2019年高考北京卷英語試題解析

1、2019年高考北京英語卷試題解析第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，45分)A、 On the first day of my first grade , I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I1 (voice)my biggest concern to my mother. " How will I make friends? ” She handed me advice. " Be yourself. " For thyearst 20ave lived by these words. Soon I

2、will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to3(I) the two simple words“ Be yourself ".解析 1. voiced 2. facing 3. myself這是一篇記敘文。作者一年級對交友感到困惑，媽媽的建議 Be yourself讓他受益終身。【1解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：我向媽媽表達了我最大的擔(dān)憂，我將如何交朋友？”此處的voice是動詞，表達”的意思，作謂語。敘述的是一年級的事情，用一般

3、過去式。故填 voiced?！?解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“ “Beyourself分析句式可知，此處是做句子的狀語，要用非謂語動詞，其邏輯主語是I,與邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填 facing o【3解析】考查代詞。句意：緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“ "Be yoursef ”myself。本句的主語是I,當(dāng)賓語與主語是同一人稱時，賓語要用反身代詞。故填Earth Day,4 (mark)on 22 April , is an annual event aiming to raise pu

4、blic awarenessabout environmental protection. First celebrated 51970 , the Day now includes events inmore than 190 countries and regions(地區(qū)).No matter what you like to do , there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree , make a meal with locally grown vege

5、tables , or save power the possibilities are endless.解析 4. marked 5. in 6. activities這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了地球日這一節(jié)日的歷史和意義?！?解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：地球日于4月22日舉行，是一項旨在提高公眾環(huán)保意識的年度活動。分析句式可知，設(shè)空處是要做名詞Earth Day的后置定語，且兩者之間是被動關(guān)系，要用過去分詞。故填 marked o【5解析】考查介詞。句意：第一次慶祝是在1970年。如今，這一天的活動遍及190多個國家和地區(qū)。在年份前要用介詞in。故填in?！?解析】考查名詞。句意：無論你喜歡

6、做什么，有一個方法可以讓你參與地球日的各種活動。根據(jù)設(shè) 空前的修飾詞various可知，此處要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 activities oCDoes the name of the college you attend really matter ? Research on the question7(suggest)that, for most students, it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go. The students benefitting mo

7、st from college are those 9 are totally engaged（參與）in academic life,taking full advantage of the college' s chances andresources倏源）.Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking aboutwhich college to attend, and it' s never too early to make necessary preparations fo

8、r a healthy and10 （meaning）college experience.解析 7. suggests/suggested/has suggested8. where 9. who/that10. meaningful這是一篇說明文。研究表明，大學(xué)的名氣對學(xué)生來說并不重要，從大學(xué)生活中受益最多的是完全投入學(xué)術(shù)生活，充分利用大學(xué)機會和資源的學(xué)生。所以要以正確的態(tài)度來選擇大學(xué)?！?解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：對于這個問題的研究表明，對于大多數(shù)學(xué)生來說，它不重要。這里表示研究的客觀結(jié)果，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時均可，故填suggests/suggested/has sug

9、gested【8解析】考查賓語從句。句意：學(xué)生在大學(xué)里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大學(xué)）更重要。這里表達去哪所大學(xué)，表示地點，作狀語。故用 where?！?解析】考查定語從句。句意：從大學(xué)中獲益最多的學(xué)生是那些完全投入學(xué)術(shù)生活的學(xué)生。3 aretotally engaged（參與）in academic life.是定語從句，彳飾先行詞those,空格處在句中作主語，代指人，故填 who或that?！?0解析】考查形容詞。這里與前面的healthy并列，修飾后面的名詞college experience,故此處也要用形容詞。故填 meaningful。第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，

10、共30分）Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students inhis neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 11 free rides to college students forthe past eight years. Since he first started 12 his car to t

11、he young people. Wilson has13 am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous14 with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's 15have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of theirtime in

12、 school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 16 call him“Grandpa ".Tina Stern 17 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meantmuch more to her than just free 18 . "It's not just a ride ； you're not just sitting there in9 silence o

13、r with your headphones on." Stern said. " He asks you questions and actually20 the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll 21 those things."Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profitorganisation. On Point for College. Although

14、the 22 asks the members only to drivestudents to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 23 to ensure the welfare and safety ofthe students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to 24 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and

15、purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 25 to buy them a meal.For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely 26 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have

16、 a reliable car, while others have to 27 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has 28 them to complete their education - but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 29.“I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's

17、sucha(n) 30 to be apart of these kids'lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them andhearing their stories."11. A. linkingB. sendingC. offeringD. distributing12. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering13. A. pavedB. coveredC. measuredD. wandered14. A. argumentsB. interv

18、iewsC. negotiationsD. conversations15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. conversations16. A. evenB. everC. onceD. already17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded18. A. transportationB. styleC. timeD. communication19. A. forcedB. awkwardC. ridiculousD. suspicious20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD.

19、 remembers21. A. act onB. settle onC. check onD. agree on22. A. clubB. leagueC. collegeD. programme23. A. farB. aroundC. beyondD. forwards24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warm25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exch

20、ange28. A. requiredB. allowedC. remindedD. convinced29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciationD. employment30. A. effortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenience解析 11. C 12. D13.B 14. D15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B20. D 21. C 22. D23. C 24. A25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B29.A 30. C這是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了76 歲的 Paul W

21、ilson 八年來一直免費接送低收入的學(xué)生上學(xué)的感人事跡?！?11 解析】考查動詞辨析。A. linking 連接； B. sending 寄送； C. offering 提供； D. distributing 分配。根據(jù)第一段可知，Paul Wilson 確保低收入的學(xué)生按時到達學(xué)校。由此可以推知，該句應(yīng)指：Wilson 給那些學(xué)生提供免費的乘車服務(wù)。故C 選項正確?！?12 解析】考查動詞辨析。A. donating 捐獻，捐贈；B. lending 借出； C. delivering 發(fā)表，投遞；D.volunteering自愿。根據(jù)上文中的"free rides可知；Wils

22、on是主動自愿將自己的汽車提供給那些學(xué)生的。故D 選項正確。【 13 解析】考查動詞辨析。A. paved 鋪設(shè)，安排；B. covered 行走，覆蓋；C. measured 測量，判斷；D.wandered 徘徊， 漫步。 Wilson 讓那些學(xué)生免費搭車，迄今他已經(jīng)行程64,000 英里。 表示 “行走一段路程”，應(yīng)用cover。故B選項正確?！?14 解析】考查名詞辨析。A. arguments 爭論； B. interviews 接見，采訪；C. negotiations 談判； D.conversations 談話。 Wilson 在接送學(xué)生們上下學(xué)的過程中，和學(xué)生之間有愉快幽默的

23、“談話，交談 ”，故 D 選項正確。【 15 解析】考查動詞辨析。A. met 遇見；B. driven駕車，開車；C. addressed從事，忙于，寫地址；D. greeted 問候，迎接。根據(jù)上文可知，Wilson 每天接送那些學(xué)生，這些學(xué)生現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了物理學(xué)家，教師，工程師等。該空應(yīng)該對應(yīng)上一句中的“ he transports to and from school，drive 意為 “駕車送（人）”。故 B 選項正確?！?16 解析】考查副詞辨析。A. even 甚至； B. ever 永遠，曾經(jīng)；C. once 一次，曾經(jīng)；D. already 已經(jīng)。這些學(xué)生將Wilson 當(dāng)作

24、他們的偶像和朋友，有的甚至稱他為“爺爺 ”。該空表示遞進，故A選項正確?！?17 解析】考查動詞辨析。A. earned獲得；B. received收到；C. assessed評估；D. demanded要求。根據(jù)后面的介詞from 可以推知，Tina Stern 從 Wilson 那兒獲得免費的乘車機會。故B 選項正確。【 18 解析】考查名詞辨析。A .transportation 運輸，運送；B. style 風(fēng)格，類型；C. time 時間，次數(shù)；D. communication 交流。對Tina Stern 來說，這些行程不僅僅只是免費的運送而已。transportation 意為

25、“運送 ”。故 A 選項正確。19 解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. forced 強迫的；B. awkward 尷尬的，笨拙的；C. ridiculous 可笑的；D.suspicious 可疑的，懷疑的。Tina 說： “那不僅僅是坐車而已。你并不只是坐在那兒，陷入令人尷尬的沉默中，也不是戴著耳麥坐在那兒?！?坐在車里，彼此不交談，只是沉默，這當(dāng)然是令人尷尬的。故B 選項正確。【 20 解析】考查動詞辨析。 A .selects 選擇；B. recites 背誦；C. guesses猜測；D. remembers 記住，記得。每次坐車的時候，Wilson 會問這些學(xué)生問題，然后記住答案。故D 選

26、項正確?！?21 解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A. act on對起作用；B. settle on定居，決定；C. check on檢查，核實；D. agree on對取得一致意見。在坐車的時候， Wilson會問這些學(xué)生問題，然后記住答案。下一次這些學(xué)生再坐車的時候，Wilson 會檢查上次提到的這些東西。該句指的是在乘車期間，Wilson 會利用這個機會了解考查學(xué)生們的學(xué)習(xí)情況。故C 選項正確。【 22 解析】考查名詞辨析。A. club 俱樂部；B. league 聯(lián)盟，社團；C. college 大學(xué)； D. programme 項目，計劃。 Wilson 最初通過一個非盈利組織On Po

27、int for College 的一個項目作了一名司機。該項目只要求它的成員們接送孩子們上下學(xué)。根據(jù)上句中的“ studen-tsupport programme ”可知， D選項正確。【 23 解析】考查副詞辨析。A. far 遠地； B. around 到處； C. beyond 更遠處，超過；D. forwards 向前。結(jié)合下文中提到的“ If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to them. If they run out of - If a student gets hungry 可知，Wilson的所作所

28、為超過了該項目的要求。故24 解析】選項正確?？疾閯釉~辨析。A. assist 幫助； B. watch 觀看； C. urge 強烈要求；D. warm 使溫暖。如果孩子們在登記方面有問題，Wilson 會去幫助他們（解決相關(guān)的問題）。故 A 選項正確。25 解析】考查動詞辨析。豫。從上文舉的例子可知，該部分都表達的是孩子們在上下學(xué)的途中餓了的時候，選項正確。26 解析】考查形容詞辨析。充足的，適當(dāng)?shù)摹８鶕?jù)下文中riding with WilsonB表達的是Wilson 都會馬上給他們?nèi)ベI吃的，從未猶豫過。故. attempts 試圖； C. manages 經(jīng)營，設(shè)法；D. hesitat

29、es 猶Wilson 對孩子們的幫助。因此該處應(yīng)指：當(dāng)B. unusual 不尋常的；C. necessary 必需的；D. adequateome students don ' t have a reliable car, whithers .For them,plete their education 可以推知，對于那些乘車有困難”C 選項正確。Wilson 的車對于他們完成大學(xué)教育來說是必需的。故27 解析】考查動詞辨析。A. share 分享； B. fuel 加燃料；C. repair 修理； D. exchange 交換。有的學(xué)生沒法得到可靠的汽車，有的學(xué)生必須和他們一周工

30、作六天的家長共用車輛。表示 “共用 ”，需用share。故A選項正確?！?28 解析】考查動詞辨析。A. required 需要； B. allowed 允許； C. reminded 提醒，使想起；D. convinced說服，使信服。乘坐Wilson 的汽車使得他們可以完成大學(xué)教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能夠做某事”應(yīng)該用 allow sb. to do sth. 。故 B 選項正確。30 解析】考查名詞辨析。A. experience 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗；B. arrangement 安排； C. appreciation 欣賞，感激；D. employment 雇用，使用。Wilson

31、認為自己從接送學(xué)生們上學(xué)的“經(jīng)歷 ”中受益頗多。A 選項正確。【 30 解析】考查名詞辨析。A. effort 努力； B. ambition 雄心，志向；C. privilege 榮幸，特權(quán)，優(yōu)待；D.convenience 方便，便利。Wilson 認為自己從接送學(xué)生們上學(xué)的“經(jīng)歷 ”中受益頗多。在這個過程中，他認識了這些學(xué)生，聽到他們的故事，他認為這是自己的“榮幸 ”，故 C 選項正確。第二部分:閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)， 40分 ）AWant to explore new cultures ， meet new people and do something worthwhile at the

32、 same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association（GDA）.Whatever stage of life you're at， wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA ， you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community（ 社區(qū) ）.We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most o

33、f our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers ， mountain leaders， and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose ， you could help to inc

34、rease a community's access to safe drinking water ， or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally ， you'll also learn newskills and increase your cultural aw

35、areness. You may have chances to meet new people who'llbecome your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:CountrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul.- 1Aug.20Jun. -7Aug.Egypt24 Jul-20 Aug.19Jun.-6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul.-16Aug.18 Jun.-5 Aug.South Afric

36、a2Aug.-29 Aug.15 Jun.-2Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to deve

37、lop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:Email: 31. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A. To seek local partnersB. To take in young volunteersC. To carry out programme

38、sD. To foster cultural awareness32. The programme beginning in August will operate inA. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. SouthAfria33. The shared goal of GDA ' s projects toA. explore new culturesB. protect the environmentC. gain corporate benefitD. help communities in need解析 31. C 32. D 33. D本文是一則廣告。G

39、lobal Development Association(GDA)致力于積極的改變貧窮和偏遠的社區(qū)，在這里能探索新的文化，結(jié)識新朋友，同時做一些值得的事。文章為 GDA招募志愿者并 介紹了今年夏天的具體項目。【31解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干問管理人員的主要職責(zé)是什么。根據(jù)第三段中 Depending on which role youchoose, you could help to increase .,or help to project.You might also design. 可知，根據(jù)崗位不同，管理人員可以幫助增加小區(qū)的飲用水，可以規(guī)劃地方文化，可以設(shè)計挑戰(zhàn)項目培訓(xùn)年輕的志愿者，從

40、這些內(nèi)容上可以判斷出其主要職責(zé)是執(zhí)行項目計劃。故選Co【32解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干問八月份開始的這個項目將在哪里開展。根據(jù)這個表格中4-weekprogrammes中的最后一個 South Africa 2 Aug-29 Aug ,可知八月在南非開始，答案選D?！?3解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干問 GDA的所有項目的共同目的是什么。根據(jù)第一段 you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.和倒數(shù)第二段中 All our projects aim to promote the development of poor

41、and remote communities 可知，其目標(biāo)就是促進偏遠貧窮區(qū)域的發(fā)展，即幫助有需要的社區(qū)。故選 D。Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur 創(chuàng)業(yè)者）,who in May 2015 set up her businessAilieCandy. By the time she was 13 , her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead o

42、f destroying them.It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I mak

43、e a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?" With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.With her dad's

44、 permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can r

45、educe oral bacteria.Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sellMoore's product-Cancandy.As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as

46、a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Althou

47、gh she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for

48、Alice Moore.34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?A. She argued with him.C. She paid no attention35. What is special about CanCandy?A. It is beneficial to dental health.C. It is sweeter than other candies.36. What does Moore expect from her business?A. To earn more money.C. To make hersel

49、f stand out.37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.C. Positive thinking and action result in success.B. She tried to find a way out.D. She chose to consult dentists.B. It is free of sweeteners.D. It is produ

50、ced to a dentists' recipe.B. To help others find smiles.D. To beat other candy companies.D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied解析 34. B35. A36. B37. C這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Alice Moore ，一個年輕有為的創(chuàng)業(yè)者的故事，故事告訴我們：積極的思考和行動會帶來成功。【 34 解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she

51、 desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parentscan't say no to it? " 及下文她想方設(shè)法最終制作出了叫CanCandy 的糖果可知，她對父親的警告的反應(yīng)是：她試圖找到一條出路解決問題。故選B 。【 35 解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only usin

52、g natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. 可知，這種糖只使用天然甜味劑，可以減少口腔細菌，因此它對牙齒有利。故選A。36 解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.可知，Moor想用她獨特的才能幫助別人找到他們的笑容。故選 B。37 解析】推理判斷題。文章主要講述了r 的創(chuàng)業(yè)故事，她樂觀地看待問題，改法去解決問題。她之所以能成功，源于面對問題和困難時，因此， 通過她的故事讓我們懂得積極的思考和行動會帶

53、來成功。故選The problemgotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year ， half of the calls we receive will be scams（ 欺詐 ）.Weare finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools， apps and approaches inte

54、nded to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately ， it's too little ， too late. By the time these“解決方案 solutions）"b（ecome widely available ， scammerswill have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future ， it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will

55、 be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation （ 處理 ） and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this year's I/O Conference ,a co

56、mpany showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human -sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a heada

57、che has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches儆據(jù)侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name ， and far more. Armed with this knowledge. they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means. for example ， that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 's ， ricking you into "confirming " your address ， mother