表語(yǔ)從句講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、表語(yǔ)從句講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)概念：表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句。放在系動(dòng)詞之后 ,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ)從句”可以接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。 The trouble is that we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。 That is why stone walls are used instead of fences aroundNew England fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。 At that time, it seemed as if I couldn'

2、t think of the rightword anyhow.當(dāng)時(shí) ,我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?lái)。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞：從屬連詞 that 、whether 、as though 、 as if （That 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在口語(yǔ)中，間或可以省略。 ）關(guān)系代詞 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever,whomever, whichever等；關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 由從屬連詞 that ，whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。that 在引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從

3、句時(shí)無(wú)詞義， 而 whether有詞義，意為、“是否”。這時(shí)主句的主語(yǔ)常常是些抽象名詞，如question( 問(wèn)題 )，trouble( 麻煩)，problem( 問(wèn)題 )，result( 結(jié)果 )，chance( 可能性 )，suggestion( 建議)，idea( 想法 )，reason( 理由 )等。表語(yǔ)從句對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明、解釋，使主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容具體化。例如： The trouble is (that) she has lost his money.麻煩的事是他丟了錢。The question is whether we need more ice cream.問(wèn)題是我們是否還需要一些

4、冰淇淋。 The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. 問(wèn)題是它作為日常之用太貴重了。 What she couldn t understand was that fewer and fewerstudents showed interest in her lessons.我們不能理解越來(lái)越少的學(xué)生對(duì)他的課不感興趣。 由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系代詞 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever,whomever,whichever等引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表

5、語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。例如：The question is which of us should go.問(wèn)題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。The problem was who could do the work.問(wèn)題是誰(shuí)能做這項(xiàng)工作。That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在擔(dān)心的事。 That's what we should do. 那是我們應(yīng)該做的。由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系副詞when, where, how, why除在句子起連接作用外， 在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式或原因狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。例如：Go and get your coa

6、t. It'swhere you left it.去把雨衣拿來(lái)。就在你原來(lái)放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thatswhy Igot wet through.我們既沒(méi)傘也沒(méi)雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。That is what he is worried about.那就是他所擔(dān)心的。 由連詞 because ，as if/as though等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。It looked as i

7、f it was going to snow.看起來(lái)好像要下雪了。That's because we never thought of it.這是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^(guò)此事。 It seems as if he didn t know the answer. 好像他不知道答案。注意A. 表語(yǔ)從句一定要用陳述語(yǔ)序。False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B. 不可以用 if ，而用 whether連接表語(yǔ)從句 (as

8、 if例外）。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以互換if/whether位于介詞后要用whether位于句首時(shí)要用whether 。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要用 whether 。 False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us. Right: The question is whether the enemy is marchingtowards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C.不像賓語(yǔ)從句， 在有表語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句時(shí)態(tài)和從句時(shí)態(tài)可以

9、不一致。Right:The questionis whowill travelwithme toBeijingtomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D. that 在表語(yǔ)從句中不可以省掉?；居梅ū碚Z(yǔ)從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動(dòng)詞只能是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞。名詞性從句在 be 等系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)時(shí)被稱為表語(yǔ)從句例如：The problem is how we can get the things we need.問(wèn)題是我們?cè)鯓幽芘轿覀冃枰臇|西。(how在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ) ) The scissors are not wha

10、t I need. 這把剪刀不是我所需要的。 (what 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ) ) What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。(what在主語(yǔ)從句中作直接賓語(yǔ)， that 作為表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，不能省略 )That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要對(duì)你講的。(what在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ))That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ))表語(yǔ)測(cè)

11、試1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. thatB. ifC. whenwhetherD.2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless. A. because B. that C. for because ofD.3. Go and get your coat. It A. where B. there s _you left itC. there whereD. wherethere4The problem is _to take the place

12、of TedA. who can we getB. what we can getC. who we can getD. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD.不填6. The reason is_ I missed the bus.A. thatB. whenC. whyD.what7. That is_ _ we were late last time.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what8. She looked _

13、 she were ten years younger.A. thatB. likeC. asD. as though9. I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. because10. The reason why he hasnt come is _.A. becausehismotherisillB. because ofhismother s being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill11. He was

14、born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD.how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. whatB. whereC. thatD.why13 _your father wants to know is_ getting on withyour studies.A. What; how are youB. That how you areC. How that you areD. What how you are14. The trouble is_ we are sh

15、ort of tools.A. whatB. thatC. howD.why that15. America was_was firstcalled “ India ”byColumbus.A. whatB. whereC. the placeD. there where16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .A. whatit used to beB. whatit was used tobeingC. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be17. _h

16、e really means is _he disagrees with us.A. WhatthatB. ThatwhatC. WhatwhatD. Thatwhat18. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such19 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that_ you had a few days off？A. whyB .whatC. when20 .Ihadneithera raincoatnoran umbrellaD. where_I gotwetthrough.A. It s the reasonB. That s whyC. There s whyD. It s how21. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what22. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh, thats _.A