高考語法填空詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

1、語法填空 一、題型介紹：200詞左右，類型為，短文或?qū)υ? 10處空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容或所提供單詞的正確形式，所填寫詞語不得多于3個(gè)單詞。二、步驟： 1. 通讀全文，把握大意。（2min）1）對(duì)話：確定雙方關(guān)系，談話主題，情境，語氣等2）短文：弄清該文體裁，話題，中心思想，結(jié)構(gòu)。通讀全文的目的是為了把握全文的大意，為下一步填空做好語義上的準(zhǔn)備。因?yàn)檎Z義決定著空白處應(yīng)填一個(gè)什么樣的詞語并采用什么樣的語法形式。在通讀全文的過程中，為了準(zhǔn)確地把握其大意，很有必要弄清文章的題材，體裁，中心思想，寫作線索，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，段落層次，

2、邏輯關(guān)系，詞句理解等。這樣有助于考生真正讀懂文章大意，也有利于填空時(shí)進(jìn)行必要的邏輯推理。2. 邊讀邊填，先易后難，語義形式雙管齊下3. 復(fù)讀全文，檢查答案。 （一）Mum(putting on her coat): Im going to have to go down to the shop for more bread. Alan: Why? Mum: Im no

3、t sure what _61_(happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table _62_ I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because

4、60;theyre _63_(go). Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. Im sure he was in the kitchen_64_(early). Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished _65_&#

5、160;them, so he couldnt have done it. _66_, he couldnt carry a plate of sandwiches as well as his tennis stuff, so Im sure _67_ wasnt him. Alan(opening fridge&#

6、160;door): Well, it wasnt me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of _68_fridge? Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I _69_ have

7、 put them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my _70_. Now, why did I put on my coat?61. happened 62. when 63. gone 6

8、4. earlier 65. making 66. Besides/Anyway 67. it 68. the 69. must 70. memory/mind（二）M: Hi, Mrs. Brown, this is Bill Nelson, from Flat Rental Company. Hows your apartmentworking out for you?W: Well, Mr. Nelson. Thats _ I would like to ta

9、lk to you about. Would you mind talking to the person upstairs and_ (ask)him to keep his music down at night? M: Ohhh. Who? Me?W: Yes. It thunders every night. And isnt _your job to take care of these things?M: I just collect _ rent. W: And the air here _ (smell)! Is there a chemical factory nearby?

10、 M: No. Its the farm. See those horses, pigs and sheep on the farm nearby the river? So theres nothing I can do about that.W: Well, what about that noise? M: What noise? I dont hear _ (something).W: There, there it is again. M: Oh, that noise. I guess that is from the guns. Soldiers are doing their

11、weekly drills. W: Weekly? You _ (kid)! Cant anything be done about it? M: Certainly. I _ (protest), and these activities should stopwithin the next three to fiveyears.W: Hey, you never told me about these problems _I signed the rental agreement! Still expect me to keep _ the agreement? Well, my lawy

12、er will see you soon. (三) One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment_1_(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me_2_the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man_

13、3_(sit) at the front. He_4_(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be_5_(mental) disabled.Behind him were other people to_6_he was trying to talk, but after some minutes_7_walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I d

14、idnt like leaving him_8_his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had_9_amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice. It made_10_of

15、us feel good. 1. later 2. until/till 3. sitting 4. was pretending 5. mentally 6. whom 7. they 8. on 9. an 10. both三、技巧1. 句子成分：1） 主語：是一個(gè)句子的主體，是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。 Kimi likes Ultraman very much Its a truth that Jeff has many books.2） 謂語：對(duì)主語動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)陳述或說明，指出主語“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”Peter can solve the problem by himself. The

16、 music sounds fantastic to us.3） 賓語：指一個(gè)動(dòng)作（動(dòng)詞）的接受者。分為動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞賓語；也可分為直接賓語和間接賓語。I am tired of wasting money like this.I think that the price will continue to go up.4） 表語：用來說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的，位于系動(dòng)詞之后。 系動(dòng)詞： be(am, is, are); 感官動(dòng)詞（feel,look,sound） 保持類（remain,stay); 變化類（turn,grow，become）Tomorrow is another

17、 day. Leaves turn yellow in fall.My dream is that I can be a businessman in the future.5） 賓語補(bǔ)足語：補(bǔ)充說明賓語的成分，使句子意思完整，并與賓語形成主謂關(guān)系。I find learning English easy. You should keep your room clean and tidy.We elected him our monitor.6） 定語：修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的成分The tree in the park has a long history.I have a lot of

18、 work to finish.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.7） 狀語：表示一種狀態(tài)，并且修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞和副詞或全句的成分She runs fast.I chose English major because girls are much more than boys in it.8） 同位語Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us詞性名詞 n.代詞 pron.形容詞 adj.副詞 adv.動(dòng)詞 v.介詞 prep.冠詞 art.數(shù)詞 num.連詞 c

19、onj.成份主語謂語賓語表語定語狀語補(bǔ)語2. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：1）表語、定語或補(bǔ)語，用形容詞。具體位置：系動(dòng)詞后，名詞代詞前1 The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.解析：因在系動(dòng)詞felt后作表語，用形容詞，故填silent。2 In a _ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語，故填dangerous。3 Teachers

20、must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject解析：因所填詞在句中作賓語most of their students的補(bǔ)足語，用形容詞；表示“感興趣”，填interested。2）作主語、賓語，用名詞。具體位置：（謂語前）(及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后)1 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Gr

21、eat Inventions.解析：在時(shí)間狀語從句中，要求填的詞作主語，Chinas ancient scientific and technological是主語的定語；作主語要用名詞，又由are可知，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填achievements。2 These people have made great _39_ (contribute) to China with their work.解析：在句中作及物動(dòng)詞have made的賓語，要用名詞形式；表示“作貢獻(xiàn)”，其前面沒有不定冠詞時(shí)，習(xí)慣上用復(fù)數(shù)，故填contributions。3 instructors expect students

22、to be familiar with _32_ (inform) in the reading解析：因with是介詞，在介詞后作賓語，要用名詞，故填information。3）在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(+形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。如：1 the remains date from this period because of their _38_ (similar) to those found elsewhere. 解析：在形容詞性物代詞(their)后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞，故填similarities。2 With the large numbers of students, the _

23、 (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.解析：在冠詞后，要用名詞，故填operation。4）修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語，用副詞。1  As I looked _32_ (close) at this girl, I fount that解析：修飾動(dòng)詞looked，作狀語，用副詞，故填closely。2 There must be something _40_ (serious) wrong with our society. 解析：要求填的詞修飾形容詞wrong，作狀語，用

24、副詞，故填seriously。3Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet _33_ (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time解析：修飾because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，修飾整個(gè)句子，作狀語，用副詞，故填mainly。5）可能詞義轉(zhuǎn)換，與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un, im等，在詞根后加less等。1 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but

25、 one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ (use).解析：作表語要用形容詞；又由句意可知，作者是表達(dá)“沒有什么知識(shí)是無用的”，故填useless。2 Your mistake caused a lot of _ (necessary) work in the office.解析：在名詞前作定語，仍用形容詞形式；但根據(jù)句意可知，錯(cuò)誤是引起不必要的麻煩事，故填unnecessary。課后習(xí)題：1. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it.2. Though not

26、 so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure.3. People arent always those who they declare to be in their online 39 (describe)4. Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their 36 (survive).5.

27、 But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger that 34 (threat) the only home theyknow.6. Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their 36 (survive)7. To most of us, friendships are considered 33 (importance)。8.with a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar wit

28、h 32_ (inform) in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination.9. The man ran to his son, knocked him away, hammered the little boy's hands into pulp(果漿汁) as 33 (punish).10. But somewhere along the line they learn to be _36_(practice).11But this type of housing, _33

29、_(call) co-housing, is gaining _34_ (popular) in the United States, too.12. A co-housing community has _35_ (private) owned houses and shared land.13. 33 ( tradition ), it was the woman's job to cook food and 34 ( set ) the table .14. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and 38 ( bri

30、ng ) me into her world; a world of smiles, love and 39 ( warm ).15. While your IQ tells you how 36_ (intelligence) you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.16. I took out my guide book in which there was a lot of information about the city's well-known tourist 34 (attract) a

31、nd started to read.17. Thanks to the campaign, public 39 (aware) of agricultural product quality and food safety has been strengthened.18. Soon the "toy" turns out to be a communication device lost by aliens, who_36_(desperate) want it back.19. Once again, the other frogs cried at him and

32、told him to stop and just allow himself to die. He jumped even harderand 37 (final)made himself out.20. Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet 33 because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for a significant other.21. As far as I am concerned, my 37 (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.22