高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法It的用法講解與練習(xí)Word版

1、It的用法It的用法在高考中也是重現(xiàn)率較高的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，尤其是it用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句。其考查方式多通過(guò)“單項(xiàng)填空”進(jìn)行，偶爾也出現(xiàn)在“短文改錯(cuò)”和“完形填空”中。一、要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)拔1代替上文中提到過(guò)的人或事物。指代人時(shí)，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。1) Who is the baby? Its my teachers son2) Who is that gentleman? It's my friend TomHe(不可用It) wants to see you2用于表達(dá)天氣、環(huán)境、時(shí)間、距離、季節(jié)等。例如： 1) Its half an hours walk from here to our s

2、chool2) Its nice and warm here3) But it's two o'clock now, and it's time for us to go to school3用作形式主語(yǔ).it 沒(méi)有具體意義，而只是幫助把真正的主語(yǔ)移至句子后尾，使句子顯得平穩(wěn)一些，能借it 給移至句子后尾的主語(yǔ)有三種：一種由不定式表示，一種由動(dòng)名詞表示，一種由從句表示。  1).It 替代真正的主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ).     It is easier to say than to do .  

3、   It is a good act to help the others. 2).it 替代真正的主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),以動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)的句子，主要在以no good, no use, no harm, dangerous, foolish 等詞作表語(yǔ)的句中. Its no harm drinking running water in that area。 Its foolish talking like that.3).it 替代從句作主語(yǔ)，用從句做主語(yǔ)的帶it 的句子很多,常見的有下面幾類：  It is a pity (a shame ,a fac

4、t ,a wonder ,a good thing, etc. ) that      It is a shame that he didnt pass the exam.  It is strange ( surprising, obvious ,true, good, possible, clear, etc. ) that 。      It was clear that they had no desire for peace. 

5、; It seems (happened ,turned out, etc.)that      It seemed that things were not as they expected. It is said  ( decided ,expected ,etc)that      It is said that the tickets have been sold out .4.用作形式賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式,ing短語(yǔ)或從句往往用it作形式賓語(yǔ),

6、而將真正的賓語(yǔ)移至句末,句子重心后移。1) We find it difficult to learn English well in such a short time2) We think it no use crying over spilt milk3) We made it clear when and where we were going to have the meeting5用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，即“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。 使用該句型有以下幾點(diǎn)請(qǐng)注意： 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的謂語(yǔ)is或was永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù). It was yesterday that

7、I met your father in the street不管被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是哪種狀語(yǔ)，只能用that連接，不得使用where、when等連詞. It was in the street that I met your father yesterday被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用who(主格或賓格)和whom(賓格)代替that，用that也行。1) It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday2) It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday強(qiáng)調(diào)句

8、中 也要注意主謂一致、人稱一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問(wèn)題。1) It is they who are our friends2) It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night注意不要混淆強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句。It is wasthat為強(qiáng)調(diào)句標(biāo)志，去掉后仍可組成一個(gè)完整的句子，只是沒(méi)被強(qiáng)調(diào),而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。比較： 1) It was ten o'clock when we got home last night我們昨晚到家時(shí)已十點(diǎn)了。2) It was at ten o'clock that we go

9、t home last night我們昨晚是在十點(diǎn)到家的。第一句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，when不可改為that,因?yàn)槿サ鬷t was和that后，只能組成“We got home ten o'clock last night”這樣一個(gè)不完整的句子；第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，that不可改為when二、常用句型及考點(diǎn)I. 形式主語(yǔ)型 1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain) that 2. It is important (necessary，right，strange，natural)that 掌握本句型，應(yīng)該記住所列舉的形容詞，并且記住that后的從句

10、應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (should+動(dòng)詞原形)，should可以省去。 3. It is no good (use) doing sth 4. It is a pity (a shame ) that 本句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (should十動(dòng)詞原形)，should可以省去。表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 5. It is time (about time，high time) that 本句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 6. It is the first (second)time that 7. It is said (reported，

11、learned)that 8. It is suggested (ordered) that 本句型中的過(guò)去分詞應(yīng)該是表示請(qǐng)求、建議、命令等的詞，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should十動(dòng)詞原形)，should可以省略。常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令”。 9. It happens (seems，appears) that 10. It takes sbto do sth 11. It doesnt matter whether 12. It is kind (of sb) to do sth 本句型中的不定式如果需要邏輯主語(yǔ)，則須要前置介詞of，而句型中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)特征的形容詞，

12、常見的有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty, polite，rude，silly, stupid，wise，wrong等。 13. It is necessary ( for sb) to do sth 14. It is (just) like sb to do sth 本句型為“某人(恰恰)是樣子”。用來(lái)表示贊揚(yáng)或不滿，若用否定式，則表示懷疑。 例：It's like him to leave the work to others 他就是這樣的一個(gè)人，把工作

13、推給別人。 15. It is up to sb to do sth 本句型表示“誼由某人做”。II強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 It is+ 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who 本句型中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，that可以由who換用。III其他句型 1. It issince 本句型主句中用時(shí)間作表語(yǔ)，一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的從句常用瞬間動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。主句如用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 2. It iswhen 本句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。 3. It looks (seems) as if 本句型中的

14、as if引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“看起來(lái)好像”。如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 例1 It looks as if he is ill (真的病了) . 例2 It looks as if he were ill (沒(méi)有生病) .Exercises:一單項(xiàng)選擇1. It was at the gate _ he told me the news. A. that B. what C. which D. when2.Is _necessary to tell his father everything A. it B. that C. what D. he3.Was it in this p

15、alace _ the last emperor died? A. that B. in which C. in where D. which 4. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. now B. man C. that D. it 5.Was it during the Second World War _he died? A. that B. while C. in which D. then 6. Is _necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. t

16、his B. that C. it D. he7.I don't think _possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it8.Does _matter if he can't finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it 9.It was not _she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film st

17、ar. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then10. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _didnt help. A. he B. which C. she D. it 11._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It12. Is _ possible to fly to

18、the moon in a spaceship? Anow Bman Cthat Dit13Our food and service are better than _ used to be. Ait Bwe Cthey Dthem14_ appears to me _ the report must be truth. AThat; it BIt; that CIt; it DThat; that15He feels _ duty to help others. Athat he Bthat his Cit he Dit his16Take _ easy. The roads are icy

19、.Ait Bthem Cus Dyou17The TV sets made in China are much better than _ in Japan. Athat Bthose Cthem DIt18 Have you found the bike you lost yesterday? Yes, I've found _ already. Ait Bthat Cthe one Dthat one19. I'm looking for a flat. Would you like _ with _ garden? Ait; the Bit; a Cone; a Done

20、; the20_ was _ who I met in the museum this morning. AIt; him BIt; he CThat; he D. That; him21It was in the rice fields _ we had our League meeting.Awhere Bthat Cin which Don which 22_ you come to the party so late?AWhy is it BWhy it is CWhy it is that DWhy is it that23 Were all three people in the

21、car injured in the accident No, _ only the two passengers _ got hurt Athey were; that Bthere was; that Cit was; who Dthere are; who 24I don' t think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work .Athis Bthat Cits Dit25It was not _ she took off her glasses _ I realized she was

22、a famous film star A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then26.It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began. Awhile Bwhich Cthat Dsince27_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. AThere BThis CThat DIt28It was about 600 years ago _ the first c

23、lock with a face and an hour hand was made.Athat Buntil Cbefore Dwhen29It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty. Auntil Bthat Cthen DSo30I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. Ait Bthat Cthese Dthem31 Why don't we take a little break? Didn'

24、t we just have _ ? Ait Bthat Cone Dthis 32.Was it during the Second World War _ he died？(MET88)Athat BWhile Cin whichDThen33.Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship？(MET88)AnowBthatCitDMan34.I don't think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work(MET90) AThis Bthat

25、 CitsDIt35._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language(NMET95)AThere BThis CThat DIt36. It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with face and an hour hand was made.(NMET97)Athat Buntil Cbefore Dwhen37._computers play such an important part in our daily life?AWhy it i

26、s thatBWhy is it that CWhy was it that DWhy is it38. Was it during the Second World War _he died?A. that B. while C. in which D. then39. Is _ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?A. everyone B. this C. her D. it 40. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. now B. that C. i

27、t D. man 41. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. this B. that C. its D. it42. She heard of a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that 43. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.A. it B. th

28、at C. which D. he44. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it45.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help.A. he B. which C. she D. it46. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that

29、 D. it47._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It48. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.A. it B. those C. them D. one49. It was about 600 years ago _the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. that B. unt

30、il C. before D. when50. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A. it B. that C. these D. them51. It was only when I reread his poems recently_ I began to appreciate their beauty.A. until B. that C. then D. so52. It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you

31、are.A. one B. that C. what D. it53. It _ you that _ to blame.A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is54. Was_that I saw last night at the concert?A. it you B. not you C. you D. that you 55._ electricity plays such an important part in our life? A. Why is it that B. Why is it C. Why it is that D.

32、Why is that 56. It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. what; what B. that; that C. what; that D. that; what 57. It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Harris _ they did the experiment.A. which; that B. that; what C. whom; that D. which; where58.Many people now make a rule to buy cards

33、for their friends before Christmas.A. themselves B. it C. that D. this 59.Someone is at the door, who is ?A. this B. that C. it D. he 60.It is raining cats and dogs. .A. So it is B. So is it C. Neither it isD. Neither is it 二.分析it成分，辨清相似句型。1. _ is well know to us all that the earth is round._ is well known to us all, the earth is round. A. That B. As C. It D. Which2. _doesnt matter much whether hell come to the party.