高考語法名詞性從句(學(xué)案)

1、高一下學(xué)期重點語法：名詞性從句 自編資料 建議打印出來，認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，一定受益匪淺 英語中的三大從句：定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句。一、 概念名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。二、 名詞性從句的種類 （找出下面劃線句子分別是什么名詞性從句）1. When we will start is not clear.2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4. I had no idea that you were her

2、friend.（1）主語從句：三種結(jié)構(gòu)1. 主語從句+謂語That she will win the match is certain.2.主語從句+形容詞（名詞詞組、過去分詞）+that從句It is important that we teens should learn EnglishIt is said that our school will hold a sports meeting3. It +seem (happen，appear等不及物動詞)+that從句It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.（2）賓語從句在句子中起賓語

3、作用的句子叫賓語從句，賓語從句放在及物動詞或介詞之后作賓語。賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)主句 + 連接詞(引導(dǎo)詞) + 賓語從句I don't know why he is always late for school.We all agree with what you said at the meeting.（3）表語從句 表語從句位于連系動詞后,有時用as if引導(dǎo)。結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語 + 系動詞 + that從句1. be, look, remain, 等系動詞后均可跟表語從句：My suggestion is that we should go shopping.2. as if 也可引導(dǎo)表語從

4、句。It looks as if its going to rain. 3.the reason why is that 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road.It was because I got up late.（4）同位語從句同位語從句在句中作同位語，它一般要放在主句中某些名詞的后面，說明這些名詞的含義?？筛徽Z從句的名詞主要有：fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, w

5、ord, belief等。Beijing ,the capital of China, is my hometown.We heard the news that our team had won. We were happy to hear the news that was announced by our boss.同位語從句的簡易判斷方法： 我們可以在名詞和從句之間加be,使之構(gòu)成一個新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則是同位語從句，定語從句是不能用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來的。 eg: The belief that the earth is flat is still held

6、in some countries.判斷：定語從句, 同位語從句1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming.3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4.We expressed the hope that they had ex

7、pressed.5. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.Key:1 同謂語從句 2 定語從句，that 充當(dāng)主語代替先行詞 3同位語從句4定語從句，that 充當(dāng)賓語 5同位語從句三、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：1. 連接詞 ：that、if、whether （不充當(dāng)句子成分）2. 連接代詞 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which（充當(dāng)句子成分）3. 連接副詞： when、 where、why、how （充當(dāng)狀語）四、名詞性從句考點歸納 :考點1：連接詞： that 與 what 的區(qū)別1._ he

8、 wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.歸納總結(jié)：Key 1what 2That 3that 4wha

9、t 5what 6what 7that 8what考點2. 區(qū)別if 與whether 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. The argument _ well have a sports meet remains to be settled.3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _ they can do it matters little to us.6. _ you are not fre

10、e tomorrow, Ill go without you.7. He doesnt know _ to stay or not.請你歸納：只能使用whether 的情況：Key 1whether/if 2 whether 3whether 4whether 5whether 6whether 7whether考點3. what, whatever, who, whoever_等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個定語從句，而_等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有疑問意義。1._ was said here must be kept secret.2._ we need is more ti

11、me.3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.4._ breaks the law will be punished. Key 1 What 2 What 3 Who 4 Whono matter who/what與whoever /whatever考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever歸納總結(jié)：Key B No matter + 疑問詞不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句?？?/p>

12、點 4 ：it作形式主語,形式賓語it 作形式主語翻譯：1.他犯了那樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。_ is a pity .2.他來不來不重要。 _doesnt matter.Key 1 That he made such a mistake is a pity.= It is a pity that he made such a mistake. 2 Whether he will come or not doesnt matter.=It doesnt matter whether he will come or not.用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) It is 名詞 從句 It is a fac

13、t that 事實是 It is an honor that 非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that 是常識(2) It is 形容詞 從句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物動詞 從句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4) It 過去分詞 從句 It is reported that 據(jù)報道 It has been proved that 已證實 It is said that 據(jù)說 it 作形式賓語(1

14、) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to do(2) it 指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容,常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it + if 或when從句I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. oneKey C考點5 語序問題(陳述語序，主語在前， 謂語動詞在后)1. The photographs will show you _ A.

15、 what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like2. You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news .A. how he was excited B. how was he excitedC. how excited he was D. he was how excited3. He asked _ for a violin. A. did I

16、 pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 4. The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like Key 1B 2C 3D 4B挑戰(zhàn)高考【2011重慶22】It is still under discussion _

17、the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where09重慶We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.A. that     B. when C. which    D. where

18、08重慶People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how10浙江. It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whetherKey 1A 2A 3C 4B 同學(xué)們，快通過題目測試一下，自己掌握得怎樣？名詞性從句1

19、. It depends on _ we have enough money.A. if B. whether C. if or not D. what答：B。在主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、讓步狀語從句、不定式前或介詞后一般用whether，不用if。2. We discussed _we should make him monitor.A. if B. whether C. that D. what答：B。在discuss動詞后一般用whether，不用it。3. Seeing me so pale, he asked me _.A. what was the matter B. wha

20、t the matter wasC. what the matter is D. what is the matter答：A。由asked判斷從句應(yīng)用過去式，whst做句中的主語，詞序不變。4. The reason _he was late was _ he had taken a wrong bus.A. that, why B. why, thatC. why, because D. why, because of答：B。當(dāng)reason做主語時，表浯從句用that引導(dǎo)，不用why或because。5. Can you tell me_ the railway station?A. how

21、 I can get to B. how can I get toC. where I can get to D. where can I get to答：A。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序。根據(jù)the railway station這一信息排除C項。6. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. What B. That C. The face D. The matter答：A。what意為“所的”。7. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it.A. there B. where C. th

22、ere where D. where there答：B。there為副詞，不能做先行詞，故不能看作定語從句，此題where引導(dǎo)的是表浯從句。8. No one can be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like答：A。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序。9. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whet

23、her C. That D. Where答：B。引導(dǎo)主語從句應(yīng)用whether，不能用正在下列情況下只能用whcther不能用if如：Whether hell come or not doesnt matter much. 主語從句The problem is whether you have time. 表語從句 I have no idea whether well go to the Great Wall. 同位語從句 Whether you agree or not, well go there. 讓步狀語從句 I dont know whether to go or not. 不定式

24、前 Im not quite sure about whether he can help us. 介詞后 We are now discussing whether well put off the meeting, discuss之后10. _the boy didnt study hard made his mother angry.A. Which B. What C. That D. It答：C。that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，that只是一個引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒有實際意義，也不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，在主語從句、表語從句及同位語從句中that都不能省。但在賓語從句中that可以省略。11. The

25、truth is_he doesnt work hard enough.A. why B. what C. that D. which答：C。that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，指明確具體的一件事。12. These wild flowers are very rare. 1 will do _ I can to save them.A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever答：A。whatever表示“所的一切，凡是”。13. I remember _ this used to be a quiet village.A. when B. how C. where

26、 D. what答：A。when從句在此題中為賓語從句。14. We were all very much worried over the fact _ you were ill.A. that B. what C. which D. about which答：A。that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句。15. China isnt_she used to be.A. what B. that C. which D. /答：A。what從句在此題中為表語從句。16. _ there is life on the moon is impossible.A. Whether B. If C. That D.

27、 What答：C。根據(jù)impossible這一信息詞可排除A項。17. There is no doubt_ hell succeed in the future.A. what B. that C. whether D. if答：B。一般情況下表示懷疑的、不確信的事常用whether，表示不懷疑、確信的事常用that。如： doubt dont knowI wonder whether . am not sure question am sureI dont doubt that . dont question18. It is generally considered unwise to

28、give child_he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever答：B。whatever 凡是，所的一切19. Its uncertain_.A. why did he do it B. why does he do itC. when did he do it D. whether he did it or not答：D。uncertam不確信20. It is true_ he said surprised us all.A. what B. that C. that what D. what that答：

29、C。it為形式主語，真實主語為that從句，whath he said為從句中的主語。21. _can be done has been done.A. Which B. When C. What D. That答：C。本句童為“能做的事都做了”。22. Ill do_ I can to help you.A. what B. that C. which D. all what答：A。car后省去了do，意為·我將傲我所能做的事去幫助你們”。what=all that23. One of the two men held the view_ the book said was rig

30、ht.A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether答：A。that為引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)同位語從句，做view的同位語。24. _ you do should be good for the people.A. No matter what B. WhateverC. No matter how D. However答：B。whatever在意思上相當(dāng)于no matter what,但含有no matter的從句一般不做主語或賓語。25. _ leaves last ought to turn off the lights.A. Who B. Anyone

31、C. Whoever D. The person答：C。whoever=anyone who26. It worried her a bit_ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for答：B。It為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正主語。27. When do you think _?A. will he come B. he will comeC. is he coming D. did he come答：B。do you think為插入語，含有插入語的特殊疑問句用陳述語序。28. Can you make sure_

32、the gold ring?A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice putC. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put答：C。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成耐。29. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.A. how B. after C. what D. when答：C。本句童為“電腦只能做你要求它傲的事?！?0. I think its going to be a big problem. _Yes, it could be.

33、 I wonder_ we can do about it.A. if B. how C. what D. that答：C。第三句童為“我不知道對此我們能做些什么?！?1. I wonder_ I can do more for our country.A. what B. how C. whatever D. however答：B。more做do的賓語。意為“我不知道如何能為國家多做些貢獻(xiàn)?！?2. There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is.A. that B. which C. of which D. what答：A。