2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)外研版特殊句式

1、I考什么 a 學(xué)什么明箱方向備苦曙時育敕命題點強調(diào)句與省略句全析考法單句語法填空1. （2018天津高考改編）lt was only when the car pulled up in front of our house_we saw Lily in the passenger seat.解析：that句意：直到汽車停在了我們的房子前面的時候，我們才看到莉莉坐在乘客 座上。此處是強調(diào)句型“It is（was）+被強調(diào)部分+that+其余部分”，本句強調(diào)的是時間狀語從句。2. （2017天津高考改編）It was when I got back to my apartment_I first

2、cameacross my new neighbors.解析：that句意：正是當(dāng)我回到公寓的時候，我第一次偶然遇見了我的新鄰居們。此 處為強調(diào)句型its .that .，被強調(diào)的是句中的時間狀語從句。3. （2016天津高考改編）You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel_ thecoach picks up tourists.解析：that句意：你等錯地方了。長途客車是在賓館接游客。去掉it is和空格處后是一個完整的句子，因此本句是一個強調(diào)句，填that。謹記規(guī)則1.強調(diào)句型（1）強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was+被強調(diào)的

3、部分+that/ who+句子其他部分。該句型 可對句子的主語、表語、賓語、狀語等進行強調(diào)。當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分是人，且作主語時，可用who或that，其他情況下一律用that。It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents andchildren can be settled.只有通過傾聽和相互理解，父母和孩子之間的問題才可能被解決。特別注意強調(diào)主語時，要注意連接詞和謂語的一致性。It is our teacher who/that helps us make great pr

4、ogress.第六講特殊句式Do you think it will rain？你認為會下雨嗎？正是我們的老師幫助我們?nèi)〉昧撕艽蟮倪M步。(2)強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Is/Was+it+被強調(diào)的部分+that/ who+句子其他部分？Was it in thepark that he met our new teacher?他是在公園里遇到我們的新老師的嗎？(3)強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分？When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他是什么時候決定選修這門課程的？特別

5、注意由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語從句時，從句必須使用陳述語序。She doesnt know who it was that saved her son.她不知道是誰救了她的兒子。(4) not . until的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was not until .+that+ 句子其他部分。It was not until then that I realized the importance of health.直到那時我才意識到了健康 的重要性。2強調(diào)謂語動詞It is /was .who/ that .結(jié)構(gòu)不能強調(diào)謂語動詞?？捎弥鷦釉~do, does或did來強調(diào)謂語動詞，用于

6、一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的肯定的陳述句中，do還可以用于祈使句。She did tell me her address, but I forgot all about it.她確實告訴過我她的地址，但我全忘了。3狀語從句中的省略在as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，若謂 語部分含be動詞，而主語又與主句的主語一致或從句主語是it時，狀語從句中的主語和謂語中的be動詞可以一起省略。All the photographs in this book, unless (the photographs

7、are) stated otherwise, date fromthe 1950s.這本書里所有的照片，除非有說明，否則，都追溯到20世紀50年代。4動詞不定式的省略在主動語態(tài)中，感官動詞或使役動詞后接不定式作補足語時，往往將不定式符號to省略；在同一句話或同一情景對話中，當(dāng)同一動作再次出現(xiàn)在后面的不定式位置上時，通常省略該 動作而保留不定式符號to。The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to.那名司機想把車?？吭诼愤?，但是警察不允許他這樣做。5.so/not構(gòu)成替

8、代省略英語中還常常用sc/not等來代替省略的肯定內(nèi)容或否定內(nèi)容，so/not多跟在Im afraid,I hope, I think, I guess, I believe等開頭的答句中。I hope so/not.-我希望下/不下。6.常用的if相關(guān)的省略結(jié)構(gòu)if everif busyif anythingif possibleif soif notif necessary全析考法單句語法填空/單句改錯1.（2018北京高考改編）In any unsafe situation, simply_ （press） the button and ahighly-trained agent wi

9、ll get you the help you need.解析：press句意：在任何不安全的情況下，只要按一下這個按鈕，一個訓(xùn)練有素的代理人就會給你所需要的幫助。此題為“祈使句+and+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用動詞原形。2.（2017江蘇高考改編）_ （be） it not for the support of the teachers, the studentcould not overcome her difficulty.解析：Were句意：如果沒有老師的支持，這名學(xué)生不可能克服她的困難。該句是省略if的虛擬條件句，if省略后需要將were提前構(gòu)成倒裝。3.（2016江蘇高考改編）Not

10、until recently_ （do）they encourage the developmentof tourist-related activities in the rural areas.解析：did句意：直到最近他們才鼓勵在農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展與旅游相關(guān)的項目。not until放在句首時句子要使用部分倒裝，此處指過去所發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)使用一般過去時。4.（2017全國卷I）The instructor kept repeating the words.“Speed up!”“Slowdown!”“Turning left!” _解析：Turning Turn最后一句為祈使句，并和上文中的

11、“Speed up! ”和“Slowdown! ”并列，故改為動詞原形Turn。謹記規(guī)則（一）倒裝1.部分倒裝（1）含有否定意義的副詞或連詞置于句首時引起部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這類詞（組）有：never,seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely . when ，nosooner . than ., not only . but also ., not until, nowhere, neither . nor .等。Not until I lost my如果曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過的話如果忙的話如

12、果有什么不同如果可能的話如果這樣的話如果不的話如果必要的話命題倒裝與其他特殊句式j(luò)ob did I realize I should improve my working skills.直到我失去工作我才意識到我應(yīng)該提高工作技能了。(2)“only+狀語”置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.只有當(dāng)你的心態(tài)平和時，你才能與別人保持良好的關(guān)系。(3) so/such . that .結(jié)構(gòu)中的so, such連同它所修飾的成分共同位

13、于句首表示強調(diào)時， 主句要用部分倒裝。Such great progress did hemake that he was praised.他取得了如此大的進步以至于受到了表揚。(4)表示前面所說的情況也適用于后者時，用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“sc/neither/ nor+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞主語”(so表示肯定意義，neither/nor表示否定意義)。I saw the film Harry Potter last week; so did she.上周我看了哈利波特這部電影，她也看了。(5)在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句的表語/狀語/動詞原形要位于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果位于句首

14、的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。Strange as it may sound, if youre unsatisfied, the issue is not a lack of means to meet yourdesires but a lack of desires.盡管這聽起來很奇怪，但是如果你不滿意，問題不是缺少滿足你的愿望的方法，而是你 根本就沒有愿望。在非真實條件句中，條件句中的if省略時，助動詞had, were, should要提到主語前面。Should it rain tomorrow, I would have to stay at home如果明天下雨，我不得不待在家

15、里。(7) may+動詞原形”表示祝愿時，通常將may置于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝語序。May you succeed祝你成功。2全部倒裝(1) here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room等表示地點、 時間或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首，且主語為名詞時，句子用全部倒裝。John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before約翰打開門，一個他從 來沒見過的女孩站在那兒。South of the river lies a small

16、 factory.河的南面有一個小工廠。(2)有時為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)或突出、強調(diào)，將作表語的介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到 句首，構(gòu)成“表語系動詞主語”的完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests.出席晚會的有格林先生，還有許多其他的賓客。（二）感嘆句1What （a/an）形容詞名詞主語謂語！What beautiful flowers they are!多么美麗的花??！2.How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！How clever a boy he is!=What a clever boy h

17、e is!多聰明的男孩呀！3.How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！How high the mountain is!這山真高呀?。ㄈ┢硎咕淦硎咕浔硎菊埱?、命令、 叮囑、邀請、勸告等。一般不出現(xiàn)主語，謂語動詞一律用原形； 否定詞一律在動詞前加dont。祈使句的強調(diào)形式是在句首加do。Do be careful while you are crossing the street.過馬路時一定要小心。Dont get close to that river不要靠近那條河。（四）反意疑問句 反意疑問句由“陳述句+反問句”構(gòu)成，若陳述句為肯定式，反意疑問句為否定式，反 之亦然。1.陳述部分含有must的

18、反意疑問句當(dāng)must作必須”講時，其反意疑問詞用neednt;當(dāng)為mustnt （不允許，禁止）時，其反意疑問詞用must。You must go now, neednt you?你現(xiàn)在必須走，不是嗎？You mustnt smoke here, must you?你不能在這里吸煙，是吧？（2）當(dāng)must表示推測，作“一定，準(zhǔn)是”講時，反意疑問部分的動詞形式要根據(jù)must后面的動詞所表示的時間來確定。You must have watched the football match last night, didnt you？你昨晚一定是看足球 比賽了，是吧？2.陳述部分含有used to時，疑

19、問詞用usednt或didnt均可。You used to play football, usednt/didnt you?你過去常常踢足球，是嗎？3.陳述部分含有ought to時，疑問詞用oughtnt或shouldnt均可。He ought to attend the meeting, oughtnt/shouldnt he ?他應(yīng)該參加會議，不是嗎？4陳述部分含有否定詞的反意疑問句(1)當(dāng)陳述部分含有seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定詞 或半否定詞時，疑問部分動詞用肯定式。He could h

20、ardly get up, could he?他幾乎起不來了，不是嗎？(2)陳述部分含有由表示否定意義的前綴或后綴構(gòu)成的詞， 反意疑問部分的動詞一般用否 定式。Mary dislikes sports, doesnt she?瑪麗不喜歡體育運動，不是嗎？(3)陳述部分含有賓語從句時，反意疑問部分的主語應(yīng)和主句的主語保持一致。He said that she would come here on time, didnt he?他說她會準(zhǔn)時來這里，不是嗎？特別注意當(dāng)主句是I think /believe/ suppose等結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問部分往往根據(jù)賓語從 句的主語和謂語而定，需特別注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移的

21、現(xiàn)象中的肯定式和否定式。I dont think he will attend the meeting on time, will he?我認為他不會準(zhǔn)時參加會議，是嗎？(五五) there be結(jié)構(gòu)1there be句型中的be可以有不同的時態(tài)，可以和助動詞或情態(tài)動詞連用。There have been many great changes in our country since then .自從那時起我們國家就發(fā) 生了巨大的變化。There must be a mistake somewhere.某個地方一定出錯了。2. there be句型中的be有時可用seem to be, app

22、ear to be, happen to be, used to be, have tobe, remain, live, stand, lie, exist等替換。There seems to be an announcement about the project.關(guān)于這個項目似乎有一個通知。There happened to be a man walking by.碰巧有一個人路過。3there be結(jié)構(gòu)的常用句式There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事沒有意義。There is no doubt about ./that .毫無疑問.Ther

23、e is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人) )沒有必要做某事。There is (no) difficulty /trouble in doing sth./ with sth.(做)某事(沒)有困難/麻煩。There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that .(做)某事( (沒)有可能性。This doesnt mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt thatthe way we use memory is

24、changing.這并不意味著我們正變得比以前更聰明或是不如以 前聰明，但是毫無疑問，我們使用記憶力的方式正在發(fā)生變化。怎么考J怎么解一 握桂套踏”一解題有桎可尋語法填空解題 “2步驟”1.注意分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)，確定為何種特殊句式。2.根據(jù)特殊句式的結(jié)構(gòu)特點填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。(1)看到倒裝句，要注意其謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)；(2)看到there be句型要注意主謂一致和時態(tài)。1. The parents didnt tolerate their kids rudeness at the party, nor did they allowthemselves to be disobeyed.2. Absur

25、d as/though it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure storyin Africa.3. On the top of the hill stands (stand) a temple where the old man once lived.4. But the fighting scenes alone dont explain the movies success its also the patriotism(愛國主義)and spirit of the film projects that ha

26、ve deeply impressed Chinese audiences.5. The police were seeking more information to find out who it was that killed the richmerchant.6.Who should be responsible for the action?The boss is to blame. The employees just carried out the order as told (tell).7. When exposed (expose) to danger and confli

27、ct, men tend to increase blood pressure,feeling nervous or anxious.8. We dont believe that the news is true, is (be) it?短文改錯解題 “1關(guān)注”“1關(guān)注”就是指關(guān)注各特殊句式的特點：(1)強調(diào)句型由“It is/was . that/who構(gòu)成，刪掉后不影響句子的完整；(2)倒裝句分部分倒裝和完全倒裝；(3)省略句?？紶钫Z從句與不定式中的省略；(4)感嘆句需注意其兩個感嘆詞“how與 “what；(5) there be句型中應(yīng)重點關(guān)注主謂一致性。1. I try not t

28、o show the passers-by what scared I really am, but its not possible. whatThow2. How a wonderful time Ill have during the winter holiday!HowTWhat3.It is ones inner beauty matters.beauty后力口that4.Only then I start to appreciate the importance of developing a good habit前力口did5.When we heard the exciting

29、 news, there was silence all over the hall at first. Then comevoices of e came6.Hard although he tried, he was unable to make much progress.although though/as7.Stopping criticizing your children like this, or they will refuse to tell you their truefeelings.Stopping Stop8.So loudly he speak that even

30、 people in the next room could hear him. loudly后力口did9.I received his mothers telephone call at elevent was then when I knew that he was badlyhurt in a traffic accident yesterday.when that10.Such knowledge is still useful when applying to similar situations in othercountries.applying applied語篇綜合檢測I.

31、語法填空Chengdu is largely considered as a city of leisure. It was the slow- paced lifestyle _1_ putthe city on the list of the 21 must- go travel spots of 2017 in the travel magazine NationalGeographic.One of the greatest pleasures in Chengdu is _2_ (it) food, which is famous _3_theuse of Sichuan peppe

32、rcorn. Nothing is more important to Chengdu people than food. They enjoy_4_ (search) out small restaurants in out-of-the-way 5 (place) that may just specialize in acouple of dishes. Chengdu has the _6_ (high) density of restaurants in the world. No wonder it_7_ (become) the fast Asian city named as

33、a City of Gastronomy (美食) by UNESCO in 2010.Another important part of local daily life is the citys teahouse. The teahouses, 8 (find) allover Chengdu, are much more than just a place to drink tea. They are places to do business,meet with friends, show off pet birds, listen to Sichuan Opera, and most 9 (important), playmahjong. As a local saying goes,If you cannot find someone, he or she iseither playing mahjong _10_ on the way to play mahjong.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個休閑城市一一成都，其生活節(jié)奏比較緩慢，有許多地方特色美食以及遍布全城的各式茶館。1.that考查強調(diào)句型。所填詞與句首的It was構(gòu)成Is/was . that .的強調(diào)句，強調(diào)的 是主