高考英語語法填空題解題技巧與方法

1、高考英語語法填空技巧與方法解題策略與技巧1 .通讀全文，把握大意。既然是通過語篇在語境中考語法，那么，我們?cè)诮忸}前，應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，這一步非常重要。2 .結(jié)合語境，試填空格。讀懂短文之后，要結(jié)合短文所提供的特定的語言環(huán)境，從句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性去分析思考空格所缺單詞的詞性，再根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，以及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系來確定具體要填的單詞和所給詞的正確形式。具體來說，可按設(shè)題類型分為三類情況：3 .重讀全文，解決難題。在解題過程中要先易后難，難題在大部分空格填好后，再經(jīng)過仔細(xì)推敲，難題也就不會(huì)再難了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章從頭至尾復(fù)讀一遍。一、純空格試題的解題技巧。首先，分析句子

2、結(jié)構(gòu)，確定填哪類詞。然后，再根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞。確定填哪類詞有以下7個(gè)技巧：技巧1:缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞或名詞（多考代詞）。如：例 1I can send a messageto Kenya whenever I want to, and 38gets there almost in asecond. （20XX 年茂名一模）技巧2:名詞前面，若沒有限定詞（冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞），很可能填限定詞。如：例 2It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty （

3、9601279） was very anxious tohelp 33 rice crop grow up quickly. （20XX 年廣東高考）例 3the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 35 smalltown some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. （20XX廣東高考）技巧3:句子不缺主語、表語、動(dòng)詞后不缺賓語的情況下，名詞或代詞前面，一定是填介詞。例 1 who should have the honour of rec

4、eiving me 33 a guest in their house. （20X存廣東圖考）技巧4:若兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞。例 1 two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 34 Candido Portinari, which are worthmillions of dollars.例 2all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me36 almost instantlygave me a completely new sense of what l

5、ife is all about. （20XX#深圳模）技巧5:若兩句（一個(gè)主謂關(guān)系算一個(gè)句子）之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填并列連 詞或從屬連詞。例 1 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days 32 I was to return toGuangzhou. （20XX 年廣州一模）例 2 He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,37 he felt very happy （20XX年廣東高考）技巧6:若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動(dòng)詞是原

6、形，特別是與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時(shí)，很可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞（do, does, did等）。例 1What is acceptable in one country 31 be considered extremely rude in another. (2007珠三角五校聯(lián)考)例 2 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he bring home a regular salary. 技巧7:由特殊的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。(1)由it is

7、that強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)形式，判斷填it還是that。如：例 1 and 40 was only after I heard she became sick that I learned shecouldn ' t eat MS味精)！(20XX 年廣州一模)(2)由倒裝句式判斷，是填構(gòu)成倒裝的條件的 only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had 等，還是填 do, does, did 等。如：例 1with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.(3)由it作形式主語或

8、形式賓語的句式判斷，空格處是否填it。如：例 1 as32took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famousartists (20XX 佛山二模)例 2Dating sites also make 36 easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.(20XX年惠州二模)(4)so /suchtha向型。如：例 1 This made the goat so jealous 34 it began plotting against (謀戈 U 對(duì)付)t

9、he donkey.(20XX年惠州二模) (5)more than 其說不如說，比更)句型。如：例 1Cynthia 'story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares40 how much he pays. (2007采圳寶安期末)二、給出了動(dòng)詞的試題的解題技巧首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞，然后按以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考。技巧1:若句中沒有別的謂語動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)， 所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語動(dòng)詞；若是謂語動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。例 1His fear

10、of failure36(keep) him from classroom games that other children playedwith joyous abandon. (20XX 年深圳一模)例 2 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined herInvitation,40(close) my book and walked away. (20XX年廣州一模)例 3 In Logan, three people 38(take)to a hospital, while others were

11、 treated at a localclinic. (2007 梅州二模)技巧2:若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語動(dòng) 就要確定用一ing形式、一ed形式，還是用不定式形式，確定的方法主要有：(1)作主語或賓語，通常用 一ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體的情況。如：例 1 but it is not enough only 35(memorize) rules from a grammar book. (20XXP佛山一模)例 2(speak) out your inner feeling won' t make you feel

12、ashamed, on the contrary(2)作目的狀語或者在形容詞后的作狀語，一般用不定式。如：例 1(complete) the project as planned, we' ll have to work two more hours a day.例 2 Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely33 (succeed). (20XX年佛山一模)(3)作伴隨狀語，常用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞。如：例 1

13、He saw the stone,37(say) to himself:"The night will be veryarkH”一模)例 2 The headmaster went into the lab,(follow) by the foreign guests.(4)不論非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中作何種成分，若判斷需要用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系用一ing形式，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系用一ed形式。如：例 1 There will be a meeting,40(start) later this year to review the film. (20XX 年廣州 二模)例 2 Lessons 3

14、9(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.六東考試說明)(5)括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞也不一定是考動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)或非謂語動(dòng)詞，而是考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換，a作主語、在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語，用名詞形式。 如：例 1 When China ' s ancient scientific and technological(achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.例 2 These people ha

15、ve made great 39(contribute) to China with their work. (20XX年茂名二模)例 3 - instructors expect students to be familiar with 32(inform) in the reading (20XX年三校聯(lián)考)例 4there was a lot of information about the city-known tousistej 34(attract) (20XX年廣州一模)例 5 When China ' s ancient scientific and technolog

16、ical hiece) are mentioned, thenation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.例 6 These people have made great 39(contribute) to China with their work. (20XX年茂名二模)例 7 - instructors expect students to be familiar with 32(inform) in the reading (20XX年三校聯(lián)考)b在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在 冠詞(+形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。如：例

17、1 With the large numbers of students, the(operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.三、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。具體方法有：(一)所給詞若是名詞，作表語、定語或補(bǔ)語，通常把名詞變成形容詞形式。如：例 1 The youngster immediately fell (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例 2 In a(danger) part of the se

18、a off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to例 3 Teachersmust try their best to make most of their students(interest) in the subject（二）所給詞若是形容詞，技巧1:在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在冠詞（+形容詞）”后，用名詞形式。如：例 1the remains date from this period becauseof their 38（similar） to those foundelsewhere. （20XX年廣州二模）技巧2:修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或

19、整個(gè)句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。如：例 1 As I looked 32（close） at this girl, I fount that年深圳（20X）X例 2 There must be something 40（serious） wrong with our society. （2008州期末）例 3Singles are flocking（涌向）to the Internet 33（main） because their busy lifestylesleave them little time （20XX 年惠州三模）技巧3:若是形容詞或副詞，有可能是考查其比較等級(jí)。如：例 1 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even 36（harand