009四川) (諺語)2我們都知道，有一個(gè)著名的諺語：態(tài)度決定一切。

25、It is known to us all that there is a famous saying "Everything depends on one's attitude". (2009江西 ) (諺語)3好久不見。Long time no see! (2009湖南) (習(xí)慣用語)十六、虛擬語氣 提出建議，委婉表達(dá)，易于接受。1他建議在校學(xué)生應(yīng)避免用眼過度，多參加戶外活動(dòng)。a. He made a suggestion. School children should avoid overuse of their eyes and domore outdoor

26、 activities.b. He suggested that school children avoid overuse of their eyes and do more outdoor activ!ties. (2009廣東) (用動(dòng)詞suggest引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣)2如果你能多做些家務(wù)活，比如，掃地、洗衣服、做飯等，情況會(huì)更好。a. You can share more of the housework, such as cleaning, washing and cooking.b. It's even better if you could share more of the

27、 housework, such as cleaning,washing and cooking. (2009陜西) (用 if 引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣)十七、運(yùn)用修辭 排比句式，瑯瑯上口中，增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果；比喻句，通俗易懂，富有文采。1我明白，從護(hù)理中我能學(xué)到很多的東西，比如：如何照顧病人，如何為病人服務(wù)，以及如何給病人提供幫助等等。a. I think I can learn so much from nursing, for example, how to take care of patients,how to serve patients, and how to give a patient&#

28、39;s aid and so on. (2009上海)(排比)2生活就像一面鏡子。你對(duì)它微笑，它也向你回報(bào)微笑。 a. Life is like a mirror, if you smile at it, it will smile back to you. (2009 江西)(比喻)高考真題檢測(cè)（一句多譯，變換句式）：1下次，你可以試著用漢語給我寫信。2上中學(xué)的時(shí)候，我學(xué)到了一些醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)。3愛迪生，生于美國，是一個(gè)偉大的科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家。4我認(rèn)為，僅僅送給父母貴重的禮物是不對(duì)的。5大街長(zhǎng)800余米，300余家商鋪。6那兩本你讓我還給城市圖書館的書，我已經(jīng)帶來了。7他們說那是一個(gè)美好的日子，他

29、們要永遠(yuǎn)記住。8我站在講臺(tái)上，很窘迫，不知該怎么做。9他們所做的事給別人帶來了快樂，也豐富了他們自己的生活。10只有通過這種辦法，我們才能有充沛的精力更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。參考答案1. a. Try and write me in Chinese next time. (2008全國II)b. You may try to write me in Chinese next time.c. It is a good idea for you to try to write me in Chinese next time.2. a. When I was in middle school, I lear

30、nt some medicine knowledge. (2009上海)b. As a middle school student, I learnt some medicine knowledge.c. Studying in a middle school, I learnt some medicine knowledge.3. a. Born in America, Edison was a great scientist and inventor. (2008湖南)b. Edison was bom in America, and he was a great scientist an

31、d inventor.c. Edison, who was born in America, was a great scientist and inventor.4. a. I don't think it good only to provide our parents with expensive gifts. (2006江西)b. In my opinion, it is not good only to provide our parents with expensive gifts.c. We only provide our parents with expensive

32、gifts, which is not good.d. We only provide our parents with expensive gifts, but it is not good.5. a. Along this 800-meter street, there are more than 300 shops. (2009全國II)b. 'l his street is 800 meters long, along which are more than 300 shops.c. This street is 800 meters long, and along it are more than 300 shops.d. More than 300 shops are along this 800-meter street.6. a. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. (2009 全國I) b. I have taken with me the