殘留聚丙烯酰胺質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)聚驅(qū)污水絮凝處理的影響-

1、大慶石油學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)收稿日期:2006-09-26;審稿人:荊國(guó)林;編輯:陸雅玲基金項(xiàng)目:黑龍江省教育廳科學(xué)技術(shù)研究項(xiàng)目(11513010作者簡(jiǎn)介:趙曉非(1966-,男,副教授,主要從事催化劑及油田化學(xué)方面的研究.殘留聚丙烯酰胺質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)聚驅(qū)污水絮凝處理的影響趙曉非1,劉立新1,王玉嬋1,苑丹丹2,蘇樂(lè)3(1.大慶石油學(xué)院化學(xué)化工學(xué)院,黑龍江大慶163318;2.大慶油田有限責(zé)任公司第四采油廠,黑龍江大慶163511;3.中國(guó)海洋油田服務(wù)有限公司塘沽基地油田化學(xué)事業(yè)部,天津300452摘要:采用模擬的含部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM 和一定礦化度的聚合物驅(qū)采出污水,以及無(wú)機(jī)絮凝劑聚合氯化鋁(PAC

2、 和有機(jī)絮凝劑陽(yáng)離子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM ,研究了殘留HPAM 質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)污水絮凝處理的影響.結(jié)果表明:在溫度、PAC 質(zhì)量濃度相同的情況下,隨著殘留HPAM 質(zhì)量濃度增加,PAC 和CPAM 的處理效果顯著下降;隨著處理溫度的升高,PAC 的處理效果明顯變好.通過(guò)與油田實(shí)際的聚驅(qū)采出污水處理比較,證實(shí)所采用的模擬聚驅(qū)污水具有參考價(jià)值.關(guān)鍵詞:油田污水;聚合物;絮凝;聚合氯化鋁中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):X703文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1000-1891(200703-0065-03聚合物驅(qū)油技術(shù)普遍應(yīng)用于油田開(kāi)采后期,驅(qū)油劑多為聚丙烯酰胺(H PAM .HPAM 在采出液中殘留質(zhì)量濃度增大,會(huì)使采出液黏度

3、增加,油水分離速度減慢,污水處理能力下降;加之O/W 型乳狀液的形成,致使處理后的污水含油量超標(biāo),殘留的HPAM 與陽(yáng)離子型絮凝劑和混凝劑共存時(shí)影響絮凝沉降效果,導(dǎo)致污水含油量和懸浮物含量嚴(yán)重超標(biāo).可見(jiàn),聚合物的存在已嚴(yán)重影響了原油脫水和含油污水處理效果1-3.目前大慶、勝利等主力油田均采用聚合物驅(qū)油技術(shù)4,5,如何處理含有殘留聚合物的油田污水已成為急需解決的問(wèn)題.文中采用常規(guī)絮凝劑研究殘留H PAM 質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)絮凝效果的影響.1實(shí)驗(yàn)1.1試劑及儀器絮凝劑:陽(yáng)離子H PAM ,相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量為800×104,陽(yáng)離子度為30%;聚合氯化鋁(PAC ,山東魯岳化工有限責(zé)任公司生產(chǎn),鹽基度B

4、 為5565.儀器:791型磁力加熱攪拌器;H H -S 型水浴鍋;722型光柵分光光度計(jì).1.2模擬污水配制配制模擬聚合物驅(qū)油田采出污水時(shí),首先配制具有一定礦化度的水,其成分見(jiàn)表1.然后向礦化度水中加入不同質(zhì)量濃度的黏均相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量為800×104的HPAM ,攪拌成均勻溶液.稱(chēng)取一定量的原油,用少量石油醚溶解,加入到已配好的具有一定含量的礦化度和聚合物水中.以1000r/min 的轉(zhuǎn)速乳化20min ,靜置分層,將上層析出的油移出,穩(wěn)定45h ,得到模擬聚驅(qū)采出污水,使用時(shí)間不超過(guò)3d.表1礦化水的化學(xué)成分mg L -1(K +Na +3712.0561.3絮凝方法采用燒杯實(shí)驗(yàn)法

5、,在200mL 污水中加入絮凝劑,快速攪拌5min ,然后慢速攪拌5min ,恒溫靜置30min 后,取中部的水,用721型分光光度計(jì)在610nm 波長(zhǎng)下測(cè)其吸光度.1.4污水含油質(zhì)量濃度測(cè)定按石油天然氣行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)SY/T 0530-93測(cè)含油量,所配制的模擬污水含油質(zhì)量濃度為260mg/L.水質(zhì)指標(biāo)測(cè)定石油天然氣行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)S Y/T 5329-94碎屑巖油藏注水水質(zhì)推薦指標(biāo)及分析方法.2結(jié)果與討論2.1殘留HPAM 質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)絮凝效果的影響PAC 是目前普遍采用的無(wú)機(jī)絮凝劑,因此實(shí)驗(yàn)中采用PAC 等絮凝劑,考察不同溫度下模擬大慶油田聚驅(qū)污水中殘留H PAM 質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)絮凝劑處理效果的影響,結(jié)果見(jiàn)

6、圖13.由圖13可看出,殘留H PAM 質(zhì)量濃度低,絮凝效果比較明顯,污水處理后具有較高的透光率;殘留H PAM 質(zhì)量濃度增加,絮凝效果明顯變差,即使增大PAC 質(zhì)量濃度,也無(wú)法達(dá)到較好的處理效果.由此得出,殘留H PAM 的質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)絮凝劑的絮凝效果有影響,隨著殘留H PAM 質(zhì)量濃度的增加,用無(wú)機(jī)聚合物絮凝劑進(jìn)行污水處理越來(lái)越困難,很難達(dá)到較好的處理效果;隨著絮凝劑PAC 質(zhì)量濃度的增加,污水透光率出現(xiàn)最高值.將不同條件下使用PAC 時(shí)的最佳處理效果匯總在表2中.由表2可看出,隨著處理溫度的升高,處理效果明顯變好 .圖130時(shí)殘留(HPAM 對(duì)PAC 絮凝效果的影響圖340時(shí)殘留(HPAM

7、 對(duì)PAC 絮凝效果的影響圖233時(shí)殘留(HPAM 對(duì)PAC 絮凝效果的影響表2使用PAC 時(shí)最佳處理效果序號(hào)絮凝溫度/(HPAM /(mg L -1100400(PAC /(mg L -1最高透光率/%(PAC /(mg L -1最高透光率/%1廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但絮凝時(shí)產(chǎn)生的絮體輕,不夠穩(wěn)定,難以除去,給絮體分離帶來(lái)了困難.為此,在PAC 合成的過(guò)程中,加入某些離子或基團(tuán)使得絮凝時(shí)產(chǎn)生的絮體加重,可使其快速絮凝.殘留HPAM 質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)CPAM 絮凝效果的影響見(jiàn)圖4.由圖4可看出,當(dāng)使用CPAM 處理污水時(shí),聚合物殘留質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)其絮凝效果的影響很大.污水中殘留(H PAM 增加,絮凝效果顯著下降,

8、隨著CPAM 絮凝劑質(zhì)量濃度的增加,處理后污水的透光率先增加,在(CPAM 為150mg/L 時(shí)出現(xiàn)最大值,隨后下降.當(dāng)污水中殘留(HPAM 為400mg/L 時(shí),處理效果最好時(shí)透光率只有73.4%,可見(jiàn)CPAM 絮凝劑不適合單獨(dú)用于聚驅(qū)采出污水的處理.2.2模擬污水與油田污水處理的對(duì)比使用PAC 絮凝劑,將殘留(HPAM 為150mg L -1的油田污水,與模擬聚驅(qū)油田污水的處理效果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,見(jiàn)圖5.由圖5可看出,油田污水殘留(H PAM 為150mg L -1,處理后透光率與殘留(HPAM 為150mg L -1的模擬污水的透光率接近,用CPAM 絮凝劑也得到同樣的結(jié)論,這說(shuō)明文中采66大

9、慶石油學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)第31卷2007年用的模擬聚驅(qū)污水研究具有一定的參考價(jià)值 .圖430時(shí)殘留(HPAM 對(duì)CPAM 絮凝效果的影響圖5油田污水和模擬污水的絮凝對(duì)比3結(jié)論(1殘留聚合物的質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)絮凝劑的絮凝效果有很明顯的影響,殘留的聚合物質(zhì)量濃度小,絮凝效果比較明顯,污水處理后具有較高的透光率;殘留聚合物質(zhì)量濃度高,絮凝效果明顯變差,即使加大PAC 質(zhì)量濃度,也無(wú)法達(dá)到較好的處理效果.(2隨著處理溫度的增高,PAC 對(duì)污水的處理效果明顯變好.CPAM 絮凝劑不適合單獨(dú)用于油田污水處理.(3通過(guò)與油田實(shí)際的聚驅(qū)采出污水處理的比較,證明所采用的模擬污水具有參考價(jià)值.參考文獻(xiàn):1陳紹炳,李學(xué)軍,張樹(shù)平.

10、聚合物驅(qū)采出液游離水沉降脫除試驗(yàn)J .油氣田地面工程,1997,16(2:16-19.2馬自俊,史列軍.聚合物驅(qū)采出液分析與利用研究J .油田化學(xué),1997,14(3:243-247.3鄧述波,周撫生,余剛,等.油田采出水的特性及處理技術(shù)J .工業(yè)水處理,2000,20(7:10-12.4宋考平,楊釗,舒志華,等.聚合物驅(qū)剩余油微觀分布的影響因素J .大慶石油學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2004,28(2:25-27.5趙曉京,孫剛,佟卉.聚合物分子構(gòu)型及其對(duì)驅(qū)油效果的影響J .大慶石油學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2004,28(3:28-31.76第3期趙曉非等:殘留聚丙烯酰胺質(zhì)量濃度對(duì)聚驅(qū)污水絮凝處理的影響activity

11、was as much as D TAB ,but t he CMC is about 27times lower t han D TAB.K ey w ords :gemini surfactant ;surface tension ;critical micelle concent rationE ffect of polyacrylamide residue on treatment of produced w ater from polymer flooding reservoir in en 2hanced oil recovery /2007,31(3:65-67ZHAO Xiao

12、 2fei ,L IU Li 2xin ,WAN G Yu 2chan ,YUAN Dan 2dan ,SU Le(1.S chool of Chemist ry &Chemical Engi neeri n g ,D aqi n g Pet roleum I nstit ute ,D aqi ng ,Hei 2long j i ang 163318,Chi na;2.Oil Recovery Pl ant N o.3,D aqi ng Oil f iel d Cor p.L t d.,D aqi ng ,Hei 2long j i ang 163511,Chi na;3.Chemis

13、t ry De p artment of T ang g u Oil f iel d of Chi na Ocean Oil f iel d S ervice L t d.,Ti anj i n ,Hebei 300452,Chi na Abstract :The effect of polyacrylamide residue on t reat ment of waste water was investigated wit h simula 2ted water of polymer flooding reservoir in enhanced oil recovery and wit

14、h certain hardness wit h t he inor 2ganic flocculant of polymerization aluminum chloride and organic flocculant cationic polyacrylamide.The result s proved t hat t he t reat ment effect drop s remarkably wit h t he increase of polymer residue in waste water at he same temperat ure and t he same dosa

15、ge of polymerization aluminum chloride and cationic or 2ganic flocculant.The t reat ment effect imp roves for polymerization aluminum chloride at increased tem 2perat ure.Result s by comparing wit h act ual waste water f rom oil field proves t hat t he simulated wasted water has reference value.K ey

16、 w ords :oilfield wastewater ;polymer ;flocculayion ;effect ;polyacrylamidePreparation and property analysis of Tb(BTC(DMF(DMSO/rare earth metal organic carboxylate frame 2w orks /2007,31(3:68-70DEN G J un ,ZHAN G Hong 2sheng(D aqi ng I nstit ute of A p plied S cience &Technolog y ,D aqi ng ,Hei

17、long j i ang 163316,Chi na Abstract :Metal 2organic coordination f ramework materials have attracted much attention in recent years due to t heir inherent design flexibility and highly 2porous scaffolds ,which make t hem potentially usef ul in a number of applications such as gas storage ,optics ,ma

18、gnetics ,catalysis etc.Here ,we selected or 2ganic ligand B TC coordinated to rare 2eart h metal Tb to const ruct a novel rare 2eart h metal 2organic car 2boxylate f ramework Tb (B TC (DM F (DMSO .This compound could be potentially used for catalysis ,adsorption and fluorescence according to t he ch

19、aracterization of relative properties.K ey w ords :rare eart h element s ;ABW topology ;luminescent ;t hermal stabilityModif ication of Ni -F/H M catalyst for n -pentane isomerization /2007,31(3:71-73B IN G Guo 2Qing 1,GAO Wen 2Yuan 2(1.S chool of Chemist ry &Chemical Engi neeri ng ,D aqi ng Pet

20、 roleum I nstit ute ,D aqi n g ,Hei 2long j i ang 163318,Chi na;2.L ong y ang Com p any ,D aqi n g T ri um p h Grou p ,D aqi ng ,Heilong j i ang 166405,Chi na Abstract :In order to improve t he isomerization activity of Ni -F/HM catalyst ,t he effect of loaded nick 2le ,temperat ure of calcinations

21、Ni ,content of ammonium fluoro silicate on catalyst for pentane isomeriza 2tion was investigated respectively.According to altering acidity f unction of non 2noble metal catalyst for pentane isomerization wit h ammonium fluoro silicate ,t he isomerization temperat ure drop s by as much as50.It shows

22、 t hat n -pentane isomerization adhered to t he rep resentative bif unctional catalytic reac 2tion mechanism.The well match between metal and acid f unction is t he key to t he research of light par 2affine isomerization catalyst.It shows t hat prepared Ni -F/HM catalyst achieved superior activity under t he conditio n t hat t he co ntent of nickel is 4.0%,t he temperat ure of calcinations Ni is 450and t he content of ammonium fluoro silicate is 5.0%.On