牛津譯林版高中英語(yǔ)模塊4 Unit 3 Section Four Grammar and usage 2 課件

1、Unit 3 Section Four Grammar and usage 2 課件The man _ (call) “Good husband.is calledThe pet dog _ (treat) by veterinary. is being treatedA frog _ (catch) by a big bird just now.was caughtAn argument _ already _ (put forward). has been put forwardPoint out the verb, the subject and the object in the fo

2、llowing sentences:We kept food in the fridge.We must close the windows and the door.S V.O.SV.O Food was kept (by us) in the fridge.The windows and the door must be closed.How can we change a sentence into passive voice ?1. Find out the object of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence

3、 with the passive voice.2. Decide the tense of the sentence and use the related form of its passive.3. If necessary, use “by to join the former subject, which should be put into its object form.When do we use the passive voice?Many houses will be built here.不知道或沒(méi)必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。不知道或沒(méi)必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。The song “

4、The East is Red was written by a poor peasant.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)。動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)。You are requested to attend the meeting.出于禮貌出于禮貌, 不愿意說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。不愿意說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。Change the following sentences into the passive voice

5、:1. All of us like her.2. We are discussing the question.3. We have put off the meeting.4. I will develop my picture next week.She is liked by all of us.The question is being discussed.The meeting has been put off.My picture will be developed next week.be+ done am/is/are 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are+being現(xiàn)在

6、進(jìn)展時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)shall/will+be一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)have/has+been現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)be+ done was/were 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) was/were+being過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)would+be過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)had+been過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)Please read Point 3 on Page 48.Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given: I _ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English _ (find)

7、 very useful.3. The work _ (finish) tomorrow.4. The flowers _ (water) by them now.was given is foundwill be finished are being watered5. The railway _ (build) this time last year.6. The new way _ already _ (build).7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting

8、_ (hold) the next month.9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwould be held is grownChange the following sentences into passive voice and ask questions about the underlined parts:1. We will build many new sports venues for the Beijing Olympics.Many ne

9、w sports venues will be built for the Beijing Olympics.What will be built for the Beijing Olympics?2. I was watching the final match on TV yesterday evening.3. John carried the Canadian flag at the opening of the Olympics.The final match was being watched yesterday evening.Where was the final match

10、being watched yesterday?The Canadian flag was carried by John at the opening of the Olympics. Who (Whom) was the Canadian flag carried by at the Olympics?4. We have made the flags by hand.5. I will take care of your dog while you are away.The flags have been made by hand.How have the flags been made

11、?Your dog will be taken care of while you are away.What will be taken care of while you are away?We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc.Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.Computers can calculate the position of the viewer at an

12、y time.The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.Practice1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.The objects in the film can be touched.A real sense of achievement and h

13、appiness may be felt.Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films.6. Scientists ought to develop RealCine further.7. The viewer must wear special gloves.RealCine could be used in the classroom too

14、.RealCine should be used for all films.RealCine ought to be developed further.Special gloves must be worn.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種句型被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種句型1. 單賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)造。單賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)造。Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher) in teaching English.The villagers gave

15、the foreign guests a warm welcome.The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes.2. 雙賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)造。雙賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)造。People in the flooded areas were offered some food and clothes.S

16、ome food and clothes were offered to the people in the flooded areas.3. 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)造。復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)造。They heard someone singing in the next room.objectObject complementSomeone was heard singing in the next room.在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，有些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，有些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后接不帶后接不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 但但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，要改為帶在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，要改為帶to的不定式作主的不定

17、式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如: see/hear/make sb. do sth.Sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth.They saw the boy fall from the tree.The boy was seen to fall from the tree.4. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)造。相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)造。相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 如如: look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, pu

18、t out 等。等。The children are taken good care of.The big fire has been put out.孩子們得到了很好的照顧。孩子們得到了很好的照顧。大火已經(jīng)撲滅了。大火已經(jīng)撲滅了。特別注意特別注意1. 只有及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)才可以有只有及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)才可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 不及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。或系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 如如: happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel等。等。Correct mistakes:This

19、room is belonged to me.This music is sounded sweet. belongs tosounds2. 有些動(dòng)詞常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的有些動(dòng)詞常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的意思，如意思，如: open, write, read, sell, wash, measure 等等。Your article reads well.This type of car sells well in China.This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.It is said that It is reported t

20、hat It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed out that 3. 在一些固定句型中常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。在一些固定句型中常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 如：如：It is reported that another man-made satellite will be sent into the moon next month.Another man-made satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month. 據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道,下個(gè)月

21、又一顆人造衛(wèi)星將會(huì)被發(fā)下個(gè)月又一顆人造衛(wèi)星將會(huì)被發(fā)送到月球上。送到月球上。The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned.It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.人們認(rèn)為這三個(gè)失蹤的海員已經(jīng)淹死了。人們認(rèn)為這三個(gè)失蹤的海員已經(jīng)淹死了。 It is said that Li Ping will study abroad.Li Ping is said to study abroad. It is said that Li Ping is studying a

22、broad.Li Ping is said to be studying abroad.Li Ping is said to have studied abroad. Li Ping is said to have been studying abroad. It is said that Li Ping studied abroad. It is said that Li Ping has been studying abroad.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表構(gòu)造被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表構(gòu)造被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，句子主語(yǔ)是該動(dòng)作的承被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，句子主語(yǔ)是該動(dòng)作的承受者，過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作；而系表構(gòu)造表示受者，過(guò)去分

23、詞表示動(dòng)作；而系表構(gòu)造表示狀態(tài)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)。狀態(tài)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)。The long novel was written by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s.The long novel is well written, isnt it ?The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it ?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)系表構(gòu)造系表構(gòu)造系表構(gòu)造系表構(gòu)造Feedback:Choose the best answers: Is

24、 Bob still performing ? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official. to have left B. to leaveC. to have been left D. to be left 2. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. will not be sent; that no

25、t be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused B. had been causedC. will be caused D. will have been caused4. Much attention should _ the rapid increase in the

26、 number of cars on the roads, which may _ traffic jams and more accidents.A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result fromC. be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others.A. praise B. praisingC. being praised D. be praised6. What did the students

27、 think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday? To tell you the truth, the students were all _ with the _ speech.A. boring; boring B. boring; boredC. bored; bored D. bored; boring7. My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further education.A. offered B. was offeringC. has offered D. was offe

28、red8. A book _ more than once if you want to understand it better.A. must be readed B. must be read C. must to be read D. must read9. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.A. is used B. are usedC. have used D. has been used10. George and Lucy got married las

29、t week. Did you go to their wedding ? No. I _. Did they have a big wedding? was not invited B. have not been invitedC. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite11. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time. A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell12. With the help of high technology, mor

30、e and more new substances _ in the past years. A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered13. I got caught in the rain and my suit_. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined14. As the years passed, many occasions birthdays, awards, graduations_ with Dads flowers. A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marke