小學(xué)英語四大時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)(共3頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上小學(xué)英語四大時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)一 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的簡單用法：表示經(jīng)常的，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)經(jīng)常與often，always，usually，sometimes，every day等時(shí)間狀語連用。2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成方式 ：be, have 和行為動(dòng)詞用原形， 主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要相應(yīng)地變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式：I go to work by busShe goes to work by bus.3. 第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則：A. 一般在動(dòng)詞后面直接加s: runs, gets, likes, sings, takes, readsB

2、. 動(dòng)詞 以s, x, sh, ch, o結(jié)尾的，在其后面加es: watches, washes, goesC. 動(dòng)詞末尾以y結(jié)尾的且前面是輔音字母的，將y改為i加es, studystudies，flyflies, 如y前是元音字母，則直接加s，如buybuys, saysays4. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike

3、?5. 行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句

4、：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?二 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：be ( am, is, are )+doing (所有的動(dòng)詞+ing)3. ing 的變化規(guī)則：1）. 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ing：workworking，studystudying2）. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的，去掉e，再加-ing： havehaving， liveliving3）. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ing：runrunn

5、ingStopstopping，forgetforgetting，beginbeginning.4. 1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。Is he working at home?3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為： 特殊疑問詞 + be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing? What are you doing?三 一般過去時(shí)：I. 一般過去時(shí)的概念：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：last year, yesterday等； 也可表示過去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often, always等頻率副詞連用。例如

6、：I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看見他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅總是步行上學(xué)。II. 一般過去時(shí)的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成：(1)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成有四條規(guī)則：一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study-stu

7、died。(2)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。III. 一般過去時(shí)的幾種句型肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式+其它。如：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+did not (didnt)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：He didnt go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天沒去玩具店。一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問句的構(gòu)成：Did+主語動(dòng)詞原形其它？如：1) -Did

8、you go to Beijing last week? -Yes, we did. (No, we didnt.)2) -Did you meet the businessman before? -No, I didnt. (Yes, I did.)一般過去時(shí)的特殊疑問句的構(gòu)成：疑問詞did+主語動(dòng)詞原形其它？如：1) -What did you do last night? -I did my homework.2) -Where did you go last week? -I went to Shanghai with my parents.一般過去時(shí)口訣：否定句很簡單，didnt 站

9、在動(dòng)詞原形前，其它部分不要變。一般疑問句也好變，did放在句子前，主語、動(dòng)詞原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑問句也簡單，疑問詞加一般疑問句記心間。小學(xué)階段要掌握的幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過去式: watched TV, washed clothes, played football, cleaned the room, visited grandparents, went to a park, went swimming, read a book, went fishing, went hiking, learned Chinese, sang and danced, took pictures, climbe

10、d a mountain, ate good food, bought presents, rowed a boat, saw elephants, went skiing, went ice-skating.5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, dr

11、aw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat四一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或即將要做的事情，通常用“be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形”或是“will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，與一般將來時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：tomorrow， next month, in the future, soon, in three days等“shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形”，表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。其中shall通常用于主語是第一人稱，will可以用于

12、主語是各種人稱，其否定形式縮寫分別為shant 和wont. 例如：I will arrive tomorrow. Shall we go to the park this weekend? I shant go there tomorrow.be going to+動(dòng)詞原形：表示即將要發(fā)生的或打算最近要做的事情。It is going to rain. We are going to watch a football match this evening.3. go, come, start, move, sail, leave等動(dòng)詞可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作I am leav

13、ing for Beijing tomorrow.4. 否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。 例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.5.一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?6.對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對劃線部分有三種情況。 a. 問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. b. 問干什么