高考英語(yǔ) Unit9單元單詞短語(yǔ)句型知識(shí)梳理 大綱人教版第二冊(cè)

1、Unit 9-Unit 10提綱挈領(lǐng)單元考查重點(diǎn)及熱點(diǎn)Unit 9單詞coal content summarise South Africa killer violence stress responsibility poverty equality fairness cooperation willingness wipe per defend incorrect affect advise短語(yǔ)take part in take action air conditioner put an end to advise sb. (not) to do sth.句型1.be to do結(jié)構(gòu)2.On

2、ly+狀語(yǔ)+倒裝句Unit 10單詞frightening terrify bury ash mud rise dirt sight courage flee arrival bath pillow daylight immediately fresh web inch board steamship unbelievable ton uncomfortable aloud reading短語(yǔ)on end draw ones attention(to) at hand calm(sb.) down on board knock about all of a sudden live throug

3、h as though(=as if)句型1.upon/on+n./doing2.whether to doUnit 9理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋單詞1.advise講:vt.vi.忠告，勸告，建議，通知，商量主要結(jié)構(gòu):advise sth.；advise doing sth.；advise sb.to do sth；advise+that clause；advise sb.against doing sth；advise sb.on sth；advise sb.+疑問詞+不定式；advise sb. of sth.例：There is no one to advise me.無(wú)人能給我忠告。I advi

4、se waiting until tomorrow.我建議等到明天。I advise you to start at once.我勸你立刻出發(fā)。They were advised not to go abroad.他們被奉勸不要出國(guó)。strongly advise you against going abroad.我力勸你不要出國(guó)。He advises us on economic affairs.他給我們提供有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)事務(wù)的建議。He could not advise me what to do next.他無(wú)法教我接下來(lái)該做什么。Can you advise me whether I sho

5、uld go abroad?你能不能指點(diǎn)我該不該出國(guó)？I advised him that he(should)go at once.我勸他應(yīng)該馬上去。The doctor advised a complete rest.醫(yī)生建議充分休息。Please advise us of the date.請(qǐng)將日期通知我們。We were advised of the risk.有人告知我們那項(xiàng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。We were advised that they could not accept our offer.我們獲得通知，說(shuō)他們不能接受我們的提議。You had better advise with him

6、 on the situation.你最好就當(dāng)前形勢(shì)請(qǐng)教他。鏈接提示 (1)advise作“通知”講后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣；作“建議”講后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。（2）比較advise和persuade（說(shuō)服）。練：We trust you;only you can_ him to give up smoking.A.suggest B.attractC.advise D.persuade提示:本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)第一句話所提供的語(yǔ)境分析，此處應(yīng)該使用persuade，表示“說(shuō)服”。答案:D2.content講：n.內(nèi)容；目錄；滿意adj. 滿足的；滿意的vt 使?jié)M意（=satisfy

7、）短語(yǔ):be content to do sth.=be ready to do sth.愿意做某事be content with sth.=be pleased/satisfied with對(duì)滿意例：I always read the contents of a book first of all.我總是先看書的目錄。Hes not content with his present job.他對(duì)目前的工作并不滿意。He is content just to sit in front of the TV set all day.他只要整天坐在電視機(jī)前就心滿意足了。We had the chan

8、ce to play golf to our hearts content.我們有了盡情打高爾夫球的機(jī)會(huì)。It is impossible to content everybody.使人人都滿意是不可能的。鏈接提示 注意content用作形容詞時(shí)，意思不同所跟的搭配也不同。練：After so many performances,he had managed to learn the_of the letter by heart.A.pages B.joke C.news D.contents提示:content意為“內(nèi)容”，page“頁(yè)碼”，joke“笑話”，news“新聞”。本句話表示“他

9、已經(jīng)想法熟記了信的內(nèi)容”，故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D3.affect講：vt.影響；感動(dòng)；侵襲；假裝例：Some plants are quickly affected by cold.有些植物對(duì)寒冷很敏感。The rise in the price of bread will affect us all.面包售價(jià)上漲，我們大家都會(huì)受影響。He was much affected by the sad news.這個(gè)凄慘的消息使他十分難過(guò)。She affects an American accent.她裝出美國(guó)腔調(diào)。He affected not to hear me.他假裝沒聽見我。鏈接提示 eff

10、ect n. 結(jié)果；效果；影響；作用。構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)have an effect on.“對(duì)有影響（作用）”；come into effect實(shí)行，實(shí)施；bring/put sth. into effect使某物開始使用；in effect事實(shí)上；take effect生效；effective adj. 有效的練：（2010甘肅蘭州診斷考試）It is reported that the general public wont be_by the H5N1 bird flu disease if they_ sick or dead poultry.A.infected;keep away from

11、 B.affected;keep offC.spread;run away from D.transmitted;take out of提示:本題考查動(dòng)詞用法。由句意“大眾只要不接觸病死的禽鳥就不會(huì)感染禽流感”可知選A。infect感染。答案：A4.stress講：vt. 著重；強(qiáng)調(diào)n.壓力；緊張；強(qiáng)調(diào)短語(yǔ):put/lay stress on.重視例：He stressed the importance of cooperation.他強(qiáng)調(diào)合作的重要性。The speaker stressed the need for better education.演講人強(qiáng)調(diào)獲取更好教育的必要性。She

12、stressed that she wasnt going to help.她強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)她不會(huì)幫忙。He is under great stress because of his new job.新工作使他感到沉重的壓力。He is suffering from fever caused by stress.他因緊張而發(fā)燒。Some schools lay/put stress on foreign language education.有些學(xué)校重視外語(yǔ)教育。練：In recent years much more stress has been put_eveloping the students

13、 productive skills.A.over B.into C.with D.on提示:put stress on是固定搭配，意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)”。答案:D短語(yǔ)1.take action講：該短語(yǔ)的意思為“采取行動(dòng)”，注意名詞action前面沒有冠詞。例：I felt that it was time for me to take action.我感覺是我采取行動(dòng)的時(shí)候了。I didnt take immediate action.我沒有立即采取行動(dòng)。The government took no action to stop the pollution.政府沒有采取措施來(lái)制止污染。What ac

14、tion are you going to take?你要采取什么樣的措施？鏈接提示 同義詞為take measures。比較: take a persons measure給某人量體。練：He demanded that quick action should be_ before things got even worse.A.made B.held C.taken D.carried提示:根據(jù)固定短語(yǔ)take action“采取行動(dòng)”得出答案。答案:C2.put an end to 講：該短語(yǔ)為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)，表示“結(jié)束；制止”。例：Lets put an end to t

15、his quarrel.我們結(jié)束這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)吵吧。We should put an end to the war.我們應(yīng)該結(jié)束這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。We must put an end to this foolish behaviour.我們必須制止這種愚蠢的行為。鏈接提示 比較：bring.to an end使結(jié)束；come to an end完畢；結(jié)束。 He brought his lecture to an end around ten oclock. 他在10點(diǎn)左右結(jié)束了他的演講。 The meeting came to an end early. 會(huì)議很早就結(jié)束了。練：The government

16、declared that it would_ an end to some unfair policies the next month.A.make B.bring C.take D.put提示:根據(jù)固定搭配put an end to “結(jié)束；終結(jié)”得出答案。答案:D句型1.be to do結(jié)構(gòu)講：請(qǐng)觀察下面課文原句：If we are to develop the world successfully,we must make sure that everyone is able to take part in the new world we create.如果我們要成功地開發(fā)世界，就

17、必須確保人人都能夠參與我們創(chuàng)造的新世界。be to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)為動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)的特定用法，注意下列例句中該結(jié)構(gòu)所表達(dá)的不同意思。例：We are to meet at the school gate.我們約好在校門口碰頭。The prize is to honour him for his great discovery.獎(jiǎng)品是為了表彰他的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。He traveled to many mountain villages and saw many poor children out of school.This experience was to change his life.他

18、走了許多山村，看到了很多貧苦孩子失學(xué)。這一段經(jīng)歷后來(lái)改變了他的一生。鏈接提示 be to do結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示：（1）預(yù)定 He is to return from Germany tomorrow. （2）（表義務(wù)）應(yīng)該做、必須做 You are to be back by 9 oclock. （3）（表可能）會(huì)做 （4）（表命運(yùn)）注定練：At that time few people would accept Einsteins ideas,which_correct many years later.A.were to prove B.were provedC.would have prov

19、ed D.were going to prove提示:be to do在此表示“注定”。答案:A2.Only+狀語(yǔ)+倒裝句講：請(qǐng)觀察下面教材原句：Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.只有通過(guò)改變生活方式我們才能拯救地球。當(dāng)only引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，句子使用主謂語(yǔ)倒裝的詞序。Suspense in news is torture.難辨消息的真假，對(duì)人是一種折磨。例：Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.只有努力工作你才有加薪的可能。Only in thi

20、s way can you learn maths well.只有用這種方法你才能學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)。鏈接提示 注意只用only引導(dǎo)的成分作狀語(yǔ)且位于句首時(shí)才能倒裝。練：Mary had to wok at evenings and weekends.Only in this way_able to complete the report by the deadline.A.was she B.she wasC.had she been D.she had been提示:Only in this way 作狀語(yǔ)且位于句首，使用倒裝，故首先排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上下文應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案:A辨析1.as t

21、hough，even though，though (1)as though=as if“好像；似乎”，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句。as though比as if較正式，描述非現(xiàn)實(shí)情況時(shí)，as if/as though 從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；在口語(yǔ)中，主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而且有內(nèi)容可清楚辨別是表達(dá)現(xiàn)實(shí)的意思時(shí)，在as if 后的從句有時(shí)也可以用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。此外，若使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，這是表達(dá)實(shí)際的事實(shí)關(guān)系；as if/as though 從句里的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)可省略。(2)even though=even if “即使；縱使”，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。even if 的從句有強(qiáng)烈的假設(shè)性，而even though

22、 則多以此從句內(nèi)容為前提。Even though he is poor,she loves him.=He is poor,yet she loves him.盡管他很貧窮，但她還是愛他。(3)though“雖然”，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。even though 有退一步設(shè)想的意味，與though不同。though 引導(dǎo)的句子所說(shuō)的是事實(shí)，even though 引導(dǎo)的句子所說(shuō)的則不一定是事實(shí)。另外，though 還可用于倒裝句，這時(shí)作表語(yǔ)的名詞或形容詞要提前。注意:though不能和but 連用。即時(shí)練習(xí):(1)She always talks to me _she were my siste

23、r.(2)He walked slowly_ he had hurt his leg.(3)It looks_ we will be late.(4) _ I have to sell my house,I will keep my business going.(5)He will not tell me the secret_ he knows it.答案:(1)as if/as though (2)as if/as though(3)as if/as though (4)Even if/Even though(5)even if/even though/though2.defend，guard，protect這三個(gè)詞都有“保護(hù)”之意，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)不同。defend指用武力或其他措施保護(hù)某人/物在面臨危險(xiǎn)時(shí)不受損害。protect指利用各種安全防御措施,盡力照顧某人/物,以使其不受損害。guard指留心守望，警戒，防止可能受攻擊或侵害。It is the duty of every Chinese citizen to defend his motherland.對(duì)中國(guó)每個(gè)公民來(lái)說(shuō)，保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)是他們的義務(wù)。Cl