八年級(jí)生物下冊(cè) 13.1 生物的分類課件1 北京版 (1078)

1、Section Learning about Language,Using Language,Summing Up & Learning Tip一二三四五一、寫作詞匯預(yù)習(xí)Learning about Language,Using Language,Summing Up & Learning Tip部分的詞匯,完成下列小對(duì)話或語(yǔ)篇。1.Where were you (教育),Mike?Beijing University.2.When will you begin your holiday?I (請(qǐng)求) your pardon?3.That man killed a girl l

2、ast month.Thats right.And he (被判刑) to cated beg has been sentenced to 一二三四五4.When did he (上臺(tái))?In 1946.5.When she failed in her business,the young woman almost (喪失勇氣).She tried to (逃避) from her difficulty.In her (看法),she couldnt succeed in her life.Luckily,her father noticed it and tried his

3、 best to helped her to (建立) a new business.Because of her hard work,she e to power lost heart escape opinion set up 一二三四五二、閱讀詞匯預(yù)習(xí)Reading部分的詞匯,寫出畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)意思。The other day one of my relatives 1. went to a supermarket to buy a blanket 2.On the way he experienced a terror 3. who ordered him to take out th

4、e money he had.Because he heard of some terrors cruelty 4.,he handed his money to the terror.Later he called the police and told them about it.In the evening,he saw that the president 5. expected the people to pay attention to their safety.親戚/親屬 毯子 可怕的人 殘忍/殘酷 總統(tǒng) 一二三四五三、如果你是納爾遜曼德拉,你會(huì)采取什么措施來為黑人爭(zhēng)取平等If

5、I were Nelson Mandela,I would take the following measures to help the Blacks to be equal to the Whites:.5.答案:略一二三四五四、閱讀THE REST OF ELIAS STORY,根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容判斷正“T”誤“F”()1.Elias became a good student in prison.()2.He realized he was clever enough to get a degree.()3.The guards in the prison were kind

6、to him.()4.Elias was allowed to study for his degree in prison.()5.Elias present job is to take tourists around the old prison on Robben Island.T T F F T 一二三四五五、閱讀THE REST OF ELIAS STORY,選擇正確答案1.Why did Mr Mandela allow the prison guards to study too?A.Because he needed the guards help.B.Because he

7、thought the guards had their rights to study.C.Because the guards were black people,too.D.Because the guards could pass the exams.答案:B一二三四五2.After being released from prison,at first Elias .A.had no difficulty in finding a job for he was better educatedB.couldnt find any job for having blown up the

8、government buildingsC.continued his fighting for equal rightsD.begged for food and help from others答案:A一二三四五3.When Mr Mandela offered Elias the job of taking tourists around the prison,Elias .A.was very glad and proud to get the jobB.didnt accept it because of his sad experience thereC.accepted it a

9、fter being encouraged by his familyD.didnt accept it because he had found a better one himself答案:C 1234567891.never lost heart when he was in trouble.(P37)當(dāng)他處于困境時(shí),從未喪失信心?？键c(diǎn):lose heart喪失勇氣或信心Dont lose heart;all will turn out well.不要失去勇氣,一切都會(huì)好起來的?？键c(diǎn)延伸1)閱讀下列句子,指出lose的詞組及含義。He lost his heart to a peasan

10、t girl.他愛上了一個(gè)農(nóng)家女孩。詞組:lose ones heart to (sb)含義:愛上(某人);鐘情于(某人)123456789Because he wasnt a local man,he soon lost his way.由于他不是當(dāng)?shù)厝?他很快就迷路了。詞組:lose ones way含義:迷路 Hell lose face if he does not keep his promise.如果他不遵守諾言,他就會(huì)很沒面子。詞組:lose face含義:丟臉 At last they lost their patience.最后他們失去了耐心。詞組:lose ones pat

11、ience含義:失去耐心 123456789lose詞組歸納:lose ones heart to (sb)愛上(某人);鐘情于(某人)lose ones way迷路lose face丟臉lose ones patience失去耐心1234567892)閱讀下列句子,指出heart的詞組及含義。Please learn the new words by heart.請(qǐng)記住這些生詞。詞組:learn sth by heart含義:記住/背誦 They serve the people heart and soul.他們?nèi)娜鉃槿嗣穹?wù)。詞組:heart and soul含義:全心全意 The

12、boys death broke his mothers heart.那個(gè)男孩的死使他的媽媽心碎。詞組:break ones heart含義:使某人難過/心碎 Lets discuss the problem heart to heart.讓我們開誠(chéng)布公地/誠(chéng)懇地談?wù)撨@個(gè)問題。詞組:heart to heart含義:心連心,貼心地 123456789heart詞組歸納:learn sth by heart記住/背誦heart and soul全心全意break ones heart使某人難過/心碎heart to heart開誠(chéng)布公地/誠(chéng)懇地1234567891234567892.It was

13、 a prison from which no one escaped.(P38)這是一座任何人都無(wú)法逃出的監(jiān)獄。考點(diǎn):escape vi. 逃脫;逃走【高考典句】(2015四川高考) As the months went by,the rabbits saw that I was no threat and didnt escape.幾個(gè)月后,兔子發(fā)現(xiàn)我對(duì)它們構(gòu)不成威脅,所以也就不逃走了。Water is escaping from the pipe.水正從管子里漏出。歸納:escape作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),常與介詞from連用,表示“從逃走”“從中漏出”。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸1)閱讀下列句

14、子,指出escape作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)的含義及用法?！靖呖嫉渚洹?2013湖北高考)His heart beat wildly,and without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cats paws.他的心狂跳起來,于是他不假思索地跑起來,幸運(yùn)地避開了貓的爪子。含義:避開用法1:escape可接名詞作賓語(yǔ)。Her name escapes me.我忘了她的名字。含義:被忘掉用法2:escape可接代詞作賓語(yǔ)。123456789She was lucky to escape being punished.她逃脫懲罰真是幸運(yùn)。含義

15、:逃脫用法3:escape可接v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。A scream escaped his lips.他不禁尖叫一聲。含義:無(wú)意識(shí)(或無(wú)心、不自覺)地從發(fā)出1234567892)閱讀下列句子,指出escape的詞性、詞組或句型及含義。【高考典句】(2014福建高考) As Cinderella made her escape,a shoe got stuck on it.當(dāng)灰姑娘逃跑時(shí),一只鞋子被粘在了上面。詞性:名詞詞組:make ones escape含義:逃跑 Not many people survive such a narrow escape from death.并不是很多人

16、可以這樣九死一生。詞組:a narrow escape含義:九死一生/幸免于難 The fire escape is at the back of the building.防火梯在建筑物的后面。詞組:fire escape含義:防火梯/安全出口 123456789Nothing escaped his attention.什么也逃不過他的注意。詞組:escape ones attention含義:逃過某人的注意 There is no escaping the fact that your wife is suffering from a special disease.無(wú)法回避這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)

17、:你的妻子患上了一種特殊的疾病。句型:There is no escaping the fact that.含義:無(wú)法回避這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)123456789escape用法歸納:escape doing sth逃脫做某事make ones escape逃跑a narrow escape九死一生fire escape防火梯;安全出口escape ones attention逃過某人的注意There is no escaping the fact that.無(wú)法回避這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)1234567891234567891234567893.They were not cleverer than me,but

18、 they did pass their exams.(P38)他們并不比我聰明,但的確通過了考試?？键c(diǎn):not cleverer than不如聰明(客觀上比較)“not+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+than”的含義是“不如”。This novel is not more interesting than that one.這本小說不如那本有趣。He is not taller than you.他不如你高。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下列句子,指出“no+adj./adv.(比較級(jí))+than ”的含義。 The maths problem is no more difficult than t

19、hat one.=The maths problem is as easy as that one.這道數(shù)學(xué)題并不比那道題難(和那道題一樣容易)。含義:并不比難/和一樣不難1234567891234567894.Since I was better educated,I got a job working in an office.(P38)因?yàn)槲沂苓^比較好的教育,我得到了一份坐辦公室的工作?？键c(diǎn):educated adj. 受過教育的;有教養(yǎng)的Your daughter is an educated woman.你的女兒是個(gè)有教養(yǎng)的女子。She was well educated in li

20、terature in a university.她在大學(xué)里受到良好的文學(xué)方面的教育。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下列句子,指出黑體詞的詞性及含義。【高考典句】(2014安徽高考)So they educated the poor people in the city to compost this waste.因此他們教給城里的窮人們把這種廢棄物制成堆肥。詞性:動(dòng)詞含義:教育Do you know that well-educated young man?你認(rèn)識(shí)那位受過良好教育的年輕人嗎?詞性:形容詞含義:受過良好教育的I will go to Australia for further

21、education.我將去澳大利亞深造。詞性:名詞含義:教育/培養(yǎng)123456789He was a well-known educator.他是一個(gè)有名的教育家。詞性:名詞含義:教育工作者/教育家I think you will benefit from the educational experience.我認(rèn)為你將會(huì)從這次有教育意義的經(jīng)歷中受益。詞性:形容詞含義:與教育有關(guān)的;有教育意義的123456789educate vt. 教育education n.教育educator n.教育工作者;教育家educational adj.與教育有關(guān)的;有教育意義的well-educated a

22、dj.受過良好教育的1234567891234567891234567891234567895.I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.(P38)在曼德拉先生和非洲人民大會(huì)黨1994年掌權(quán)之前,我有20年沒有工作。考點(diǎn):come to power 當(dāng)權(quán);上臺(tái)When did that wise man come to power?那個(gè)英明的人何時(shí)執(zhí)政的?123456789考點(diǎn)延伸1)閱讀下列句子,指出come to power與be in power的不同用

23、法。 The government came to power two years ago.=The government has been in power for two years.本屆政府已經(jīng)執(zhí)政兩年了。用法:come to power的含義是 “上臺(tái),當(dāng)權(quán)”,表示動(dòng)作,不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 be in power的含義是 “當(dāng)權(quán),執(zhí)政”,表示狀態(tài),可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 1234567892)閱讀下列句子,指出power的詞組及含義。What you want is beyond/out of my power.你需要的東西是我力所不能及的。詞組:beyond/ou

24、t of ones power含義:力所不能及 We also need a president who will do everything within his power to prevent such an attack.我們也需要一個(gè)可以在能力范圍內(nèi)盡己所能阻止這種恐怖襲擊發(fā)生的總統(tǒng)。詞組:within ones power含義:在某人能力范圍內(nèi) 123456789The man returned to power after being rejected by voters in November.那個(gè)人11月份遭選民否決后又重新執(zhí)政。詞組:return to power含義:重新

25、執(zhí)政 They are making every effort to take/seize/gain power.他們正在盡一切可能來奪權(quán)。詞組:take/seize/gain power含義:奪權(quán) When did he lose power?他何時(shí)下臺(tái)的?詞組:lose power含義:下臺(tái) 123456789power詞組歸納:be in power當(dāng)權(quán);執(zhí)政beyond/out of power 力所不能及within ones power力所能及return to power重新執(zhí)政take/seize/gain power奪權(quán)l(xiāng)ose power下臺(tái)1234567891234567

26、895612347896.All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and.(P38)那時(shí)候我的妻子和孩子們不得不乞討食物和考點(diǎn):beg vi.乞求;乞討;請(qǐng)求The old woman and children are begging in the streets.老婦人和孩子們正沿街乞討?！靖呖嫉渚洹?2012江西高考)At no age need one have to beg for a living if one has good health and is willing to work hard.如果一個(gè)人身體健

27、康,愿意努力工作,那么就絕不需要乞求別人以求生存。561234789考點(diǎn)延伸1)閱讀下列句子,指出黑體詞的詞性及含義。When we meet a beggar,wed better help him.當(dāng)我們遇到乞丐時(shí),我們最好幫幫他。詞性:名詞含義:乞丐He begged her forgiveness.他懇求她的寬恕。詞性:及物動(dòng)詞含義:懇求/請(qǐng)求2)閱讀下列句子,指出beg的詞組及含義。I begged the driver to drive slowly.我請(qǐng)求司機(jī)開慢些。詞組:beg sb to do sth含義:請(qǐng)求某人做某事 561234789She begged me for

28、mercy.她乞求我寬恕。詞組:beg sb for sth含義:乞求某人某事 I beg your pardon?請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍。I said that your brother would come to see you.我說你的弟弟要來看你。詞組:beg your pardon含義:對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍 561234789beg用法歸納:beggar n.乞丐beg sb to do sth請(qǐng)求某人做某事beg sb for sth乞求某人某事beg your pardon對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍 5612347895612347896751234897.They said that the job

29、 and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.(P38)他們說,從南非新政府得到的這份工作和薪水,是我畢生為爭(zhēng)取黑人的平等權(quán)利而斗爭(zhēng)所得到的回報(bào)。675123489考點(diǎn):reward n.報(bào)酬;獎(jiǎng)金vt. 酬勞;獎(jiǎng)賞【高考典句】(2015江蘇高考) This reward may be either of two kinds.One is related to what Freud calls

30、the Pleasure Principle,the other to what he calls the Reality Principle.這種回報(bào)可能是兩者中的一種。一種與弗洛伊德所說的愉悅原則有關(guān),另一種與他所說的現(xiàn)實(shí)原則有關(guān)。【高考典句】(2015天津高考) The authors mother rewarded him with books.作者的媽媽獎(jiǎng)賞給他書籍。675123489考點(diǎn)延伸辨析:reward/award/prizereward多指對(duì)某人的幫助、工作或服務(wù)等報(bào)答、回報(bào)或酬謝。award多指用來獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)在工作中取得成就或成績(jī)突出的人,重在強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)而不在于獎(jiǎng)品的大小或獎(jiǎng)金的多少。prize多指在各類競(jìng)賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或抽獎(jiǎng)中所獲得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、獎(jiǎng)賞。這種獎(jiǎng)賞有的憑能力獲得,也有的憑運(yùn)氣獲得。6751234896751234897865123498.sentenced to five years.被判刑五年(P39)考點(diǎn):sentence v.判決;宣判;判刑I hear that the criminal has been sentenced.我聽說那個(gè)罪犯已被判了刑。He was sentenced to pay