高一英語(yǔ)《新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)》語(yǔ)法精粹（含習(xí)題） 主謂一致

1、新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)語(yǔ)法精粹三、主謂一致Agreement知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：在英語(yǔ)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。如何判定，則要看句子的意思。多數(shù)情況下，根據(jù)句子的主語(yǔ)形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思，及強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。下面我們就常用的、易混的幾種情況作一下解釋。1、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：1）The book is on the table.2）He is reading English.3）To work hard is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）4）How you get

2、 there is a problem.2、復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)跟復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如：Children like to play toys.3、在倒裝句中，動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和它后面的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)一致。如以here,there開(kāi)頭，be 動(dòng)詞與后面第一個(gè)名詞一致。如：1）There is a dog near the door.2）There were no schools in this area before liberation.3）Here comes the bus.4）On the wall were two famous paintings.5）Here is Mr. Brown and his childr

3、en.4、and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如果主語(yǔ)后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍與短語(yǔ)前的主語(yǔ)的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends.2）He and my father work in the same factory.3）His sister, no less than you, is wrong.4）

4、The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.5）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.6）Every picture except these two has been sold.7）Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.8）Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.9）Nobody but Mary and

5、 I was in the classroom at that time.5、并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，and后面的名詞沒(méi)有冠詞。如：1）The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow.這位工人作家明天要來(lái)我們學(xué)校。2）Bread and butter is their daily food. 面包和黃油是他們每日的食品。3）The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow.那位作家和那位工人明天將來(lái)我們學(xué)校。6、and連接

6、的并列單數(shù)名詞前如有each, every, no, many a修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.所有的孩子都被邀請(qǐng)參加這次聚會(huì)。2）No teacher and no student is absent today.今天沒(méi)有老師和學(xué)生缺席。3）Many a student is busy with their lessons.許許多多的學(xué)生都忙著復(fù)習(xí)他們的功課。7、each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：

7、1）Each takes a cup of tea.2）Either is correct.3）Neither of them likes this picture.8、由every, some, any, no構(gòu)成的合成代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Is everyone here?2）Nothing is to be done. 沒(méi)有什么要干的事兒了。9、關(guān)系代詞who, that, which等在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。如：1）Those who want to go please sign their names here.2）Anyone

8、 who is against this opinion may speak out.3）He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.10、表示時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或短語(yǔ)作為一個(gè)整體看待時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Three years is not a long time.2）Ten dollars is what he needs.3）Five hundred miles is a long distance.11、復(fù)數(shù)形式的專有名詞作為整體看待（如人名、地點(diǎn)、國(guó)家、組織、書(shū)籍、報(bào)刊等），動(dòng)詞用

9、單數(shù)形式。如：1）The United States is in North America.2）The United Nations has passed a resolution(決議)。3）“The Arabian Nights”（天方夜譚）is an interesting book.12、有些集體名詞如family, team, group, class, audience（聽(tīng)眾，觀眾），government等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù)形式；如強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：1）My family is going to have a long journ

10、ey.我家要進(jìn)行一次長(zhǎng)途旅行。2）My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜歡音樂(lè)。3）The class has won the honour. 這班獲得了榮譽(yù)。4）The class were jumping for joy. 全班同學(xué)都高興得跳了起來(lái)。13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，也可表示單數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。如：1）All of the apple is rotten. 整個(gè)蘋(píng)果都爛了。2）All of the apples are rotte

11、n. 所有的蘋(píng)果都爛了。3）Most of the wood was used to make furniture (家具)。14、the + 形容詞（或分詞）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常指一類人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如指的是抽象概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù)形式。如：1）The young are usually very active. 年輕人通常是很活躍的。2）The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 現(xiàn)在傷病員們?cè)谶@里受到了很好照顧。15、or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, not onlybut (also)連

12、接的是主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致。如：1）Either you or I am going to the movies.2）Not only you but also he is wrong.16、不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Water is a kind of matter.2）The news at six oclock is true.17、集合名詞如：people, police ,cattle等作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：1）The police are searching for him.2）The cattle are grassing

13、(吃草)。18、population當(dāng)人口講時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)人們講時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：1）The population of China is larger than that of Japan.2）One third of the population here are workers.19、the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，是表示“的數(shù)字”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；a (large / great) number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示許多，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1）The number of the students in our school is

14、 increasing year after year.2）A number of students have gone for an outing.20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。【專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練】1、Nothing but carsin the shop.Ais soldBare soldCwere soldDare going to sell2、No one except Jack and Tom the answer.AknowBknowsCis knowingDare known3、Seventy percent o

15、f the students in our schoolfrom the countryside.AisBareCcomesDare coming4、of the moneyused up.AThree-five, areBThree-fifths, have beenCThree-fifths, has beenDThird-fifths, is5、The number of the people whocarsincreasing.Aowns, areBowns, isCown, isDown, are6、One of Marxs workswritten in English in th

16、e 1860s.AwasBwereCwould beDare7、The sheets for your bedwashing.AneedsBare needingCwantDare wanting8、On each side of the streeta lot of trees.AstandsBgrowCis standingDare grown9、Some personcalling for you at the gate.Aare BisCis beingDwill be10、All that can be eateneaten up.Aare beingBhas beenChad be

17、enDhave been11、Toms teacher and friendMr. Smith.AareBisCare beingDhas12、Your new clothes fit you, but mineme.Adoesnt fitBdont fitCdoesnt fit forDdont fit for13、Neither he nor Ifor the plan.AamBareCisDwere14、Many a studentthat mistake before.Ahas madeBhave madeChas been made Dhad made15、Peter, perhap

18、s John,playing with the little dog.AisBareCwereDseems16、Laying eggsthe ant queens full-time job.AisBareChasDhave17、Between the two buildingsa monument.AstandBstandsCstandingDis standing18、I, whoyour good friend, will share your joys and sorrow.AamBisCareDwas19、The United Nationsin 1945.Awere foundBw

19、ere foundedCwas foundedDwas found20、were also invited to the party.AMr. SmithBThe SmithCThe SmithsDSmiths21、The glass worksin 1959.Awere set upBwas set upCwere put upDwere built22、Three hours with your girl friendto be a short time.AseemBseemsCis seeming Dhas seemed23、It was reported that sixincludi

20、ng a boy.Awas killedBwere killedCwas killingDhad killed24、The policea prisoner.Ais searching forBare searching forCis searchingDare searched for25、Deerfaster than dogs.ArunBrunsCare runningDwill run26、The woundedgood care of here now.Ais takenBare being takenCare takingDis taking27、The whole classgr

21、eatly moved at his words.AwasBwereChadDis28、Over 80 percent of the population of Chinapeasants.AwasBisCareDwill be29、Therea knife and fork on the table.Aseems to beBseem to beCis seeming to be Dare30、Those whosinging may join us.Aare likingBlikesCenjoyDis fond of31、His familymusic lovers.Aall areBar

22、e allCisDare being32、A professor and a writerpresent at the meeting.AwasBisCwereDhad been33、The pair of shoesworn out.AwasBwereChave beenDhad been34、The students in our school eachan English dictionary.AhaveBhasChadDare having35、More than one answerto the question.Ahave been givenBhas been givenCwer

23、e givenDhad given36、The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students whofrom the countryside in our school.AareBisCwereDwas37、Our familya happy one.AisBareCwasDwere38、Most of the mistakesbecause of carelessness.Awere madeBare madeChas been madeDwere making39、Most of his timein reading n

24、ovels.Aare spentBis spentCwere spentDwas spending40、The rest of the novelvery interesting.AwereBareCisDseem41、I know that allgetting on well with her.AwasBisCareDwere42、When and where this took placestill unknown.AareBwereCisDhas43、Not only the workers but also the machinenot there.AareBwereCisDhas4

25、4、Very fewhis address in the town.AknowsBknowCare knowingDhas known45、Ten thousand dollarsa large sum of money.AareBisCwereDseem46、Twenty milesa long way to cover.AwereBareCisDseem to be47、Nine plus threetwelve.AmakesBmakeCis makingDare making48、There are two roads and eitherto the station.AleadsBle

26、adCare leadingDis leading49、My father, together with some of his old friends,there already.Ahave beenBhas beenChad beenDwill be50、My family as well as Iglad to see you.AamBareCisDwas【答案】：1、A 因有連詞but，所以謂語(yǔ)形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人稱單數(shù)。見(jiàn)講解4。2、B 同上3、B 見(jiàn)講解2。4、C 見(jiàn)講解16。5、C 定語(yǔ)從句看被修飾的先行詞：the number of作主語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。見(jiàn)講解9，19。6、A 見(jiàn)講解1。7、C 見(jiàn)講解2。8、B 倒裝句，要看后面的主語(yǔ)。見(jiàn)講解3。9、B some person指“某人”是第三人稱單數(shù)。見(jiàn)講解13。10、B 主語(yǔ)“all”指的是“food”，所以代不可數(shù)名詞，是第三人稱單數(shù)。見(jiàn)講解13。11、B Toms teacher and friend，因friend前沒(méi)有冠詞，所以實(shí)際指的是同一個(gè)人。見(jiàn)講解5。12、B 根據(jù)前一分句的意思，第二分句中的mine指的是“my new clothes”，因此主語(yǔ)是復(fù)