2020年英語總復習資料

1、2020 年中考英語總復習資料八種動詞時態(tài)， 有的只要求達到理解層次， 有的則要求達到熟練運用層次。 至少其中五種時態(tài)包括過去進行時是要求達到熟練運用層次的， 而且其考查方式肯定不會以某一時態(tài)的獨立形式出現(xiàn)， 而是時態(tài)的綜合運用，尤其要重視各種時態(tài)之間的區(qū)別。找出它們之間的不同冠詞的用法.現(xiàn)以冠詞為例：1 .John was given orange bag for his birthday but bag was lost just now.A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the2 .There's old tree near house. A. a, an

2、B.an, the C. a, the D. the, a3 .There is _ 800-metre-long road behind _ hospital.A.an,anB.a,a C.an,the D.a,the4 .good,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.WhatD.How a5 .bad weather!I hope it won't last long. A.HowB.What C.What a D.How a6 .they are listening to the teacher!A.How careful B.What care

3、ful C.How carefully D.What carefully由上例題我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)冠詞和感嘆句是必考內(nèi)容。 同樣， 象賓語 從句的語序、代詞的格、主謂語一致、動詞和介詞的搭配、近義詞的比較以及習慣表達法和情態(tài)動詞的使用等， 無一不在考查之列。 所 有這一切語言基礎(chǔ)知識， 我都將通過對典型試題的解題分析， 展開討 論，分層展示難易對比，系統(tǒng)歸納。 對于語言基礎(chǔ)知識是這樣處理，那么對以能力測試為主要目的的中考其他試題形式又該怎么辦呢？這里我們以一篇完形填空題為例：A poor farmer had never left his small village.After he(1) a lo

4、t of money,he decided to spend a holiday in an expensive hotel( 旅館 )in a bigtown.(2)lunch time came on his first day there,he went to eat in the restaurant( 餐館 )of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter( 服務(wù)員 )(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he turned and (5)the farmer aga

5、in,he had a (6)!The farmer had tied(系)his table cloth round his (7).The head waiter told another waiter to go to the farmer and (8) him that people (9) do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer and said in a (10) voice(聲音),"Good morning,sir.Would you like a haircut?"

6、; 1.A.lent B. made C. paid D. gave 2. A. During B. Though C. When D.Because3. A. for B. with C. on D. in4. A. wanted B. put C. showed D. brought5. A. looked at B. watched C. saw D. found6. A. look B. rest C. table clothD. surprise7. A. arm B. neck C. handD. head8. A. ask B. tell C. taught D. told9.

7、A. can't B. don't C. won't D. mustn't10. A. friendly B. tired C.sad D.ter要求考生從所給的選項中選出正確答案， 使補足后的短文意思通順，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。對此，考生必須通篇考慮，不能拿來就做，那樣必然顧此失彼，前后意思不得連貫。目前的中考完型還側(cè)重于語法，這將在逐年試題的變革中轉(zhuǎn)向按上下文的要求來推斷理解。在解這類題時， 必須掌握 “詞感現(xiàn)象” ， 注意學會區(qū)分 “干擾項” 。所謂詞感，“the sense of word" 是指一種對詞或詞群的感受能力。對詞的感受力強， 在解題時會較為容

8、易地找到它與情景的關(guān)系。 詞感并不僅僅指詞與詞之間的細微差異， 也并不注重詞的搭配與組合， 它較多地強調(diào)選用恰當?shù)脑~， 以利于對情景作出合乎邏輯的判斷。 同時也就把其它三個作為干擾項的選擇項排除掉了。最后復讀一篇全文，就會語感流暢，句意明確。這兒舉例的目的是想說明，我從一個較高的立意來對中考題型，特別是完形、閱讀等，進行分析、探討，借以使同學們獲得較為完整 的解題思路和解題方法。詞匯（一）這一講里，主要幫助同學們掌握名詞、冠詞、數(shù)詞的用法，特別是針對同學不易掌握的方面。一、名詞 關(guān)于名詞，我們必須掌握名詞的數(shù)，名詞的格。單數(shù)可用 a、 an 來修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，在元音發(fā)音開頭的單詞前用an,而

9、不是a1.復數(shù)的構(gòu)成方法：（1） 一般在復數(shù)名詞后加s,如：dog-dogs。（2）以 s、x、ch、sh 結(jié)尾的名詞加 es,如：watch-watches。（3） 以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的名詞，變y 為 i 加 es， 如：country-countries。請區(qū)別：如果是元音字母加y 結(jié)尾的名詞，則只須加 s 。 如：monkey-monkeys。 以o結(jié)尾的名詞，只有 potato（ 土豆），tomato（西紅柿）加es構(gòu)成復數(shù)。（5） 以 f 、 fe 結(jié)尾的名詞， 變 f 、 fe 為 v 再加 es ， 如： knife-knives2. 單復數(shù)形式相同的詞：sheep-sheep

10、 ， fish-fishChinese-Chinese ， Japanese-Japanese3. 特殊變化的單詞有：（1）tooth-teeth， foot-feeth（2）man-men ， woman-wome，n policeman-policemen,Frenchman-Frenchmen請區(qū)別：German德國人）一Germans（3）child -children4. 常以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞： people（ 人） ， clothes（ 衣服 ） ，trousers（ 褲子 ） glasses（ 眼鏡 ） , 這些名詞作主語時，同學們應特別注意它們的謂語，用復數(shù)。 如： My c

11、lothes are （be） newer than yours.5. 有些名詞看似復數(shù)形式，實際上是單數(shù)。這一點是同學不易掌握的，應特別加以記憶。如：newsG肖息），maths（數(shù)學），physics（物 理） Nonews is goodnews.6. 可用how many， many， a few ， few ， a lot of ， lots of ， some，any 等來修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。 How many are there in yourpencil-box?（knife）不可數(shù)名詞： 1. 常見的不可數(shù)名詞有： water ， rice ， fish ， meat，等。應特

12、別記medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,c otton,wood.2. 不可數(shù)名詞無復數(shù)，作主語時常看成單數(shù)。如： Somebreadover there.（be）3. 常用 how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。4. 常用 a piece of,a cup of 等來表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。如要表達“兩片面包” 這樣的意義， bread 仍為不可數(shù)名詞， 不加 s ， 而 piece則可加 s 。即： twopiecesof bread請區(qū)別

13、： 可數(shù)名詞也可用量來表示， 如： 三箱蘋果 three boxes of apples例： 1 、 These two pieces of bread over there.(be)2、 Could I have three ,please ？A.piece of bread B.piece of breads C.pieces ofbread D.pieces of breads名詞的格 名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法，在名詞后加“ 's ” 。如： Tom-Tom's譯為“的”，若遇上以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞，則在s后加“”即可。如： Teachers'Day , twoweek

14、s'holiday ，而不以 s 結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞的所有格，仍按慣例加 's 。如： Children's Day關(guān)于名詞所有格，應掌握以下幾點：1. 可用名詞所有格表示地點。 如： myaunt's 我姑姑家。 go to the doctor's 去醫(yī)生家。2. 表示兩人共同擁有，在最后一個名詞后加 's 如： Lucy andLily's 露西和莉莉的3. 掌握詞組： a girl of five 一個五歲的女孩a friend ofmine 我的一個朋友eg;The white shirt is and blue one is .

15、A、 Kate, my B.Kate's, mine C. Kate, mine D.Kate's,my二、冠詞冠詞是詞匯中的基礎(chǔ)的， 也是簡單的部分， 所以同學們有必要掌握其基本用法，歸納起來，同學們應該掌握以下幾點： 1. 冠詞指不定冠詞 a,an 和定冠詞 the2. 不定冠詞 an 常用于元音發(fā)音開頭的詞前， 如： an hour,an Englishcar. 請區(qū)別： a useful machine3. 指上文提到過的人或物，用定冠詞 the4. 在世界上獨一無二的事物前用定冠詞 the. 如： the sun,the moon,the earth5. 定冠詞 th

16、e 用于序數(shù)詞前，表示方位的名詞和形容詞最高級前。如： the first,the best ,in the south6. 在復數(shù)姓氏前加the,表示xx 一家人，?？闯蓮蛿?shù)。如： The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.7. 在介詞短語中常用定冠詞 the ， 如： in the box ,behind the chair8. 特別注意不能用定冠詞 the 的幾個方面：(1) 在節(jié)日、 星期、 月份、 季節(jié)、 年等詞前不用冠詞。 如： in summer,in August請區(qū)別： in the spring o

17、f 1945. ( 這里表示特指，故加 the)(2) 一日三餐和球類運動名不用冠詞。 如： have breakfast ,play football(3) 一些固定詞組中， 如： go to bed ,go to school,by bus ,at night.9. 在有些詞組中，有冠詞和無冠詞意思不同，請注意區(qū)別：in front of在前面in the hospital在醫(yī)院里in the front of 在范圍內(nèi)的前部 in hospital (生病)住練習 :There's 800-metre-long road behindhospital.A.an,an B.a, a

18、 C.an, the D.a, the三、數(shù)詞同學們首先應會讀會寫所有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞， 以及與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點表達法。對數(shù)詞的考查，中考常采用單選題及聽力題，這些題型歸納起來，應掌握以下幾點特別容易出錯的地方。1. 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞。其規(guī)律為：1,2,3 特殊記，加 th 從 4 起 (first,second,third,fourth)8少t, 9去e,千萬別忘記(eighth,ninth)逢5逢12, ve變f (fifth,twelfth)20 到 90， y 要變 ie (twentieth,ninetieth)若是幾十幾，前基后序別倒位(ninety-first)2 .hundred,t

19、housand,million 在構(gòu)成具體的數(shù)字時用單數(shù)形式。如： five hundred people. 只有在表達籠統(tǒng)的多數(shù)時才加 s ，構(gòu)成復數(shù)形式。hundreds of 數(shù)以百計的，成百上千的 thousands of 數(shù)以千計的，成千上萬的millions of 數(shù)百萬的 這些詞組前不能用具體數(shù)字。3 . 序數(shù)詞常與定冠詞 the 連用。練習 : Henry has learned eight French words this year.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred ofD.hundreds ofThe lesson is the most di

20、fficult one in Book Two.(twenty)另外，同學們還應掌握與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點表達法。順讀法 ( 鐘點分鐘 ) 如： 4:30 four thirty 4:45 four forty-five4:15 four fifteen倒讀法 ( 分鐘to past 鐘點)如： 4:30 half past four4:15 fifteen past four a quarter past four 4:45 fifteento five a quarter to five練習題 :1 .At the beginning of the(twenty) century,the wor

21、ld'spopulation was about 1700 million.2 .Are these(watch)yours? Yes.3 .You don't look well.You'd better go to the(doctor) atonce.4 .Would you give me,please?A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paperD.two pieces of papers5 .There are threeand sevenin the picture.A.monkeys,sh

22、eeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheepD.monkies,sheeps6 .A lot ofare talking with two.A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchmans C.German,Frenchmen D.Germans,Frenchmen7 .June 1 is _. A.the Children's Day B.the Childrens' Day C.Children's Day D.Childrens' Day8 .people went out to see what

23、 had happened.A.Thousands of B.Three thousand ofC.Thousand of D.Threethousands9 .We have been in the school for.A.three and a half month B.three and a half monthsC.three month and a half D.three months and half10 .English is useful language. A.A, anB./, a C.The, an D. A, /11 .John was given orange b

24、ag for his birthday but bag was lost just now.A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the12 .There's old tree near house. A.a,anB.an,the C.a,the D.the,a13 .There is 800-metre-long road behind hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the四.代詞人稱代詞 : 主格 : 單數(shù) I 、 you 、 he 、 she 、 it 復數(shù) we 、 you 、 they賓格 : 單數(shù) me 、 you

25、 、 him 、 her 、 it 復數(shù) us 、 you 、 them物主代詞:形容詞性my 、 your 、 his 、 her 、 its 、 our、 your、their名詞性mine、 yours、 his 、 hers 、 its 、 ours 、 yours、 theirs反身代詞:myself、 yourself 、 himself 、 herself 、itself、ourselves 、 yourselves 、 themselves1. 形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語， 相當于一個形容詞， 名詞性物主代詞在句中可作表語、主語和賓語，相當于一個名詞。2. 注意名詞性物主

26、代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系 , 是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)。如： These books aren't ours. Ours are new.（這里 ours=our books） This is not our room. Ours is over there.（這里ours=our room）3. "of+ 名詞性物主代詞"表示所屬如： a sister of his 他的一個妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一個朋友4. 人稱代詞在并列使用時的順序為： “第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱” 。如： You, she and I all enjoy the music.5

27、. 關(guān)于反身代詞，同學們須掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu)：enjoy oneself=have a good time （ 過得很愉快） byoneself=alone （ 單獨、獨自 ）help oneself to （隨便吃/喝 些）learn sth.by oneself =teach oneself sth. （ 自學 ）練習題1 .-Whose trousers are these? -, I think.A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them2 . Nobody taught_English. He taught. A.him, himselfB.his, himself C

28、.him, by himself D.his, his（二） 修飾可數(shù)名詞 many few 表否定意義a few 表肯定意義修飾不數(shù)名詞 much little 表否定意義a little 表肯定意義few 和 little 與 quite 或 only 連用時，常加不定冠詞 a.如 :There are quite a few new books in the library.=用 little, a little, few, a few填空 :1 .I often stay at home because I have friends here.2 .Jim,don't go a

29、nd get some water. There is water inthe glass.3 .Though he learned French only weeks. He can speakvery well.4 .Lily had bread because she was hungry yesterday.（三）不定代詞 : something, anything, nothing.當形容詞修飾這三個不定代詞時， 常后置。 如： something new13 / 94There's in today's newspaper. 中考題A.important anyth

30、ing B.important something C.anything important D.something important（ 四） 另外， 還要注意代詞 some, every, all, both, either, anotherI.some （一些，某） 一般用于肯定句中 注：some有時也可用 于表示請求的疑問句中。any （任何） 多用于疑問句和否定句 Will you give mesomewater? Would you like somemeat? May I ask somequestions? Could I have someapples?2 .every 單

31、數(shù)名詞 “每一個” 強調(diào)共性，作定語, 形式上為單數(shù)。each “每一個” 強調(diào)個性，作定語、主語、賓語和同位語，常與of 連用。如 : Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has anice skirt.Every child likes playing games.3 .all“（全部 ）都” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位語時，一般放在連系、助動詞之后，行為動詞之前。none “沒有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介詞 of如： We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canad

32、a.None of us is/are afraid of dogs. （單、復數(shù)均可）4 .both “（兩者）都” , 作主語時，看作復數(shù)；作定語時，后跟名 詞復數(shù)。 13 / 94either“兩者中任何一個”，作主語時，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)作定語時，后跟名詞單數(shù)。neither"(兩者)都不”，含有否定意義，用法同either 。如： They both swim well. = Both of them swim well.There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side

33、 of the street. Neither of us is going to Beijing next week. Neither answer is right.5. another + 單數(shù)名詞，“另一個”one the other "一個，另一個”the other + 復數(shù)名詞=the others"其他的人或物”(指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部)others“別人”(五)疑問代詞 5 個 “wh” ,即 who, whose, whom, what, which這里，which是同學們不易掌握的內(nèi)容，其實，同學們只須記住，對作定語的內(nèi)容提問，常用 which.例如：

34、I like the red shirt.do youlike ?練習：一、根據(jù)所給單詞的適當形式填空，使句意通順，語法完整6. Can you come with us ?(we)7. These skirts are hers . Yours are over there.(she)8. Please take care of yourselves , boys and girls.(you)9. I don't think this is my frisby, though it looks likemine .(I)10. Look at those books. Are th

35、ey yours?(that) 二、根據(jù)首字母填空11. Is there anything interesting in the newspaper?12. She asked us to help each other.13. The old man can neither read nor write.14. Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.15. Please help yourself to some fish, Lucy.三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換16. A: The children played happily in t

36、he zoo yesterday.B: The children enjoyed themselves in the zoo yesterday.17、 A: He doesn't like mutton, and she doesn't, either.B: Neither he nor she likes mutton.18、A: All the American people don't like sandwiches.B: Not all the American people like sandwiches.19、A: They don't often

37、 hear the twins sing the song in the school.B: Neither of the twins is often heard to sing the song in the school.ZK)四、單項選擇(C)20、-Can you speak Chinese, Peter?-Yes, but onlyA. little B. few C. a little D. a few(A)21、-Do you like Jane's new skirt?-Yes, very much. I'll ask mum to buy for me.A.

38、 one B. it C. the other D. a(B)22、The color of her skirt is different from of mine.A. one B. that C. it D. this(B)23、Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming. like ball games.A. the others B. others C. the other D. other(A)24、-I'll give the boys to eat.-Oh

39、, I know, fish and chips.A. something English B. English somethingC. anythingEnglish D. English anything(D)25、-Shall I help you with the heavy box?-No, thanks, I can do it .A. me B. my C. mine D. myself(D)26、-What time shall we meet this afternoon,3:00 or 4:00?-I don't mind. time is OK.A. Neithe

40、r B. Each C. Any D. Either(C)27、-My bag is full, what about ?- is full, too.A. you, Yours B. his, He C. yours, Mine D. hers, She(D)28、-I've had enough bread, Would you like ?-No, thanks.A. a few more B. one more C. another more D. some more(A)29、 There are many trees on sides of the river.A. bot

41、h B. either C. neither D. each(A)1、He has two bikes, one is new, is old.A. the other B. other C. the others D. others(C)2、Without the sun, could grow in the world.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything(B)3、 of them is going to play basketball with you this afternoon.A. All B. Neither C. S

42、ome D. Both(B)4、-Can you tell me what a panda looks like?-Look! This is a picture of .A. it B. one C. two D. some(B)5、There are not manypears here, but you can take if you want to.A. few B. a few C. a little D. little二、形容詞 副詞大多數(shù)的形容詞、副詞都有三個等級： 原級：比較級： 比較 . ，更 . 一些最高級：最 .（ A） 1. 構(gòu)成： （ 規(guī)則情況 ） 情況變 化 方 法

43、 例 詞單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞 : 一般情況 加 er, estclever-cleverer-cleverest以字母 e 結(jié)尾 加 r, st nice-nicer-nicest重讀閉音節(jié)、末尾只有一個輔音字母時雙寫加 er, estbig-bigger-biggest以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾 變 y 為 i 加 er, est early-earlier-earliest部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞 在詞前加 more, most slowly-moreslowly-most slowly2. 不規(guī)則變化，須熟記： good/well-better-bestmany/much-more-most f

44、ar-farther-farthestbad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least（B） 常見的使用情況1 .asas和一樣（中間用原級）2 .not as（so） as和 不一樣（中間用原級）3than .比（用比較級）4. 有范圍修飾的用最高級如 :in, of, among 或用從句修飾的eg.Winter is the coldest season of the year. This is the best film that I have ever seen .5. 比較級+and+比較級 意為“越來越 .eg: wetter and wet

45、ter more and more beautiful6. The+比較級，the+比較級 越 就越eg:The more, the better.越多越好(C) 注意點：1. 形容詞最高級前一定要用the, 副詞最高級前可省略。2. 可用 much, a little, even, still等修飾比較級。3. 在比較級中為了避免重復，在than 后常用one,that,those 等詞來替代前面提到過的名詞。eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.(D) 掌握三種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：1 .He is taller than any o

46、ther student in his class. =He is thetallest (student)in his class.2 .This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isn't as interesting as that one.=That film is more interesting than this one.3 .I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English. Which do you like , fish, m

47、eat eggs? A.best, orB.better,or C.best, and D.better,and此外，關(guān)于形容詞、副詞的內(nèi)容同學們還須掌握：1. 形容詞修飾名詞作定語，跟在連系動詞之后作表語。2. 副詞修飾動詞、形容詞或其它副詞 enough 屬例外詞：形/副 +enough to do enough+ 名詞例如 ;She is old enough to go to school. 她夠上學的年齡了。3. 區(qū)別幾組易混淆的副詞 : 也 too 用于肯定、疑問句 also 較為正式書面語either 用于否定句 已經(jīng) already 常用于肯定句、疑問句 yet 常用于否定句、

48、疑問句不再 no (not any) longer 從時間上講no (not any) more 從動作上講如此這樣 such 修飾名詞 eg: such a big boxso 修飾形容詞、副詞 eg: so big單獨、獨自 alone 作表語 =by oneself 孤獨的 lonely 可作表語、定語eg:A group ofgirls are singing and dancing over there. (happy)練習題1 .The students are having a good time in the park. Some aredrawing by the lake.

49、 _ are climbing the hill.A.Others B. Other C. Another D.The other2 .There isn't in today's newspaper.A. important something B. important anything C. anythingimportant D. nothing important3 .-Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it your sister's?-No,Mum. It's not . It's . A.hers, my B. h

50、er,my C. Mine, hers D.hers, mine1.1. he Changjiang River is the third _ river in the world.A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest5. An elephant is than a horse.A.more strong B. much stronger C. the most strong D. much more strong6. Which do you like , tea, orange or water? A.goodB.Well C. Better D.

51、 Best介詞1 與形容詞搭配的詞組有： be afraid of （怕） be angry with（生某人的氣）be away from （不在某地） be different from （與不同） be good at （善于） be good/ bad for （對有益/有害） beinterested in （對感興趣）be late for （遲到） be/get ready for（為作好準備）be sure of （對有把握）be worried about（為感到擔憂）2 介詞后常用人稱代詞賓格和動詞 -ing 形式1）You must take good care of h

52、er. 2）Thank you for teachingus so well.3 幾組易混淆的介詞A “在 . 之后” in + 一段時間（用于一般將來時）after + 一段時間（用于一般過去時） after + 一點時間（常用于一般將來時）如： The baby stopped crying after half an hour.The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit their teacher after Friday.B for + 一段時間 since + 過去的一點時間這兩者均用于現(xiàn)在完成時， 具體在時態(tài)

53、部分， 我會繼續(xù)向同學們講解。C. be madeof "用制成"be madein "由某地制造" be madeby somebody “由某人制成”D in, on, at 表時間 in “在某月 （季節(jié)、年）等”eg:in 1996,in January, in summer固定詞組： in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the endon " 用于指具體的某一天或?qū)Ｖ改骋惶焐衔纭⑾挛缁蛲砩系?quot;eg:on Christmas Day, on the night o

54、f February 16at “用于具體時刻前和某些固定詞組中”固定詞組： at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at thebeginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time注意： 在表時間里， 下列情況下一般不用介詞。 詞組里有： next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all

55、以及 the day before yesterday 和 the day after tomorrow 前不用介詞 。 如 : 不能說 in tomorrow , 只能說 tomorrow 在明天E. except + 賓格/doing something "除之外”（不包括本身）Everyone is at school today except Lin Tao. （ =Only Lin Tao isn't at school today.F “用” 通過交通工具by plane用語言 in English 通過媒介 on /over the telephone, on/

56、over the radio, on TV用工具手段with a pen, with one's handsG between “在 和（兩者）之間”between.and., between the two. among在 . 之間 （ 三者或三者以上 ）eg.Sue spent over two hours _ her homeworkyesterday evening.A.on B.with C.at D.over連詞1 .并列連詞 both and既又謂語用復數(shù)動詞 neither nor既不也不令否定意義，（就近原則）謂語動詞由靠近它的那個主語來決定單復數(shù)。either - or "或者 或者“不是,一就是,”and “和” 連接兩個并列成分, 連接謂語時 , 兩個動詞時態(tài)應一致。but “但是” 表轉(zhuǎn)折，不能與though 同時出現(xiàn)在句中。or “或者”在否定句中，并列句中的列舉常用 or ，而不用 and 。Eg: I have brothers and sisters.（ 否） I don't have brothers or sisters.= I have no brothers and no sisters.2 引導賓語從句的連詞陳述句： that 可省略 一般疑問句： if /whether “是否” 特 殊疑問句