高二英語(yǔ) 單元單詞短語(yǔ)句型知識(shí)梳理 Unit15 大綱人教版第二冊(cè)

1、Unit 15-Unit 16提綱挈領(lǐng)單元考查重點(diǎn)及熱點(diǎn)Unit 15單詞upset airline fly downtown avenue altitude guarantee gather feast dip gymanalyse chat budget rate visa arrangement passport cheque currency短語(yǔ)look into every now and then get/be tired of cool off bring up句型1.there be(no) to do sth.2.虛擬條件句中if的省略Unit 16單詞entry menta

2、l physical suffering greedy trader unemployment unrest sacrifice reconstruction former funeral vain eventually dawn overcome insist plain resist chief afterwards widespread rot wildlife supply chain willing短語(yǔ)in vain take a chance leave alone insist on as a result put out on sale in turn grow up take

3、 away in honour of keep in touch with cut off die out have an effect on give up make use of句型1.ever since.從那以后(一直)2.see表示“經(jīng)歷、發(fā)生、目睹”。Unit 15理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋單詞1.guarantee講：n. 保證，擔(dān)保；作為擔(dān)保之物vt. 保證；確保例:This copier has a three-month guarantee for all repairs. 這臺(tái)復(fù)印機(jī)有3個(gè)月的各種修理保證。 He put up his house as a guarantee. 他提

4、供房子作為擔(dān)保。 Money is no guarantee of happiness. 金錢(qián)并非幸福的保證。 This refrigerator is guaranteed for five years. 這個(gè)冰箱保用5年。 He guaranteed this machine to work for five years. 他保證此機(jī)器可運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)5年。短語(yǔ)look into every now and then get/be tired of cool off bring up句型1.there be(no) to do sth.2.虛擬條件句中if的省略Unit 16單詞entry ment

5、al physical suffering greedy trader unemployment unrest sacrifice reconstruction former funeral vain eventually dawn overcome insist plain resist chief afterwards widespread rot wildlife supply chain willing短語(yǔ)in vain take a chance leave alone insist on as a result put out on sale in turn grow up tak

6、e away in honour of keep in touch with cut off die out have an effect on give up make use of句型1.ever since.從那以后(一直)2.see表示“經(jīng)歷、發(fā)生、目睹”。鏈接·提示 (1)guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.保證某人某物 (2)guarantee to do sth.保證做某事 (3)guarantee that.保證練:He_ to give me a higher pay,so I had to leave this compan

7、y.A.guaranteed B.askedC.provided D.applied提示:從“必須辭職”來(lái)看，給高工資已經(jīng)得到保證。故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A2.avoid講：vt.避免；防止；回避；避開(kāi)；躲避 avoid后如需要接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只能用動(dòng)名詞，不可用動(dòng)詞不定式。例:They narrowly avoided defeat in the semi-final. 他們?cè)诎霙Q賽中勉強(qiáng)躲過(guò)一劫。 They built a wall to avoid soil being washed away. 他們建了一堵墻防止水土流失。 A single woman should avoid walking o

8、n dark streets at night. 單身女子應(yīng)該避免夜間在黑暗的街道上走路。鏈接·提示 (1)fail to do sth.沒(méi)有(沒(méi)能)做成 Never fail to write to me.一定要給我寫(xiě)信。 (2)miss doing錯(cuò)過(guò)做；躲過(guò) The child just missed being hit by the car. 這孩子差一會(huì)兒就被車撞了。 (3)escape doing逃離(災(zāi)難) He escaped from being punished.練:With a little more care you_ this traffic acciden

9、t.A.could avoid B.would avoidC.could have avoided D.must have avoided提示:本句話的意思為“如果你再小心些，你就能避免這次交通事故”。could have done表示“過(guò)去能夠做某事，實(shí)際上沒(méi)做成”。答案:C短語(yǔ)1.look into 調(diào)查；審查；檢查；朝里面看例:A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立一個(gè)工作小組來(lái)調(diào)查這個(gè)問(wèn)題。鏈接·提示 (1)look out(for)注意；當(dāng)心；提防 (2)look through 翻閱；看一

10、遍 (3)look on.as 把看作；認(rèn)為 (4)look forward to 盼望 (5)look down upon/on 看不起 (6)look as if 看起來(lái)(似乎) (7)look like 看起來(lái)像練:(1)The detective and his assistant have begun to_ the mysterious murder.A.look into B.see toC.make over D.come through提示:look into意為“調(diào)查”，see to“辦理，照管”，make over“轉(zhuǎn)讓，改造”，come through“傳來(lái)”。句意為:

11、偵探和他的助手已經(jīng)開(kāi)始調(diào)查這個(gè)神秘的謀殺案，故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A(2)(2010湖南高考)_ for the glass! Its OK.Im wearing shoes.A.Look out B.Walk outC.Go out D.Set out提示:從句意看，應(yīng)該選A項(xiàng)。look out有“小心”之意。答案:A(3)You shouldnt_ your disabled sister.You should help and look after her.A.play with B.look downC.study with D.look down upon提示:本題考查在語(yǔ)境中使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

12、的能力。第二句表明應(yīng)該對(duì)她關(guān)心、幫助，而A、C兩項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)意上恰恰與其相反，故排除。look down upon意為“歧視;看不起”,其中down或upon都不可省略。答案:D2.get/be tired of sth./doing sth. 對(duì)某事感到厭煩/厭倦；對(duì)做某事感到厭煩/厭倦例:She was tired of hearing about their trip to India. 她聽(tīng)膩了他們的印度之行。 Im sick and tired of all the arguments. 我對(duì)這些爭(zhēng)論厭煩透了。鏈接·提示 (1)never tire of doing sth.不厭

13、其煩地做 He went to Harvardas he never tires of reminding us. 他上過(guò)哈佛他就這樣不厭其煩地一再提醒我們。 (2)tire of sth./sb.對(duì)感到厭倦；對(duì)感到膩煩 They soon tired of the beach and went for a walk. 他們很快對(duì)海灘感到膩煩了，便去散步。 (3)tire sb./oneself out使感到筋疲力盡；感到疲憊 She was tired out by her journey. 這次旅行把她累壞了。練:(1)Wont you stop talking?I_ listening

14、to your nonsense.A.am interested in B.am tired withC.am considering D.am tired of提示:依據(jù)上文表達(dá)的意思，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，B項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D(2)Im tired,Dad. Tired?_?A.For which B.For whatC.From which D.Of what提示:選項(xiàng)為省略句，補(bǔ)全為“ are you tired of?”。從句意看，應(yīng)該使用疑問(wèn)詞what。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D句型1.there be(no)need to do sth.講:注意觀察下面教材原句: But ther

15、e is no need to worry if you have never skied before. 如果你從前沒(méi)滑過(guò)雪，不必?fù)?dān)心。 need用作名詞，作“需要；必須”講時(shí)，可以用于need for sth.或need for sb./sth.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，構(gòu)成“There is(no)need(for sb.)to do sth.(沒(méi))有必要做某事”或“sb.have(no)need to do sth.某人(沒(méi))有必要做某事”。例:There is an urgent need for qualified teachers. 迫切需要合格教師。 There is no

16、need for you to get up early tomorrow. 你每天不必早起。鏈接·提示 (1)在there is no need(for sb.)to do sth.中，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)(for sb.)to do sth.用作后置定語(yǔ)，不可用動(dòng)名詞。 (2)在Its no need/no use/no good doing sth.中，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)用作主語(yǔ)，不可用動(dòng)詞不定式。 (3)be in need of需要 The house is in need of a thorough clean. 這房子需要來(lái)個(gè)大掃除。練:(1)They say is no need

17、to worry if you have never sung before.A.it B.there C.that D.what提示:考查句型there is no need to do sth.。答案:B(2)When the Chinese international rescuers arrived in Pakistan,they found the people suffering from the earthquake food and water supplies.A.in desperate need of B.in place ofC.in honor of D.in wa

18、nt提示:句意為:當(dāng)中國(guó)國(guó)際救援人員到達(dá)巴基斯坦時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)地震災(zāi)區(qū)的人們急需食物和飲用水供應(yīng)。in place of代替；頂替；in honour of向表示敬意；in want of=in need of。故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A2.虛擬條件句中if的省略講:注意觀察下面教材原句: Should you have enough energy left after a day on the slopes,you can take a dip in the pool,. 經(jīng)過(guò)一天的滑雪，如果你還有足夠的精力的話，那么你可以去水池里游一游， Should you feel the urge to pa

19、ck your bags and explore what the world has to offer,you might want to consider one of the destinations below. 如果你感到有迫切的愿望去打點(diǎn)行李，探索世界之精彩，你可能考慮下列目的地中的一個(gè)。 以上句子中should開(kāi)頭的句子是省略if的虛擬條件從句。例:Should it rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off. =If it should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off. 如果明天下

20、雨，會(huì)議就延期。 Patience is bitter,but its fruit is sweet.忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果實(shí)是甜蜜的。鏈接·提示 虛擬條件句中if的省略: (1)當(dāng)虛擬條件句中含有were,had,should等詞時(shí)，可以將if省略，同時(shí)把were,had,should等詞置于句首。此句型一般用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。 Were it not for the sun(=If it were not for the sun),nothing could exist on the earth. 如果沒(méi)有太陽(yáng)，世界上將什么也不存在。 Had they not helped us(=If

21、 they had not helped us),we wouldnt have succeeded. 如果沒(méi)有他的幫助，我們就不會(huì)成功。 Should it rain tomorrow(=If it should tomorrow),what would you do? 如果明天下雨，你們?cè)趺崔k？ (2)虛擬條件從句沒(méi)有were,had 或should等助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，不能通過(guò)添加did的方式構(gòu)成倒裝。 正確:If he smoked less,he wouldnt cough so much. 如果他少抽點(diǎn)煙，就不會(huì)咳嗽得這樣厲害。 錯(cuò)誤:Did he smoke less,he wouldnt

22、 cough so much.練:(1) the chance arise,Id love to go to Beijing.A.Would B.Should C.Shall D.Can提示:本題考查虛擬條件句中省略if的用法。句意為:假如有機(jī)會(huì)，我就去北京。答案:B(2) for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so thriving(興旺的)as it is.A.Had it not been B.Were it notC.Be it not D.Should it not be提

23、示:從句意來(lái)看，條件句表示的是與過(guò)去相反的假設(shè)，主句表示與現(xiàn)在相反的事實(shí)。這種虛擬句叫做“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”。故選A項(xiàng)。條件句補(bǔ)上if，就成為if it had not been for the timely investment from general public。答案:A辨析1.be known as,be known for,be known by,be known to(1)be known as意為:作為知名；被稱作是；大家公認(rèn)為；叫作。as后接表示“身份”的名詞。(2)be know for意為:因而出名；因而眾所周知。for后接表示“原因”的詞。(3)be known by意為

24、:憑而知。by表示手段或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，作“通過(guò)、按照”講。(4)be known to意為:為所周知；為所熟知。介詞to后的名詞或代詞為“知情者”，不可以用by。即時(shí)練習(xí): 用as，for，by或to填空 (1)Copacabana,also known_ the “Princess of the Sea”,has just celebrated its one hundredth birthday and is more beautiful than ever. (2)The festival,known_ Carnival,is one of the worlds most famous and

25、attracts visitors from all over the world. (3)There are plenty of easier slopes and Kitzbuhel is well known_ its many ski school. (4)Today,the South is known_ its friendly atmosphere. (5)One can be known_ his words and deeds. (6)He is known _ everyone_ a good doctor. (7)It is known_ us that China is

26、 a developing country. (8)The man is known_ the persons he makes friends with.答案:(1)as (2)as (3)for (4)for (5)by(6)to;as (7)to (8)by2.know,know of know sth.與know of sth.的區(qū)別在于:know sth.表示直接“認(rèn)識(shí)”或“知道”某事物；而know of sth.表示“得知，了解，聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)”。即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)While they are my neighbours,I do not_ them well. (2)I dont kno

27、w him but I_ him. (3)A teacher,above all,should_ how to deal with the problems taking place in class correctly. (4)Do you_ anyone here who is able to speak several foreign languages? (5)I_ her,but I do not _ her personally.答案:(1)know (2)know of (3)know (4)know of (5)know of;know誘思：實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥 第十五和第十六單元的語(yǔ)法是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)