創(chuàng)維供應(yīng)鏈計(jì)劃(PPT 30頁)

1、供應(yīng)鏈計(jì)劃體系王少春供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)作參考模型(SCOR)供應(yīng)鏈計(jì)劃體系目標(biāo)企業(yè)內(nèi)部供應(yīng)鏈計(jì)劃體系供應(yīng)商工廠CDC總部倉庫經(jīng)銷商RDCRDCRDCMRP物料需求計(jì)劃MPS主生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃DRP分銷需求計(jì)劃DM需求管理消費(fèi)者S&OP銷售與運(yùn)作規(guī)劃需 求系統(tǒng)化思維系統(tǒng)化思維 一體化運(yùn)作一體化運(yùn)作 需求管理內(nèi)容分配分配預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)測(cè)溝通溝通影響影響需求管理需求管理需求預(yù)測(cè)誰負(fù)責(zé)做預(yù)測(cè)誰負(fù)責(zé)做預(yù)測(cè)? ?The people who develop the plan should be the same ones who are accountable for its execution. 計(jì)劃的首要原則是讓負(fù)責(zé)具

2、體執(zhí)行的人參與制訂計(jì)劃計(jì)劃的首要原則是讓負(fù)責(zé)具體執(zhí)行的人參與制訂計(jì)劃需求預(yù)測(cè)的原則1、預(yù)測(cè)總是不準(zhǔn)確的。（分析誤差,KPI）2、預(yù)測(cè)的期限越長，預(yù)測(cè)誤差越大。3、匯總預(yù)測(cè)比單個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)更準(zhǔn)確。分銷需求計(jì)劃(DRP)需要決定的問題:1、什么時(shí)候加？2、加多少？如何給車加油？單個(gè)倉庫補(bǔ)貨模型WeekInventory 0需求與供應(yīng)穩(wěn)定情況下補(bǔ)貨需求與供應(yīng)不穩(wěn)定情況下補(bǔ)貨單個(gè)倉庫補(bǔ)貨模型 缺貨！需求與供應(yīng)不穩(wěn)定情況下補(bǔ)貨（安全庫存）單個(gè)倉庫補(bǔ)貨模型需求分布N（, ） 表示需求的均值， 表示需求在均值附近波動(dòng)的大小安全庫存計(jì)算需求服從正態(tài)分布其均值,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為。從下單到商品入庫之間時(shí)間間隔（提前期） 為L，

3、則安全庫存SS通過下面公式計(jì)算。*LKSS 持續(xù)補(bǔ)貨模型周期補(bǔ)貨模型覆蓋周期補(bǔ)貨模型 Safety stock is expressed as a period of coverage: For example, setting the period of coverage to “2 weeks” will try to keep enough stock to cover the next 2 weeks of demand. Safety stock replenishment is planned after Demand is planned.多級(jí)倉庫成品物流工廠工廠/CDC/CDC

4、RDCRDC客戶客戶/ /門店門店2 24 43 3區(qū)域區(qū)域1 1 區(qū)域區(qū)域2 2 區(qū)域區(qū)域3 3 CDCCDC到到RDCRDC補(bǔ)貨物補(bǔ)貨物流流 RDCRDC到客戶到客戶/ /門店門店的補(bǔ)貨物流的補(bǔ)貨物流C CDCDC到客戶到客戶/ /門店門店的補(bǔ)貨物流的補(bǔ)貨物流跨區(qū)域的跨區(qū)域的RDCRDC調(diào)貨調(diào)貨1 1為什么要建立RDC?System A (Decentralized)System B (Centralized)Which of the two systems provides a higher level of service for a given levelof safety stoc

5、k?LKNLKTSSNCRCR*),(Ri),(CRCRLKNTSSNLKSS*:個(gè)倉庫單個(gè)倉庫多級(jí)倉庫補(bǔ)貨模型(DRP)公平份額分配(Fair share allocation)50100150In the event that insufficient capacity exists to satisfy all demand, a decision must be made on what demand to satisfy.Within each bucket within each layer, scarce supply will be fair shared between co

6、mpeting demands. Allocations are proportional to the quantity of demand. Example if two RDCs forecast 100 and 200 units respectively in Wk 20, but total capacity is limited to 150 units then this available qty of 150 would be fair shared between these two countries in proportion to their original de

7、mand (ie 50 and 100).Ratio Demand : Capacity 2:1主生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃(Why MPS)?Sales ForecastMaterial/CapacityPlanningProduction ScheduleSales ForecastMaterial/CapacityPlanningProduction ScheduleMPSMPS 供需匹配客戶 產(chǎn)品 資源 供應(yīng)商主生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃機(jī)制主生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃表物料需求計(jì)劃(MRP)MPSMRPBOM庫存庫存采購計(jì)劃采購計(jì)劃生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃改善方案供應(yīng)商工廠CDC總部倉庫經(jīng)銷商RDCRDCRDCMRP物料需求計(jì)劃MPS主生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃

8、DRP分銷需求計(jì)劃DM需求管理消費(fèi)者S&OP銷售與運(yùn)作規(guī)劃原則:1、掌握經(jīng)銷商庫存，做好RDC出庫預(yù)測(cè)。2、保留少量安全庫存，緩沖從CDC補(bǔ)貨到RDC提前期內(nèi)當(dāng)?shù)匦枨笈c供應(yīng)的不確定性。改善方案供應(yīng)商工廠CDC總部倉庫經(jīng)銷商RDCRDCRDCMRP物料需求計(jì)劃MPS主生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃DRP分銷需求計(jì)劃DM需求管理消費(fèi)者S&OP銷售與運(yùn)作規(guī)劃原則:1、根據(jù)RDC的消耗情況及時(shí)補(bǔ)貨。2、盡量把庫存置于CDC，利用聚集效應(yīng)（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)抵消）降低總體庫存。改善方案供應(yīng)商工廠CDC總部倉庫經(jīng)銷商RDCRDCRDCMRP物料需求計(jì)劃MPS主生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃DRP分銷需求計(jì)劃DM需求管理消費(fèi)者S&OP銷售與運(yùn)作規(guī)劃原則:1、根據(jù)CDC的消耗情況和周計(jì)劃訂單安排日生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃。2、以銷定