lesson1——名詞和代詞

1、人稱代詞和物主代詞一、人稱代詞 人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格：作主語，表示誰怎么樣了、干什么了。_am a teacher._ are student._ is a student, too._ are students.人稱代詞賓格作賓語，表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象。Give it to _(I)Pass _ (he) the book.Tell _ (she) the story.Listen to _ (they).二、物主代詞            數(shù)

2、0;     人稱類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞漢語我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他（她、它）們的物主代詞可分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。  1、形容詞性物主代詞用(my/your/his/her/its/our/their) 起形容詞的作用+名詞 例：1) This is _ book.  這是我的書。   2) We love_ motherland.  我們熱愛

3、我們的祖國(guó)。2、 名詞性物主代詞起名詞的作用。名詞性物主代詞= 形容詞性物主代詞+名詞 例：1) Look at the two pencils. The red one is _ and the blue one is _ = The red one is _ pencil and the blue one

4、 is _ pencil. 看那兩支鉛筆，紅的是你的，藍(lán)的是我的。  2) He likes _ pen. He doesnt like_. = He doesnt like _ pen.  他喜歡我的鋼筆。不喜歡她的。  . 3、 注意：在使用名詞性物主代詞時(shí)，必須有特定的語言環(huán)境，也就是要省略的名詞大家已經(jīng)知道，已經(jīng)提起過。  例：  Its hers. 

5、; 是她的。  （單獨(dú)使用大家不知是怎么回事，不可以這樣用）       There is a book. Its hers.  那有本書。是她的。  （先提及，大家才明白）   4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞   為避免重復(fù)使用名詞，有時(shí)可用“名詞性物主代詞”來代替“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”的形式。   例： My bag is yellow，_(her 

6、;bag) is red，_(his bag) is blue and _(your) bag is pink.   Whats _ (you) name? _ (I ) name is Sally.Is this _ (you) book?No,，it isnt， its _.(her book)This is _ (we) classroom. _ (They) classroom is over there. This is not _ (he) book.

7、_ (his book) is over there.This is not _( I ) book. _ (my book) is in the bag.Where is _ (you) book? I cant find _ (your book)一、選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾。1、This is（my / I）mother.2、 Nice to meet （your / you）.3.、（He / His）name is Mark.4、Whats（she / her）name?5.、Excuse（me / my / I）.6、Are（your / you）Miss Li?7、（

8、I/ My）am Ben.8、（She / Her）is my sister.9、Fine , thank （your / you）.10. How old is （he / his）?  二、用所給代詞的正確形式填空。1、These are _ ( he ) brothers.2、That is _( she ) sister.3、Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4、Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary.5、Now _(her parent)  are in America.6、Those _children_ ( ch

9、ild ) are _ ( I ) fathers students.7、Do you know  _ ( it ) name?8、Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends.9、Thanks for helping _( I ).10、_(Ann安)mother is _(we) teacher. 三, 填上正確的人稱代詞和物主代詞 1、_ is my friend.  他是我的朋友。2、My dog likes _. 我的狗喜歡她。3、Who is there? Its _.  是誰??？是我。4、Come with _.  跟我來。5

10、、_ classroom is bigger than _. 你們的教室比我們的要大。6、_ are Chinese. 我們是中國(guó)人。7、I want to buy some balloons for _. 我想買些氣球送給他。8、These are _ photos. 這些是我們的照片。9、_ like _ very much.  他們非常喜歡它。10、Let _ give _ a book. 讓我給你一本書。11、This is _ father.  這是我的爸爸。12、Is that bike _? Yes, its _. 那輛自行車是你的嗎？是，它是我的。13、_

11、like _ car. 我喜歡他們的小汽車。14、Our school is here, and _theirs_ is there. 我們的學(xué)校在這兒，他們的在那兒. 15、Whose bike is this? Its _hers_ (= _her bike_ _). 這是誰的自行車？是她的。16、Is that car _? Yes, its _. 那輛車是你的嗎？是的，它是我的。    四：用物主代詞填空:1、I own（擁有） that cat; that cat is _ .2、You own that cat: that cat is _ .3、He owns

12、 that cat; that cat is _ .4、She owns that cat; that cat is _ .5、They own that cat; that cat is _課后練習(xí)一填空。1. (她) is a student. (她) sister is a student too.2. (我) want (你) to do it today.3. (他) twin brother is a worker. (他們) are twins.4. (你們) are from England. (我們) are from China.5. All of (我們) love (我

13、們) teachers.6. This is (我) book. That is (你).7. These pens are (他們). (你們) are over there.8. Can (你) read it for (我們).二、選擇題。 （ ）1、Look at          . A. him B. he C. his（ ）2、I drive          to the park every day

14、.A. they B. their C. them（ ）3、          classroom is big. A. we B. us C. Our（ ）4、I love       . A. she B. her C. hers（ ）5、Do you know         ? A. I   B. my C. me（ ）6、I am

15、60;       son. A. they B. their C. them（ ）7、This is not _ desk. My desk is over there.A. I   B. my C. me（ ）8、Can you spell _ name, Harry? Sorry.A. you   B. your C. yours（ ）9、Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _ room.A. they   B. them C

16、. their（ ）10、We are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice.A. our   B. my C. ours（ ）11、Mrs Green is my teacher. Im _ student.A. he B. his C. him（ ）12、Thats a cat. _ name is Mimi.A. It   B. Its C. Its三改錯(cuò)。 1、My am his classmate. 2、They all like I. 3、This is not she pen. 4、Our

17、are the twins. 5、Thses are they desks. 6、lisen, her is singing a pop song. 7、Who is he?-His my cousin. 8、What is he father? 9、His pen is red ,but my is blue. 四按要求寫出下列代詞的形式1、I（賓格） 2、he（形容詞性物主代詞） 3、us（主格） 4、they（賓格） 5、she（賓格） 6、you（名詞性物主代詞） 7、it（賓格） 8、him（復(fù)數(shù)）9、her（形容詞性物主代詞） 10、my（復(fù)數(shù)） 11、they（名詞性物主代詞）1

18、2、we（單數(shù)）五、用括號(hào)里的代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1、Mr Yang is _(we) teacher._(him) is from Beijing. _(his) teaches_(our) English.2、Look,there is a cat._(they) is Lily's._(it) name is Mimi.3、Let_(I) tell _(she) about_(he) life at school.4、This is _(they) rooom.Where is _(our)?5、Don't use the eraser._ is _(me).6、The l

19、ady under the tree is _(me) aunt._(her) often sings with _(she) husband名詞一、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞 1、可數(shù)名詞一般有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。其變化形式有規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩種。 A. 規(guī)則變化B. 不規(guī)則變化-初中階段的不規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)基本如下： manmen; womanwomen; childchildren; footfeet; toothteeth; fishfish; sheepsheep; deerdeer mousemice Chinese-Chinese JapaneseJapaneseC. shoes, gl

20、asses, trousers等由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物或工具的名詞作主語時(shí)，當(dāng)其前有a pair of, a kind of, a set of等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。2、不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，最常見的不可數(shù)名詞可歸納為：茶水牛奶兌桔汁，米肉面包和食物；家庭作業(yè)工作忙，幸福日子錢財(cái)多。即：tea, water, milk, orange, rice, meat, bread, food；homework, work, money。 A. 不可數(shù)名詞如果表示確切數(shù)量時(shí)，物質(zhì)名詞可借助單位詞表示一定的數(shù)量，應(yīng)用“數(shù)量詞 + of + 不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，若表示復(fù)數(shù)，只把of前的數(shù)量詞變?yōu)閺?fù)

21、數(shù)。如：a bottle of orange 一瓶桔子汁 / two bottles of orange兩瓶桔子汁。B. 不可數(shù)名詞表示不定數(shù)目需要用some, a little, a lot of / lots of,much等詞修飾。如：a little oil一點(diǎn)兒油 / a lot of oil許多油，some rice and water一些米飯和水。【特別提示】 (1) 有些復(fù)合名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，只將復(fù)合名詞的主體詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。例如： looker-onlookers-on 旁觀者 (2) 由man和woman構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞，兩者都要變成復(fù)數(shù)。例如：man teachermen tea

22、chers男教師 (3) 有些詞在形式上是單數(shù)形式，但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)。例如：people, police,family(家人)等。 (4) 有些詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但意義上是單數(shù)。例如：news, maths,physics等。 (5) 有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式的意義不同,要根據(jù)上下文來決定是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。例如： He keeps many chickens. （雞，可數(shù)名詞） I like to eat some chicken. （雞肉，不可數(shù)名詞） time （時(shí)間） times （時(shí)代，次數(shù)） wood （木頭） woods （森林）精練orange oranges room room

23、sglass glasses family families二、名詞所有格1. 表示人或有生命的東西的名詞所有格的構(gòu)成。 (1) 在單數(shù)名詞后加-'s構(gòu)成。例如：my brother's bike (2) 在不以字母s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加-'s。例如：the Children's Palace (3) 在以s結(jié)尾的名詞后加-'。例如：the teachers' desks 【特別提示】 (1)并列名詞表示各自所屬時(shí)，在兩個(gè)名詞后各加-'s。表示共同所屬時(shí)只在最后的名詞后加-'s。例如： Lucy's and Lily'

24、;s bedrooms （兩個(gè)臥室） Tom and Peter's father （兄弟兩人的父親） (2) 以s結(jié)尾的專用名詞后一般加-'或-'s。例如： Dickens' / Dickens's works 狄更斯的作品 2. 表示無生命的東西的名詞所有格通常是由“of + 名詞”構(gòu)成。例如： the windows of the classroom 教室的窗戶 3. 雙重所有格。 (1) “of + 名詞-'s”這種形式稱為名詞的雙重所有格。雙重所有格常用來表示整體中的一部分。例如： Tom is a friend of my broth

25、er's. 湯姆是我哥哥的朋友中的一個(gè)。 (2) of后的“名詞-'s”也可以用名詞性物主代詞代替。例如： Tom is a child of theirs. 湯姆是他們的一個(gè)孩子。 鞏固精練：選擇正確的詞語填空。 1. That mobile phone isn't mine. It is my _(sister, sister's). 2. How many _ (monkey, monkeys) are there in the zoo? 3. They had a lot of _ (photos, photo) taken on the Great W

26、all. 4. This is _ (Betty's and Kate's, Betty and Kate's) room. It's tidy and clean. 5. Come on, _ (childs, children). I'll tell you a _ (piece of, / ) good news.一、短語英漢互譯。 1. 三張紙 _ 2. 四盒粉筆 _ 3. 一副眼鏡 _ 4. 兩條消息_ 5. 十只綿羊 _ 6. ten minutes' walk _ 7. my teacher's desk _ 8. the

27、gate of the school _9. a friend of mine _ 10. the first day of the week _ 二、根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。 1. There are some _ (樹葉) on the ground. 2. The boy has two _ (小刀). 3. This is _ (李磊的) brother. 4. The woman is _ (Lucy和Lily的) mother. 5. There are two _ (男醫(yī)生) in the clinic. 6. These _ (德國(guó)人) are walking up the

28、Great Wall. 7. There are _ (四條魚) in the bowl. 8. June 1st is _ (兒童節(jié)). 三、單項(xiàng)填空。 1. The deer has four _. A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots 2. Twenty dollars _ enough for the coat. A. is B. are C. has D. have 3. There are four _ and two _ in the group. A. Japanese, English men B. Japaneses, English men

29、C. Japanese, English mans D. Japaneses, English mans 4. Two _ would come to the village. A. woman-teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers D. woman teachers 5. The old _ taken good care of in our country. A. is B. has C. are D. have 6. The _ has two _. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watch

30、es D. boys, watch 7. What we want _ milk. A. is B. are C. were D. am 8. The Chinese _ will not leave England until her daughter finishes her study. A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9. Both Kate and I _ ready for the picnic now. A. is B. am C. are D. have 10. The cat caught two _ last night. A. mouses

31、 B. mices C. mouse D. mice 11. What do you have for breakfast? I often have _ or _. A. breads; noodles B. bread; noodles C. breads; noodle D. bread; noodle 12. People in America eat much _. A. potatoes B. onions C. beef D. hamburgers 13. How many _ are there on the table? There are five. 14 There ar

32、e three _ assistants in that A. women; shoe B. woman; shoe C. woman; shoes D. women; shoes Exercise 1. There is no _ in the bus so we have to wait for the next bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. seats 2. All the _ teachers and _ students are having a meeting. A. men; boys B. men; boy C. man; boy D.

33、man; boys 3. Would you like some _? No, thanks. I'm not thirsty at all. A. bread B. water C. cake D. tomato 4. Could you give me two _, please? Sure, here you are. A. bottles of milks B. bottle of milks C. bottle of milk D. bottles of milk 5. Where is your seat? It's between _, in Row 5. A.

34、Mabel and Linda B. Mabel's and Linda C. Mabel and Linda's D. Mabel's and Linda's 6. Let the children go away. They are making so much _ here. A. noise B. voice C. noisy D. sounds 7. What do you do on the farm, David? My job is to feed the animals, such as _ and _. A. horses; sheeps B

35、. horse; sheep C. horse; sheeps D. horses; sheep 8. September 10th is _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers' C. Mother D. Mothers 9. _ mother is a famous writer. The twin sisters are proud of her. A Ann and Jane B Ann's and Jane's C Ann's and Jane D. Ann and Jane's 10. How many _ and _ a

36、re there in your class? A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys onesC. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones 11. A group of _ are talking with two _ over there. A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans 12. That bus driver drank two

37、_. A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea 13. These _ were sent to the villages to help farmers. A. women doctor B. women doctors C. woman doctors D. woman doctor 14. _ is made of (由構(gòu)成)_. A. Glass; glass B. A glass; glass C. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses 15. Are t

38、hose _? No, they aren't. They're _. A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows16. In a few _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. year B. years' C. year's D. years 17. _ face to the south. A. Windows in room B. The windows of the room C. The room'

39、s windows D. The windows in room 18. Please take two _. A. picture of the park B. pictures of the park C. the pictures of a park D. picture of a park閱讀訓(xùn)練AMy name is Wu Peng. I usually have two meals 51 day-brunch and dinner. “ 52 “means(意思是) breakfast and lunch. I 53 brunch at a restaurant. I 54 a h

40、amburger, 55 French fries and a banana for 56 . After brunch, I 57 with my friends. And we have 58 together. For dinner I like an 59 and a tomato. After dinner I always have ice cream for 60 .( )51. A. a B. an C. one D. all( )52. A. Meal B. Dinner C. Brunch D. Supper( )53. A. have B. has C. eats D.

41、likes( )54. A. am B. like C. has D. do( )55. A. a B. any C. some D. an( )56. A. one B. it C. them D. ones ( )57. A. play B. bring C. eat D. /get( )58. A. lunch B. breakfast C. dinner D. meal( )59. A. egg B. broccoli C. salad D. soup( )60. A. meal B. dessert C. drink D. funBIm JohnMy father is a fact

42、ory managerHe comes from AmericaMy mother is a teacherShes EnglishShe can speak some ChineseShe is an English teacher at schoo1Im a student in my mothers schoo1At school I can play with my Chinese friendsWe can play football，basketball and table tennisMy mother can play the piano and tennisShe can a

43、lso (也)sing well( )76Johns father is Ain a school Bin a factory C. in a hotel D. in a hospital( )77Johns mother is from AAmerica BChina CEngland DJapan( )78John can Asing Bplay the piano Cplay tennis Dplay table tennis( )79Johns mother can Aplay football and sing Bplay basketball and the pianoCplay

44、tennis and table tennis Dplay the piano and sing( )80 can speak some Chinese AJohn BJohns mother CJohns father DJohns friendsCEveryone (人人)needs to be healthy. Do you eat healthy food every day? Its important (重要)for your health. You need fruit, like oranges, apples and bananas. “ An apple a day can

45、 keep away（避開） the doctor (醫(yī)生).” You also need vegetables, like carrots and broccoli. Fruit and vegetables are good for our health. But dont eat lots of chocolate. Its not good healthy food. What about dessert? Dont eat lots of dessert because its not good for your health. Many people eat lots of ch

46、ocolate and dessert, so they are unhealthy. Sports can also keep you healthy. Play sports every day. Dont be lazy. You can be healthy.( )81. What are healthy food?A. Fruit and vegetables. B. Bananas, apples and chocolate. C. Fruit and dessert. D. Vegetables and dessert. ( )82. What keeps you healthy?A. Food. B. Sports. C. Healthy food. D. Healthy food and sports. ( )83. 文中劃線句子“ An apple a day can keep away