【2019最新】精選高中英語狂K語法——句法篇：二、主謂一致Word版含解析

1、【 2019 最新】精選高中英語狂 K 語法句法篇： 二、主謂一致 Word 版含解析1）語法形式上要一致，即單復(fù)數(shù)形式與謂語要一致。2）意義上要一致，即主語意義上的單復(fù)數(shù)要與謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一致。3）就近原則，即謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語。一般來說，不可數(shù)名詞用動(dòng)詞單數(shù)，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)。例如： There is much water in the thermos.但當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞前有表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.1 并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)例如： Rea

2、ding and writing are very important.讀寫很重要。注意：當(dāng)主語由 and 連結(jié)時(shí)，如果它表示一個(gè)單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，and此時(shí)連接的兩個(gè)詞前只有一個(gè)冠詞。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.鋼鐵工業(yè)對(duì)我們的生活有重要意義。典型例題The League secretaryand monitor _ asked to makea speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案 B。歡迎下載。解析：先

3、從時(shí)態(tài)上考慮。這是過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用過去時(shí)，先排除A和C。本題易誤選D，因?yàn)門he League secretary and monitor好像是兩個(gè)人，但仔細(xì)辨別， monitor 前沒有 the ，在英語中，當(dāng)一人兼數(shù)職時(shí)只在第一個(gè)職務(wù)前加定冠詞。后面的職務(wù)用and 相連。這樣本題主語為一個(gè)人，所以應(yīng)選B。xk.w2 主謂一致中的靠近原則1）當(dāng) there be句型的主語是一系列事物時(shí)，謂語應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語保持一致。例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.桌上有一支筆、一把小刀和幾本書。There are twent

4、y boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in theclass.班上有二十個(gè)男孩，二十三個(gè)女孩。2）當(dāng) eitheror與 neithernor 連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引導(dǎo)，而主語又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語一致。例如：Either you or she is to go.不是你去，就是她去。Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.給你筆、信封和紙。3謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致當(dāng)主語有 with, togeth

5、er with, like, except, but, no less than, as wellas 等詞組成的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語部分一致?！?019最新】精選高中英語狂語法句法篇：二、主謂一致Word版含解析例如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.教師和一些學(xué)生在參觀工廠。He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去劃船。4 謂語需用單數(shù)1）代詞 each 以及由 every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語時(shí)，或主語中含有 eac

6、h, every時(shí)，謂語需用單數(shù)。例如：Each of us has a tape-recorder.我們每人都有錄音機(jī)。There is something wrong with my watch.我的表壞了。2 ）當(dāng)主語是一本書或一條格言時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。例如：The Arabian Nightis a book known to lovers of English.天方夜譚是英語愛好者熟悉的一本書。3）表示金錢、時(shí)間、價(jià)格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語時(shí)，通常把這些名詞看作一個(gè)整體，謂語一般用單數(shù)。例如：Three weeks was allowed for making the nece

7、ssary preparations.允許用三個(gè)星期來做準(zhǔn)備。Ten yuan is enough. 10元夠了。5 指代意義決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)3 / 63 / 61）代詞 what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其指代的詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。例如：All is right.一切順利。All are present.人都到齊了。例如：His family isn't very large.他家成員不多。His family are music lovers.他家個(gè)個(gè)都是音樂愛好者。但集合名詞people,police,c

8、attle,poultry等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Are there any police around?附近有警察嗎？3）有些名詞，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority等有時(shí)看作單數(shù)，有時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)。例如：A number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。The number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。A number of books have lent out.很多書被借出去了。The majority of the students like English.絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生都喜歡英語。6 與后接名詞或代詞保持一致【20

9、19最新】精選高中英語狂語法句法篇：二、主謂一致Word版含解析1）用 half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of等引起主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常與of 后面的名詞或代詞保持一致。例如：Most of his money is spent on books.他大部分的錢花在書上了。Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. x/kw大部分學(xué)生積極參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。2）用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of等

10、引起主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。例如：A series of accidents has been reported.媒體報(bào)道了一連串的事故。A pile of logs was set beside the hearth.爐邊放了一堆木柴。3）如 many a 或 more than one 所修飾的短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)形式。但由 more thanof作主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致。例如：Many a person has read the novel.許多人讀過這本書。More than 60 percent of the students are from the

11、 city.百分之六十多的學(xué)生來自這個(gè)城市?！菊骖}演練】【2017· 江蘇】 The publicationofGreat Expectations,which _ bothwidely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickensleading novelist.A. isB. areC. was status as aD. were【答案】C5 / 65 / 6【解析】【2015·湖南】 It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years of achieve. A. is; takes B. are; takes C. are; take D. is; take【答案】A【解析】【2014?湖南】 All we need _ _a s mall piece of land where we canplant various ki nds of fruit trees