常見的及物動詞和不及物動詞區(qū)別66795

1、常見的及物動詞和不及物動詞區(qū)別只要是動詞都有這么分的，標(biāo)注vt 的是及物動詞，標(biāo)注vi 的是不及物動詞。不及物動詞沒有被動態(tài)。動詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語，可分為兩類，分別是：及物動詞（ transitive verb ）、不及物動詞（ intransitive verb ），縮寫形式分別為 vt. 和 vi. 。英語動詞是句子的核心。 它既決定著句子意思的表達(dá)同時(shí)又決定著句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。首先，要分清及物不及物動詞。根據(jù)其后是否帶賓語，動詞可分為及物動詞（帶賓語）和不及物動詞（不帶賓語）。如：When will he arrive 他什么時(shí)候到（ arrive 不帶賓語，為不及物動詞）He rea

2、ched Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到達(dá)北京。（ reach 帶了賓語，為及物動詞）動詞及物與不及物通常有以下幾種情況：主要用作及物動詞。及物動詞后面必須跟賓語。可用于： "主謂賓" ； "主謂雙賓" ； "主謂賓賓補(bǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)。如：He reached Paris the day before yesterday.They asked me to go fishing with them.1) 及物動詞賓語例：I love my home. 我愛我家。He bought an English dictionary. 他

3、買了一本英語詞典。2) 及物動詞間接賓語直接賓語例：She taught us maths. 她教我們數(shù)學(xué)。My mother gave me a new pen. 母親給了我一支新鋼筆。提示： 常用的能接雙賓語的及物動詞有： give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget

4、, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tellb 主要用作不及物的動詞。 不及物動詞后面不跟賓語。 只能用與：" 主謂 " 結(jié)構(gòu)。不及物動詞不需要跟賓語，本身意義完整。 例：She came last week. 她上周來的。It is raining hard. 正下著大雨。Class began at half past seven. 7 點(diǎn)半開始上課。What happened yesterday 昨天發(fā)生了什么事This is the room wh

5、ere i once lived.類似的還有： agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed appear get feel, keep make prove remain restrise seem stand stay turn tu rn out, wait, cry, smile, laugh, stop, rain, snow既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞，其意義不變。 如 begin 都是作"開始

6、"講。Everybody, our game begins. let us begin our game.She can dance and sing|M能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及 物動詞。）She can sing many English song她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（ sing用作及物動詞。）The child is playing. 這小孩在玩。（不及物用法）The child is playing the piano. 這小孩在彈鋼琴。（及物用法）He is writing. 他在寫字。（不及物用法）He is writing a letter. 他在寫信。（

7、及物用法）The boy is reading. 這男孩在閱讀。（不及物用法）The boy is reading a magazine. 這男孩在看雜志。（及物用法）類似的有： start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn,prepare, pay, hurt, improve d 既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞， 其意義完全不同。這類動詞作不及物動詞是一個(gè)意義； 而作及物動詞時(shí)卻是另一個(gè)意義。 如 lift 作不及物動詞時(shí)是指煙霧的 "消散 " 。We saw the mountain when

8、 the clouds lifted.lift 作及物動詞時(shí)是"升高；舉起" 。He lifted his glass and drank.類似的還有：beat vi.跳動vt.敲、打；grow vi. 生長 vt. 種植play vi.玩耍vt.打（牌、球），演奏smell vi.發(fā)出（氣味）vt.嗅ring vi.（電話、鈴）響vt.打電話speak vi.講話 vt.說（語言）hang vi. 懸掛 vt. 絞死 operate vi. 動手術(shù) vt. 操作20 個(gè)常見的不及物動詞短語down （stop functioning 壞了，不好使了 ）That old j

9、eep had a tendency to break down just when i needed it the most.on （become popular 出名 ）Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and then spread eastward.3. come back （ return to a place 返回 ）Father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place.4. come in （ enter 進(jìn)入 ）They tri

10、ed to come in through the back door, but it was locked.to （ regain consciousness恢復(fù)意識）He was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come to again.over （to visit 訪問 ）The children promised to come over, but they never do.by （visit without appointment 順便拜訪 ） we used to just

11、drop by, but they were never home, so we stopped doing that.out （dine in a restaurant 外出吃飯 ）When we visited Paris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.9. get by （ survive 湊合，過得去）Uncle Heine didn't have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives.up （ a

12、rise 起床 ）Grandmother tried to get up, but the couch was too low, and she couldn't make it on her own.11. go back （ return to a place 回到 ）It's hard to imagine that we will never go back to our homeland.on （ continue 繼續(xù) ）He would finish one dickens novel and then just go on to the next.13. go

13、on （2） （ happen 發(fā)生 ）The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on.14. grow up （ get older 變老 ）Charles grew up to be a lot like his father.away （ remain at a distance 保持距離 ）The judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victim's home.16. keep on （+動名稱） （ continue with the

14、same 繼續(xù)保持 ）He tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined.17. pass out （lose consciousness, faint昏過去，暈 ）He had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar.18. show off （ demonstrate haughtily 炫耀 ）Whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off.19. show up（ arrive 到達(dá)，出現(xiàn)）It was ten o'clock when he finally showed up.20. wake up （arouse from sleep 醒來 ）I woke up when the rooster cr