動名詞做狀語

1、必修四unit4動名詞做狀語Teaching aim 】：learn v.-ing forms used as adverbialTeaching important point 】:learn v.-ing forms as adverbialTeach ing difficult point 】:how to usev.-ing forms as adverbial【自學(xué)導(dǎo)引】主動形式被動形式一般式：doi ngbeing done完成式：havi ng donehavi ng bee n done動名詞的形式4. -ing分詞作伴隨狀語，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中間，表示主語的另一個、

2、 較次要的動作。如：1) .They stood there for half an hour, watch ing the stars in the sky.他們在那兒站了半小時，觀察著天上的星星。2) .Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.年輕人跟在老人的后面開始慢慢地走起來。5. -ing分詞間或也可作條件狀語和讓步狀語，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。如：Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。注：-ing分

3、詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語就是整個句子的主語。6. “with/without名詞普通格或代詞賓格 +-ing分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語，表示伴隨情 況或時間、原因等。如：1) .His hair became grey with the years pass in g.隨著時間的推移， 他的頭發(fā)變花白了。2) .Without an yo ne n otici ng, he slipped through the win dow.沒人注意，他從窗戶溜了出去。二、功能及用法(做狀語)-ing分詞作狀語可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。1. -ing分詞短語作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于一個

4、時間狀語從句，有時可由連詞when, while引出。如：1) .While readi ng the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一邊看書，一邊不時地點 頭。2) .Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.看到那些畫，他想起了她的 童年。2. -ing分詞短語作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于一個原因狀語從句。如：1) .Not knowing his address, I can' t send this book to him.因為不知道他的地址，我不能把這本書送給他。2) .Being

5、poor, he didn' t go to school unti因為家里窮，他直到八歲才上學(xué)。3) .Many of us, being so excited, couldn ' t go to sleep that night.因為非常激動，那晚我們許多人都沒睡著。3. -ing分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。如：1) .His father died, leavi ng him a lot of mo ney. 他父親死了，留給他許多錢。2) .She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, break ing it i

6、nto pieces. 她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。1. -ing形式的完成式作狀語時，表明其與句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓或者主謂關(guān)系，且先于謂語動詞發(fā)生。如：1) .Being a student, he was interested in books.作為一個學(xué)生，他對書本很感興趣。2) .Not havi ng studied his less ons very hard, he failed the exam in atio ns.因為沒有努力學(xué)習(xí)功課，他考試不及格。3) .Having read the article for three times ,he coul

7、d recite it . 這篇文章他讀了三遍，者E能背下來了。4) .Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistakes.被告訴過多次，他依然在重復(fù)著這些錯誤。5) .Not having finished the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.還沒有完成這項工程，他們不得不再在那里呆兩周。2. -ing形式與動詞不定式在句中作狀語的區(qū)別.-ing形式在句中作狀語表示時間、原因、方式或伴隨情況，而動詞不定式一般式在句中作狀語時，一般是作

8、目的或結(jié)果狀語.【課內(nèi)探究】.從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1. from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine withhim wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. SufferingC. Having suffered D. Being suffered2. Finding her car stolen,.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC.

9、it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help3. He sent me an e-mail,to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope4. While building a tunnel through the mountain,.A. an underground lake was discoveredB. there was an underground lake discoveredC. a lake was discov

10、ered undergroundD. the workers discovered an underground lake5. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriagethe girl and took her away,into the woods.A. seizing; disappearedB. seized; disappearedC. seizing; disappearingD. seized; disappearing6. in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized

11、that he had left hiswallet at home.(北京 2004)A. To waitB. Have waitedC. Having waited D. To have waited7. European football is played in 80 countries,it the most popular sport in theworld.(NMET 1998)A. makingB. makesC. madeD. to make8. the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.（廣東

12、2004）A. Not completingB. Not completedC. Not having completedD. Having not completed9. Thoughmon ey, his pare nts man aged to send him to university.（上海2002）A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lackingD. lacked in10. Having been attacked by terrorists,.（上海 2004）A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall buildi

13、ng collapsedC. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists.11a reply, he decided to write again.（NMET92）A. Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received12. his teleph one nu mber, she had somedifficulty getting in touch with Bill.A. Not knowingB. k

14、nowing notC. Not having knownD. Having not known13. a You can ' t catch jliaebt shouted, away.A. run B. runningC. to runD. ran14. a We can' t go out in this weather,” said Bob,out of the window. （NMET2004）C. lookedD. having been looked15. The storm left, a lot of damage tothis area. (NEMT200

15、5)A. causedC. to causeB. to have causedD. having caused16 It ' s pleasure to watch the face of ababy.A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept17. Thebuildings showed us that anearthquake was comi ng.A. shakingB. shook C. shakenD. shake18. The hotelnow beside the parkwas designed by a group of young men.A. to be builtB. being builtC. builtD. building19. When the first