職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)綜合a試卷及答案

1、. 全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試綜合類(lèi)（A級(jí)）試題及參考答案 第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第115題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1. Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.A. honest   B.qualified C. enabled        D.clever2. The latest car model embodies thenew r

2、esearch development.A. lists          B. Includes C. borrows     D.broadens3. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremeA. severe B.hard C.warm    D. Dry4. Sheis an artist whos

3、e work will undoubtedly withstand the test of time.A. grade   B.attract C. bear     D. Suffer5. Hewore a shabby thin overcoat in the cold winter so that he fell ill.A.old       B.big C. new     

4、D.small6. The weather was so gorgeous thatmany people went outing.A. uncontrollable B. Pleasant C. cloudy          D.Unbearable7. Competitors must abide by thejudge's decisionA. keep       &#

5、160;  B. Read C. understand   D.Obey8. The umbrella was ingeniously devisedto fold up into the pocket.A. seriously      B. CleverlyC. attentively   D. Carefully9. Some newspapers in the west are notably biased.A.especially &#

6、160;  B.wholly C. totally      D. Fairly10. His answers were obscure and confusing.A.unclear  B.obvious C. clear      D. Direct11. The way she looked after her youngsister was really touchingA. disturbing    B.

7、 Connecting C.moving         D.waving12. We are worried about this fluid situationfull with uncertainty.A. stable      B. Suitable C.changeable  D.adaptable13. They have built canals to irrigatethe desert.A. de

8、corate      B.change C. visit          D.water14. The details of the costume were totally authentic.A. outstanding    B. Real C. creative          D. False15. The ne

9、w garment fits herperfectly.Aclothes   B.haircut C. purse   D.necklace第2部分：閱讀判斷(第1622題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A; 如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B; 如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。Income taxFor many young Americans, graduating from college means finding a job, movi

10、ng out of the dorm room and beginning to register one's annual earnings with the US government.That last item is the law, though sometimes it's a hassle(難事)to obey.Independent tax advisor Bob Gilbert calls the US income tax system "amazingly complicated". But he adds that "ver

11、y little of the complicated tax law applies to young people who are just beginning their careers". According to Gilbert, 80 to 90 percent of Americans are not really burdened by the system's complications.Still, all the numbers and forms can be a little confusing to those who are just start

12、ing their careers. Some pull out their calculators and try to do the math alone. Some use income tax software. Others just hand the whole responsibility over to tax firms like Gilbert's. According to income tax law expert Linda Beale, young people will often follow their parents' lead when f

13、illing their income forms."Young people who grow up in wealthy households typically use professional tax services because their parents have always done so," said Beale, a professor at Wayne State University in Michigan State."On the other hand, most poorer young people probably try t

14、o do their own taxes, unless they want a quick 'refund' with the help of a tax advisor".In fact, obeying the law has its benefits. For one, many young people can expect a tax refund. This means that, over the course of the year, they have paid too much in monthly federal or state taxes

15、and are entitled to the difference.Bob Thalman, a 20-year-old university student, expects he will get a refund of about 100, which will probably go in the bank, or perhaps be used to pay for car insurance or credit card bills.Thalman called the whole process a "hassle", but added that he d

16、idn't wat to test the law by not filling his income tax papers."I'm worried about what would happen if I failed to file," he said. "I know one individual who did not report his income tax for many years, and he's now in federal prison. I certainly dont want that."16.

17、A college student with a part-time job is not required to file an income tax form.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. The US income tax system does not wholly apply to a college graduate who is just beginning his or her career.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. It's pretty easy for a beginn

18、er to report his or her income tax.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. When young people file their income tax form, they will often follow in their parents' footsteps.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. Young people from poorer families needn't file their income tax forms.A. Right B. Wr

19、ong C. Not mentioned21. If one has failed to report his or her income tax for quite a few years, he or she may be put in prison.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. The US income tax system will be simplified in the next few years.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第2330題，每題1分，共8分)下面的

20、短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第2326題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題; (2)第2730題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Tunguska Event1 A hundred years ago this week, a gigantic explosion ripped (撕裂) open the day y above a forest in western Siberia, leaving a scientific riddle that endures to this day.2 A dazzling light pierced the heave

21、ns,followed by a shock wave as strong as 1,000 atomic bombs. The explosion flattened 80 million trees across an area of 2,000 square kilometers. The fireball was so great that, a day later, Londoners could read their newspapers under the night sky. What caused the so-called Tunguska Event, named aft

22、er the nearby Podkamennaya Tunguska river, still remains a mystery.3 Experts suspect it was a rock that, after traveling in space for millions of years, was destined to crash to Earth at exactly 7:17 a.m. on June 30, 1908. This possibility worries scientists.“Imagine an unspotted asteroid (小行星) hitt

23、ing a significant chunk(塊) of land . and imagine if that area, unlike Tunguska, were populated,” the British science journal Nature commented recently.4 But no fragments of the “rock” have ever been found. Finding such evidence would be important, for it would increase our knowledge about the risk p

24、osed by dangerous Near Earth Objects (NEOs), say Italian researchers Luca Gasperini, Enrico Bonatti and Giuseppe Longo. When the next Tunguska NEO approaches, scientists will have to decide whether to try to deflect (使偏轉(zhuǎn)) it or blow it up in space.5 However, several rival theories for the Tunguska E

25、vent exist. Wolfgang Kundt, a professor at Germany's Bonn University,believes the Tunguska Event was caused by a massive escape of 10 million tons of methane(甲烷)-rich gas from deep within earth's crust. Some people hold that the explosion was caused by an alien spaceship crash, or a black ho

26、le in the universe.23. Paragraph 1_24. Paragraph 2_25. Paragraph 3_26. Paragraph 4_A. Competing ExplanationsB. Unknown AttacksC. Mysterious ExplosionD. Star WarE. Importance of Finding EvidenceF. Explanation that Worries Scientists參考答案：C、F、E、A27.  The gigantic explosion that occurred a hundred

27、years ago  _28.  The shock wave which followed the dazzling light _29. The hypothesis that the explosion was caused by a rock colliding with the Earth _30. Wolfgang Kundt, who has developed an alternative theory _A. has remained a puzzleB. lacks sufficient evidence

28、C. is a university professorD. was generated by the explosionE. will kill many animalsF. are attacked by aliens參考答案：A、D、B、C第4部分：閱讀理解(第3145題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇 Sports Star Yao MingIf Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world, he is almost certainly the tall

29、est. At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the National Association (NBA) and holds the record as the most towering Olympian ever to compete in the Games.But what really stands out about the giant center is his celebrity (名氣). Few, if any, Chinese athletes are as well-known as Yao around the world.

30、People across the globe are fascinated with Yao, not only for his basketball prowess (杰出的才能) but also for being a symbol of international commerce.When Yao joined the Houston Rockets as the No. 1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft (選拔), he was the first international player ever to be selected first. His as

31、sets on the court are clear enough no NBA player of his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he isa handful (難對(duì)付的人）for opponents on either end of the court. But what makes Yao invaluable to the Rockets organization is his role as a global citizen and as abridge to millions of potential basketbal

32、l fans in China.When it was announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season and possibly the Olympics with a stress fracture (骨折）in his left foot, a collective shudder (震動(dòng)) spread across China. After considerable debate and discussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgically treate

33、d in an operation that placed several tiny screws across the bone, to offer his overburdened foot more support. The surgery was a success,and though the estimated four-month recovery period will leave him little time to prepare with Team China, Yao has vowed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics.Yao

34、wrapped up a 10-day trip to China,where he underwent a series of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recovery process. Western experts are generally skeptical of TCM's benefits, although new research from the university of Rochester suggests that a certain com

35、pound derived from shellfish may speed stimulate bone repair.“There is no reason to dismiss TCM,"Yao told a press conference in Beijing. “Its been used in our country for thousands of years. I don't think that its short on science.”31.   The word "towering" in Paragraph

36、1 means_.A.     Iarge.B.     fat.C.     tall.D.    Great.32.   Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of his_.A.     mobility.B.     assaultC.  

37、;   defense.D.     Celebrity.33.   Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCM treatments because_.A.     his right foot had been hurting.B.     he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.C.     the surgical

38、 operation had been a failure.D.     he couldn't afford all the medical expenses.34.   Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?_.A.     He missed the Athens Olympics.B.     He is an NBA player.C.     He

39、fractured his left foot.D.     He is an international figure.35.   In general, the Western experts' attitude towards TCM is_.A.     indifferent.B.     positive.C.     negative.D.     Dou

40、btful.第二篇 Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-DestructScientists have long understood that super massive black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hole's gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls t

41、he star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough.Scientists say this uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu Brassart and

42、 Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire de Paris in Meudon, France, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such an unfortunate star's life, as it veered towards a super massive black hole.When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape.&

43、#160;Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would be complicated by shock waves generated during the flatteni

44、ng process and that no nuclear explosion should occur.The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and found that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. "There will be an explosion of the star it will be completely destroyed,&qu

45、ot; Brassart says. Although the explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the star's matter from being devoured by the black hole.The explosion is powerful enough to hurl much of the star's matter out of the black hole's reach, he says.The devouring of stars by black holes may alr

46、eady have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought that several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays.If stars disrupted near black holes really do e

47、xplode, then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Halpern of Columbia University in New York, US."It may make it possible to see the disruption of that star immediately if it gets hot enough," he says.Brassart agrees. "Perhaps i

48、t can be observed in the X-rays and gamma rays, but it's something that needs to be more studied," he says. Supernova researcher Chris Fryer of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, US , says the deaths of these stars are difficult to simulate, and he is not sure whe

49、ther the researchers have proven their Case that they explode in the process.36. Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to a black hole.Which of the following destructive statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The black hole could tear apart the star.B. The black hol

50、e could trigger a nuclear explosion in the star.C.The black hole could dwindle its size considerably.D. The black hole could devour the star.37. According to the third paragraph,researchers differed from each other in the problem of_A.whether nuclear reaction would occur.B. whether the stars would i

51、ncrease its density and temperature.C. whether shock waves would occur.D. whether the uneven forces would flatten the stars.38. According to the fourth paragraph,which of the following is NOT true?A. No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star.B. The star would be destroyed completely.C.

52、 Much of the stars matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black holes reach.D.The black hole would completely devour the star.39. What will happen several months after the explosion of the star?A. The stars matter will move further away from by the black hole.B. The black holes matter wi

53、ll heat up.C.The torn stars matter will swirl into the black hole.D. The black holes matter will release ultraviolet light and X-rays.40. According to the context,the word “disruption”in Paragraph 6 meansA. “Confusion.”B. “Tearing apart.”C. “Interruption.”D. “Flattening.”第三篇 Dont Count on DungConser

54、vationists(自然保護(hù)主義者) maybe miscalculating the numbers of the threatened animals such as elephants, say African and American researchers. The error occurs because of a flaw in the way they estimate animal numbers from the piles of dung(糞) the creatures leave behind.The mistake could lead researchers t

55、o think that there are twice as many elephants as there really are in some regions,according to Andrew Plumptre of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in New York.Biologist Katy Payne of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, agrees. “We really need to know elephant numbers and the evidence tha

56、t we have is quite indirect,” says Payne, who electronically tracks elephants.Counting elephants from planes is impossible in the vast rainforests of Central Africa. So researchers often estimate elephant numbers by counting dung piles in a given area. They also need to know the rate at which dung d

57、ecays: Because its extremely difficult to determine these rates, however, researchers counting elephants in one region tend to rely on standard decay rates established elsewhere.But researchers at the WCS have found that this decay rate varies from region to region depending on the climate and envir

58、onment. Using the wrong values can lead the census astray(離開(kāi)正道), says Plumptre.He and his colleague Anthony Chifu Nchanji studied decaying elephant dung in the forests of Cameroon. They found that the dung decayed between 55 and 65 per cent more slowly than the dung in the rainforests of neighbourin

59、g Gabon. If researchers use decay rates from Gabon to count elephants in Cameroon, they would probably find more elephants than are actually around. This could mean estimates in Cameroon are at least twice as high as those derived from decay rates calculated locally, says Plumptre. “However accurate

60、 your dung density estimate might be, the decay rate can severely affect the result.”P(pán)lumptre also says that the dung-pile census should be carried out over a region similar in size to an elephants natural range. The usual technique of monitoring only small, protected areas distorts numbers because

61、elephants move in and out of these regions, he says ”If the elephant population increases within the protected area, you can not determine whether it is a real increase or whether it is due to elephants moving in because they are being poached(入侵偷獵) outside.”P(pán)lumptre says that similar problems may also affect other animal census studies that rely on indirect evidence such as nests, tracks or burrows(地洞).41. The word "threatened" in the first sentence of the first paragraph could be best replaced by_.A."endangered".B. &