高考英語第二輪語法專題復(fù)習九狀語從句

1、2009年高考英語第二輪語法專題復(fù)習九狀語從句Adverbial Clauses知識要點：狀語從句是副詞性從句，它在句子中擔任狀語，修飾主句的動詞、形容詞或副詞。根據(jù)修飾的方面，狀語從句可以分為以下九種。1、時間狀語從句2、地點狀語從句3、原因狀語從句4、目的狀語從句5、結(jié)果狀語從句6、條件狀語從句7、方式狀語從句8、讓步狀語從句9、比較狀語從句1、時間狀語從句種類從屬連詞例句說明時間狀語從句whenwheneverWhen I came into the room, he was writing a letter.當我進屋時，他正在寫信。We shall go there whenever

2、we are free.我們什么時間有空，我們就去那里。when指的是“某一具體的時間”。whenever指的是“在任何一個不具體的時間”。whenI was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走著，這時忽然有人從后面拍我的肩膀。when意為“這時”或“在那個時候”,可以看作是并列句,這種用法的when分句一般位于句末。whileWhile it was raining, they went out.天下雨的時候，他們出去了。I stayed whi

3、le he was away.他不在的時候我在。while指“在某一段時間里”，“在期間”，while引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的。asHe hurried home, looking behind as he went.他趕快回家，不時地一邊走一邊向后看。as引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動作，強調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。beforeBe a pupil before you become a teacher.先做學(xué)生，再做先生。before譯為在之前afterHe arrived after the game started.比賽開始后，他到了。till We waited till (until)he cam

4、e back .我們一直等到他回來。如主句動詞是持續(xù)性動作，常用肯定式，表示“直到為止”種類從屬連句例句說明時間狀語從句until She didnt stop working until eleven oclock .她到11點鐘才停止工作。Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.她站在那里看著，直到看不見他的身影。如主句動詞是瞬間動詞，常用否定式，表示“直才”“在以前不”,從句放在句首表示強調(diào)，一般用untilSinceas soon asGreat changes have taken place in China since

5、1978.自從1978年以來中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.我一到上海就給你寫信。狀語從句在主句之前時一般用逗號與主句分開，如從句在主句之后則不必用標點符號。hardlywhenno soonerthanI had hardly got home when it began to rain.我剛一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had we got to the station than the train le

6、ft.我們剛到車站，火車就走了。Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.我們剛開始就被叫停。hardlywhen和no soonerthan的意義相當于as soon as,但只表示過去發(fā)生的事情，主句為過去完成時，從句為過去時，如hardly或no sooner位于句首時語氣強，而且主句的謂語要用部分倒裝。every time, by the time, the moment等Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.我每次乘船都暈船。The moment I heard the song,

7、 I felt cheerful.我一聽到這首歌，就感到很愉快。Next time you come ,youll see him.下次你來的時候，就會見到他。在時間狀語從句中，不能用將來時或過去將來時，而要用現(xiàn)在時或過去時代替將來時。地點狀語從句wherewhereverWhere there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。Where there is water there is life.哪里有水，哪里就有生命。You are free to go wherever you like.你可以隨意到你喜歡的任何地方去。Wherever you go,

8、you must obey the law.無論你去哪都要遵守法律。where與wherever意義基本相同，但后者語氣較強，多用于書面語。原因狀語從句becauseI came back late yesterday because I was on duty.昨天我回來晚了，因為我值班。because用來回答why 的問題，語氣最強一般放在主句之后sinceSince everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我們開始開會。since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首種類從屬連句例句說明原因狀語從句asAs he

9、 didnt know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .由于他英語懂得不多，他在字典中查閱這個單詞。從句常放在句首，說明原因，主句說明結(jié)果，常用于口語中。now that, seeing thatNow (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.鑒于天氣已經(jīng)晴朗，我們可以啟程了。Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.鑒于他病情嚴重，我們派人去請醫(yī)生去了。seeing (

10、that), now that 和since, as 意義相似，他們都有“鑒于某個事實”的意思，that可以省去。目的狀語從句thatso thatin order thatlest = for fear thatI shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget.我要把你的電話號碼記下來，以免忘記。Well tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我把真實情況告訴你，使你能自己作出判斷。They worked harder than usual in

11、order that they could finish the work ahead of time .他們比往常更加努力工作，為了能提前完成工作。Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.多穿點衣服，以免患感冒。目的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動詞may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在動詞之前，從句往往放在主句之后，主從句之間不用任何標點符號結(jié)果狀語從句so that sothatWe turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the

12、 news.我們把收音機的音量放大，大家都聽到了新聞。He was so excited that he couldnt say a word.他十分激動，以致一句話都說不出來。so that前有逗號為結(jié)果狀語從句。sothat的so后面跟形容詞或副詞。suchthatHe gave such important reasons that he was excused.他說出了這么重要的理由，得到大家的諒解。It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. It is so interesting a novel t

13、hat all of us want to read it.這是一本十分有意思的書，大家都想看。suchthat的such后面跟名詞，如果名詞是單數(shù)就要用such a /anthat還可以轉(zhuǎn)換用sothat，語氣較強種類從屬連句例句說明條件狀語從句if unlessas/so long asin case so far asDifficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.如果我們不怕困難，困難就算不了什么了。We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.除非下雨，我們明天就去那里。= We sh

14、all go there tomorrow if it doesnt rain.So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。In case I forget, please remind me about it .萬一我忘了，請?zhí)嵝盐乙幌隆o far as I know, the book will be published next month.據(jù)我所知，那本書下月出版。unless從句的謂語只能用肯定式。unless和ifnot同義，unless是書面語，ifnot是口語，通常二者可以換用。條件狀語從句中的謂

15、語動詞的時態(tài)一般要用現(xiàn)在時或過去時代替一般將來時或過去將來時。方式狀語從句as as ifas thoughDraw a cat as I taught you .按照我教你的畫一只貓。Do as you are told.按照人家告訴你做的去做。She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好象是生病了。He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.他的行動就好象什么也沒有發(fā)生。They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.他們對待這黑孩子仿佛他是一頭牲口。此處a

16、s譯為，按照或正如as if或as though的意義和用法基本一樣。從句中可以用現(xiàn)在時表示可能符合事實，也可以用虛擬語氣。讓步狀語thoughalthoughAlthough (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.雖然他六十多歲了，但仍開始學(xué)習法語。We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.雖然我們干了一天活，但并不累。在句子中一般用了“雖然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以與yet或still連用。though / although意義

17、相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化，后者正式多放主句的前面。從句even ifeven thoughIll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。even if 和even though的意思為“即使”“縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書面語中。種類從屬連詞例句說明讓步狀語從句as Child as he is , he knows a lot .雖然他是一個孩子，但他懂得很多。Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.雖然天氣冷，但孩子們?nèi)栽趹?/p>

18、外玩。as引出的狀語從句多用于書面語，它比用though或although引導(dǎo)的從句，語氣強，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語序部分倒裝。no matter (who, what when, where which, how)Do it no matter what others say.不管別人怎么說,盡管干。No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.不管他多忙，他都每天堅持學(xué)習英語。No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful.不管誰為

19、我處理這件事，我都將非常感激。no matter與 who-ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句意義基本一樣，no matter引導(dǎo)的從句可是以位于主句前或主句后。whever (whatever whoever whenever whichever however)Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.無論發(fā)生什么，我們都不要失去信心。Whoever comes, he will be welcome.無論誰來，都會受到歡迎。whever從句中的動詞有時可以和may連用。判斷whever引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句還是名詞性從句的一點是，名

20、詞性從句，主句中一定有一個成分要在從句擔任，一般從句與主句之間沒有逗號。不可將no matter與whever連用比較狀語從句asas not so/as asthe same assuchasMary is as old as my sister.瑪利和我姐姐一樣大。He doesnt run so (as) fast as Jack (does).他不如杰克跑得那樣快。His book is the same as mine.他的書和我的一樣。Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .享利這個工人不如彼得那樣好。連詞表示同程度級的比較，肯定句用as

21、as否定句可用not asas 或not soasthanShe has made greater progress this year than she did last year.她今年比去年進步更大。He bought fewer books than I (did).他買的書比我買的少。表示不同程度之比較，主句中用比較級的形容詞或副詞。種類從屬連句例句說明比較狀語從句the more the moreThe more you read, the better you understand.你看的書越多，你懂得的就越多。The more tickets you sell, the mor

22、e money you will get.你賣的票越多，你的收入也越多。The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，你取得的進步就越大。The sooner, the better.越快越好。The warmer, the better.越暖和越好。the morethe more 意思為越越，通常的語序為從句在前主句在后，這兩個the都是表示程度的副詞，用在比較級的形容詞或副詞前面。句子意思明顯，句子的主語和動詞都可省略。特殊形式的狀語從句that We are sure (that )the four mod

23、ernization will be realized in China .我們相信四化一定會在中國實現(xiàn)。Im sorry (that) I didnt have time to write you sooner.很抱歉，我沒有抽出時間早點給你寫信。I am afraid that I cant go with you.恐怕我不能同你一起去了。that 引導(dǎo)的從句，往往跟在一個做表語的形容詞后面，從句概念上看是賓語，所以有的語法家把它看做是賓語從句，但結(jié)構(gòu)上看，也可以把它看作是一個特殊的狀語從句，用來修飾表語的形容詞。這種從句的連詞常常被省略?！緦ｍ椨?xùn)練】：、選擇填空：1、You like s

24、portsId like to read.AwhenBwhileCbutDyet2、we were singing, the teacher came in.ABeforeBafterCAsDUntil 3、I was about to leave my housethe phone rang.AwhileB whenCasDafter4、They did not stop fightingthere was no enemy left.AuntilBafterCwhenDsince5、I have not seen himhe went to college.Awhen BbeforeCas

25、Dsince 6、It is five dayswe came here.AwhenBbeforeCasDsince 7、It was not longhe got to know it.AwhenBbeforeCafterDuntil 8、We shall gowe are free.AwheneverBwhateverCwhereverDhowever 9、I live I must serve the people heart and soul.AWhenBSo long asCAs soon asDOn condition 10、I was reading a novelhe was

26、watchingTV.AwhenBwhileCbeforeDas11、Put the medicineyou can easily get it.Aso that BwhereCwhichDthere12、We will gothe Party wants us to go.AwhereverBthereCto the placeDwhich13、there is a will there is a way.AWhenBWhereCWhetherDHow 14、I am goingyou went last week.AwhereBwhereverCwhenDthe place15、you g

27、o , you should bear the motherland in your mind.AWhereBWhereverCWhateverDHowever 16、weather permits, well have an outing.AFor BThoughCWhileDIf17、You wont succeedharder.Aunless you will workBunless you workCunless you dont workDif you wont work18、I wonder if heus, and I think if heus well be able to

28、complete the task ahead of time.Ahelps, helpsBwill help, helpsChelps, will helpDwill help, will help 19、I dont like to be interrupted if I .Aspeak Bwill speakCam speakingDspoke 20、If youthis experiment you will understand the theory better.Awill be doingBhave doneCwill have doneD would do21、I would

29、like to do it I like it.AsinceBbecauseCbecause of Dnow that 22、everybody is here, Lets set off.ASinceBBecauseCForDAfter 23、It was he was ill that he was absent yesterday.AbecauseBasCsinceDnow that 24、it is raining, we had better take a taxi.AForBAsCBecause of DWhen 25、“Why cant you do it now?”“Im to

30、o busy.”ASinceBAsCBecauseDFor 26、He must have passed this way,here are his footprints.AsinceBbecause of Cnow thatDfor 27、everybody is here, Lets begin our meeting.ANow thatBBecauseCForDWhen28、His speech made deep impression on the audience that they could hardly forget it.Asuch a Bso a CsoDsuch29、Th

31、ey worked hardthey finished their work ahead of time.AsoBso thatCsuch thatDso as to30、He wasweak he couldnt stand up.Asuch, thatBso, thatCvery, thatDso, as to31、The foreigner spokehis interpreter could hardly catch his words.Asuch fast that Bso fastCso fast thatDso fastly that32、The book is it gives

32、 a wrong idea of the facts. Aso writing that Bsuch written thatCsuch writing thatDso written that33、The house costwe didnt buy it.Aso much money thatBso many money thatCsuch much money thatDsuch many money that 34、It is all of us can do it.Aso easy exercise thatBsuch easy an exerciseCsuch easy exerc

33、iseDso easy an exercise that35、She has she remembers all the names of the students she has taught.Aso good memory thatBsuch a good memory thatCsuch good memory thatDgood memory36、They stopped at Tianjingthey might visit the TV tower.Aso BbecauseCso thatDin order37、We all got up early we might start

34、at six.Ain order that Bin order toCso Dso as to38、Let the dog loose so that it have a run.Ashould BmustCcouldDneed39、clearly so that your teacheryou correctly.AWrite, can understandBHaving written, can understandCTo write, could understandDWriting, will understand40、He started early so that he there

35、 in time.Acould getBgotChad gotDwould have got41、it was late , she went on working.AThoughBBecauseCSinceDWhether42、we fail , wetrying.AEven if , dont stopBEven though, wont stopCEven, will not stopDEven although, shall never stop43、the pain was bad, he did not complain.AAlthough, butBThough, butCTho

36、ugh, yetDEven, still44、physics, he likes maths better.AAs he much likes BMuch as he likes CMuch likes as he DLikes much as he 45、telephones, tell him Im out.ANo matter whoeverBWhoCWhoeverDAnyone46、Well carry the reform to the end happens.Ano matter howBwhateverCanythingDno matter which47、It takestim

37、e to go there by plane than by ship.Afar fewerBfar lessCmuch fewerDmore less48、He is taller thanin his class.AothersBall the students Cany other one Dthe other49、it was finished in time.AAs the work was difficultBDifficult as the work wasCDifficult as was the workDAs was the work difficult50、I am so

38、rry I have caused so much trouble.Athat BforCasDsince 51、he came, he would bring us a lot of flowers.AEvery times Bone timeCEvery time DOnce a time 52、Ill tell him about it I see him.Aas soon asBso soon asCwhile Das 53、I had hardly sat downthe telephone rangAthan BwhenCas Dafter 54、Sityou like.Awher

39、eBat the placeCas Dwherever 55、he wasnt ready in time, we went without him.ASince BAsCForDBecause of 56、All plants need airthey need water.Alike Bas if Cas Dso 57、Work hard you can succeed.Ain order to Bso thatCfor fear thatDin case 58、If you I will go with you.Ago to Bwent CwillDshould go 59、The ha

40、rd he works, he will make.Athe greater Bthe greater progressCand the moreDmore 60、we have thought it over , well takesteps.ATill, not BWhen , noCUntil, any DUntil, no 、改錯1、It wont matter even he refuses.2、Jim imagined that the whole world knew of his achievements, when in fact only a few people had

41、heard of it .3、He realized that his house must have been broken into the minute he got home and saw that everything was in a mess.4、He was looking for the dictionary whenever he thought he might have put it .5、No matter if he is free, he must go to the library.6、I have not missed a play or a concert when I was seventeen years old.7、Next time that I plan to travel in London, Im going to take a plane.8、Im not going to talk on the point any further, though it is neither im