五種基本句型主謂賓兩種結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)用練習(xí)加詳細(xì)解析

1、五種根本句型一一主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)略謂語(yǔ)：從意義上說(shuō),有表示 動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)兩種情況；表示狀態(tài)的就用“主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)句型來(lái)表示.表示動(dòng)作的就用“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)句型來(lái)表示謂語(yǔ)后面加不加賓語(yǔ),要看 表動(dòng)作的謂語(yǔ)及不及物.在了解及物和不及物動(dòng)詞之前,先講講賓語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ),是動(dòng)詞作用的對(duì)象,通常是由名詞或代詞來(lái)充當(dāng).從位置上來(lái)看,位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后,例如：He reads English在這里English就是作reads的賓語(yǔ).及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞：不講語(yǔ)法上的概念了,直接看例子.例如：1. I like English. 這里的like是及物動(dòng)詞.由于它后面直接跟了個(gè) 賓語(yǔ)En

2、glish,如果它后面不跟English的話(huà),句子含義就 不完整,你到底喜歡什么呢,好似話(huà)沒(méi)說(shuō)完似的,所以說(shuō)及物動(dòng)詞后面必須帶賓02. He often swims in the river他經(jīng)常在7里游泳,這里的swims是不及物動(dòng)詞. 由于它后面沒(méi)帶賓語(yǔ),說(shuō)他游泳句子意思已經(jīng)表達(dá)很清楚完整了, 沒(méi)必要再加賓 語(yǔ)了.注意：in the river不是賓語(yǔ)！由于它不可能作為“游泳的對(duì)象但“英語(yǔ)可以 做為“喜歡的對(duì)象.實(shí)際上,in the river在這里是狀語(yǔ)的,而且是表示地點(diǎn) 的狀語(yǔ).及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞之秘訣一、及物動(dòng)詞后面直接加賓語(yǔ),不及物動(dòng)詞后是不能直接加賓語(yǔ),但有些不及物動(dòng)詞后面加介

3、詞或副詞之后就可以加賓語(yǔ)了例如：look是典型的不及物動(dòng)詞,后面是不能接賓語(yǔ)的,但是如果加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~就可以跟賓語(yǔ)如100k at the blackboard、look for thechild、lokk after his mother 等等.秘訣二、及物動(dòng)詞后面必須加賓語(yǔ),由于不加賓語(yǔ),句意就不完整了.秘訣三、絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞既可以作及物動(dòng)詞也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞,只作及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞是很少一局部.理解了以上概念之后,回到主謂結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái).主謂結(jié)構(gòu),雖然這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中動(dòng)詞后邊不加賓語(yǔ),但是往往帶有狀語(yǔ).狀語(yǔ)有點(diǎn)難理解,看下面的句子吧.下劃?rùn)M線的局部,就是狀語(yǔ),1、 He will come to

4、morrow.他明天來(lái)2、 He is working now.他正在工作.3、He works at this factory .他在這個(gè)工廠工作4、He often swims in the river.他經(jīng)常在河里面游泳5、Tom is always late for school.湯塘經(jīng)常上學(xué)遲到6、I have never been to Shanghai我從沒(méi)去過(guò)7、My Chinese is very good .我的漢語(yǔ)非常好8、He runs quite fast.他跑的相當(dāng)快9、He works hard.他努力工作10、It is too. hot .天氣太熱了 狀語(yǔ)分類(lèi)

5、：I get up at six.我在六點(diǎn)種起床介詞短語(yǔ)在此處是表示時(shí)間的,是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).介詞短語(yǔ)：如in、on、under等等之類(lèi)的,如果介詞后面加上了賓語(yǔ),就把它叫做介詞短語(yǔ),如：in the room on the desk under the table介詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的很多,類(lèi)似的如：on Sunday. in September ,in 2021等等,副詞也可作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如：already E經(jīng)before 以前now 現(xiàn)在yesterday昨天 today 今天 tomorrow 明天 soon 不久,這些應(yīng)該熟記之.表示時(shí)間就是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),那表示地點(diǎn)的,就是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)He did

6、his homework at home 他在家做的家庭作業(yè)介詞短語(yǔ)在此處是表示地點(diǎn)的,是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).副詞也可作地點(diǎn)X犬語(yǔ),如：here 這兒、there 那兒、up 上面、down下面、upstairs 樓上、downstairs 樓下 、anywhere任何地方等等.He is often late.他經(jīng)常遲到副詞在這里是作頻度狀語(yǔ),表示經(jīng)常.常見(jiàn)的還有always 總是、ever 曾經(jīng)、never 從來(lái)不、seldom 很少,不常 、sometimes 有時(shí) 0、usually通常等等She danced beautifully.她舞姿優(yōu)美副詞在這里是作方式狀語(yǔ),是來(lái)修飾動(dòng)t“跳舞的,類(lèi)似

7、的還有：quickly很快的、bravely、勇敢地happily 快樂(lè)地、fast:很快地、well 好地 He speaks English very well.他的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)的很好副在這里是作程度狀語(yǔ),是到修飾副詞well的,類(lèi)似的還有：very quite too等.熟記狀語(yǔ)之1 .狀語(yǔ)通常是有副詞、介詞短語(yǔ) 來(lái)充當(dāng),是來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分.2 .狀語(yǔ)通常是來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、副詞、形容詞.3 .地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)的頻度最高,而且 二者都可由介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞充當(dāng).其他的狀語(yǔ)大都是有副詞充當(dāng).4 .時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的位置比擬靈活,可以在句首、句中、句尾.不過(guò)通常的位置在句尾.如果時(shí)

8、間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)同時(shí)在一個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn),一般情況下,地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)在前,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)在后.5 .頻度副詞的位置一般在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前,be動(dòng)詞之后或助動(dòng)詞如havehascan 等與一般行為動(dòng)詞如 runworkdraw之間.小結(jié)：在本句型講解中,我們補(bǔ)充了賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)以及及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞五種根本句型一一主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明： 賓語(yǔ)主要是由名詞和代詞充當(dāng)?shù)?其實(shí),作賓語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的還有：動(dòng)詞不定式to do 動(dòng)名詞doing 如：He wanted to go home to go home# want 的賓語(yǔ);He likes listening to music listening to music

9、 作 like 的賓語(yǔ).需要注意的是：動(dòng)詞后面接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)對(duì)所有及物動(dòng)詞都行得通的,但并不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞后面都可以接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞.這里有三種情況：其一、有些動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)詞不定式,其二、有些動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)名詞,其三、有些動(dòng)詞兩者都可以接.記憶技巧：1 .下面的動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)名詞要決：“megafepg 霉咖啡不吃mind 介意、miss 錯(cuò)過(guò)、enjoy 喜歡、give up 放棄、admit 成認(rèn)、avoid 防止、finish 完成、escape 逃脫、practise 練習(xí)、suggest儂議2 .下面的動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)詞不定式要訣：“要想干,同意辦,愿意不愿

10、意,決定盡量干.A.要求,想要,希望want、wish、hope、expect intend、meanB.同意agree promiseC.意愿care、hate refuseD.決定,企圖determine、decide、offer、attempt try、 manage3.下面的動(dòng)詞既可以跟動(dòng)名詞又可跟動(dòng)詞不定式begin to do somethingdoing somethingstart to do somethingdoing somethingcontinue to do somethingdoing somethingforget to do somethingdoing so

11、methingremember to do somethingdoing somethingregret to do somethingdoing something like to do somethingdoing something love to do somethingdoing something hate to do somethingdoing something try to do somethingdoing something mean. To do somethingdoing something練習(xí)三判斷以下句子是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)還是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),如果是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)請(qǐng)指出是由什么

12、充當(dāng)?shù)馁e語(yǔ)名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、doing等等1 He arrived yesterday.2 The boy is crying loudly.3 She died in 2000.4 The man disappeared in the street.5 I like music.6 She wanted some help7 I slept well last night.35 .We can watch TV8 Iom built a house last year.9 I bought a computer in the street yesterday10 .Tom often

13、swims in the river11 .My sister works in that factory.12 .The sun is rising. 13 .They know him.14 .He enjoys listening to music. 15 .My watch has stopped.16 .It is snowing hard.17 .My grandma coughed all night.18 .She was cooking.19 .I found a box under the bed.20 .Kate described the picture. 21 .I

14、hate to go there.22 .He remembered telling you. 23 .His aunt will come.24 .The farmer works very hard. 25 .The flowers need watering.26 .We usually watch TV on Saturday evening.27 .She has cleaned the room. 28 .He liked collecting stamps.29 .Both of them work in the school library.30 .Kate is runnin

15、g fast. 31 .The ship moves slowly32 .He wanted two boxes watches. 33 .I read every book in the school library.34 .You can understand me.36 .The children are reading carefully. 37 .Mr. Smith speaks very fast.38 .The train has arrived.39 .They won ' t come today.40 .You mustn ' t talk loud41 .

16、You will close the door.42 .She decided to wait.43 .I met one of my friends in Beijing.44 .He passed the exam last year. 45 .China has a large population.46 .He knows a little English. 47 .I have received your letter.48 .The students answered the questions.49 .He is beginning a new life. 50 .He lear

17、ned to ride a bike yesterday.51 .Have you finished writing?52 .I suggest trying it once more.53 .I want to go to college. 54 .She often dances in the park.55 .Kate often studies at school at night.練習(xí)三答案1 He arrived yesterday.他昨天到達(dá).主謂結(jié)構(gòu).時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) yesterday2 The boy is crying loudly.那個(gè)男孩正在大聲的哭.主謂結(jié)構(gòu).狀語(yǔ) loud

18、ly3 She died in 2000.她死于2000年主謂結(jié)構(gòu).狀語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)in 20004 The man disappeared in the street.那個(gè)人在街上消失了.主謂結(jié)構(gòu).介詞短語(yǔ)in the street做狀語(yǔ)5 I like music.我喜歡音樂(lè).主謂賓.名詞 muisc做賓語(yǔ)6 She wanted some help她需要一些幫助.主謂賓.名詞短語(yǔ) some help做賓語(yǔ)7 I slept well last night.昨天晚上我睡的很好.主謂.副詞 well last night做狀語(yǔ)8 I built a house last year.去年我建了所房

19、子.主謂賓.A house做賓語(yǔ)9 I bought a computer in the street yesterday昨天我在街上買(mǎi)了臺(tái)電腦. 主謂賓.A computer做賓語(yǔ).In the street yesterday做狀語(yǔ)10 Tom often swims in the river湯姆常常在河里面游泳.主謂.介詞短語(yǔ)in the river做狀語(yǔ)11 My sister works in that factory.我的姐姐在那個(gè)工廠工作.主謂.介詞短語(yǔ)in that factory做狀語(yǔ)12 The sun is rising.太陽(yáng)正在升起.主謂.13 They know hi

20、m.他們知道他.主謂賓.代詞him做賓語(yǔ)14 He enjoys listening to music.他喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè).主謂賓.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) listening to music做賓語(yǔ)15 My watch has stopped.我的表已經(jīng)停了.主謂.16 It is snowing hard.雪下得正緊.主謂,副詞hard做狀語(yǔ)17 My grandma coughed all night.我的奶奶咳嗽了整個(gè)晚上.主謂,時(shí)間副詞all night做狀語(yǔ)18 She was cooking.她正在做飯.主謂19 I found a box just now .剛剛我找到一個(gè)盒子.主謂賓,名詞 a

21、 box做賓語(yǔ),just now做狀語(yǔ)20 Kate described the picture.凱特描述了那些圖片.主謂賓,名詞 the picture做賓語(yǔ)21 I hate to go there.我討厭去那里.主謂賓,不定式to go there做賓語(yǔ)22 He remembered telling you.他記得告訴過(guò)你.主謂賓,動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) telling you做賓語(yǔ)23 His aunt will come.他姨將會(huì)來(lái).主謂24 The farmer works very hard.那個(gè)農(nóng)民工作的很努力.主謂,副詞短語(yǔ)very hard做狀語(yǔ)25 The flowers need

22、 watering.那些花需要澆了.主謂賓,動(dòng)名詞 watering做賓語(yǔ)26 We usually watch TV on Saturday evening.我們通常在星期六晚上看電視.主謂賓,名詞 TV做賓語(yǔ),介賓短語(yǔ)on Saturday evening做狀語(yǔ)27 She has cleaned the room.她已經(jīng)清掃了那個(gè)房間.主謂賓,名詞 the room做賓語(yǔ)28 He liked collecting stamps.29他喜歡集郵.主謂賓,名詞短語(yǔ) collecting stamps做賓語(yǔ)30 Both of them work in the school library.

23、他們兩個(gè)人都在學(xué)校圖書(shū)館工作.主謂賓.介詞短語(yǔ)in the school library做賓語(yǔ)31 Kate is running fast.凱特正跑得快.主謂.副詞做fast狀語(yǔ)32 The ship moves slowly.輪船在慢慢移動(dòng).主謂.副詞做 slowly狀語(yǔ)33 He wanted two boxes of watches.他要了兩盒的火柴.主謂賓,名詞性短語(yǔ)two boxes of watches做賓語(yǔ)34 I read every book in the school library.我在圖書(shū)館讀了每本書(shū)/我讀了圖書(shū)館里的每本書(shū).主謂賓,名詞 every book做 賓語(yǔ)

24、,介詞短語(yǔ)in the school library做狀語(yǔ)/介詞短語(yǔ)in the school library做后置 定語(yǔ)35 You can understand me.你能夠理解我.主謂賓,代詞 me做賓語(yǔ)36 We can watch TV.我們能夠看電視.主謂賓,名詞 TV做賓語(yǔ)37 The children are reading carefully.孩子們正在看專(zhuān)心讀書(shū).主謂,副詞 carefully作狀語(yǔ)38 Mr. Smith speaks very fast.司密斯先生說(shuō)話(huà)說(shuō)的很快.主謂,副詞短語(yǔ) very fast作狀語(yǔ)39 The train has arrived.那趟

25、火車(chē)已經(jīng)到達(dá).主謂40 They won ' t come today.他們今天不會(huì)來(lái)了.主謂,today作狀語(yǔ)41 You mustn ' t talk loud你不能大聲說(shuō)話(huà).主謂,副詞loud作狀語(yǔ)42 You will close the door.你要把門(mén)關(guān)住.主謂賓,名詞the door做賓語(yǔ)43 She decided to wait.她決定去等待.主謂賓,不定式短語(yǔ) to wait做賓語(yǔ)44 I met one of my friends in Beijing.我在遇到了我的一個(gè)朋友.主謂賓,名詞性短語(yǔ)one of my friends做賓語(yǔ),inBeijing做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)45 He passed th