高一牛津版名詞性從句語法小結(jié)

1、高一牛津版名詞性從句語法小結(jié)名詞性從句包括主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句和賓語從句，它是高考考題中復(fù)現(xiàn)率最高的語法現(xiàn)象之一。近年來高考對名詞性從句的考核主要體現(xiàn)在下列幾方面：(1)考查主句和從句間的連詞使用，尤其是使用that，if，whether，what，whatever等連接詞的使用情況。(2)名詞性從句中主句和從句中時態(tài)的一致。(3)從句在主句中位置以及在主句中的語序。 高考重點會放在名詞性從句中連詞的使用上。大家一定要注意以下五種情況：1that在名詞性從句中的幾種使用情況。2what連接詞的語言意義和語法功能。3whether在名詞性從句中的使用場合和區(qū)別。4whoeve

2、r和whomever在名詞性從句中的語法功能。5what和which在具體語境下意義的不同。    主語從句  一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當主語成份的句子叫做主語從句。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有連詞that；whether。疑問代詞who；what；which；whatever；whichever；whoever。疑問副詞when；where；why；how等。   That she won the game made us very happy. What is needed is careful preparation.  Wheth

3、er she is coming or not doesnt matter too much.  Who will go there makes no difference.  Which team will win the match is still not certain.  Why he did that was a secret.二that引導(dǎo)的主語從句 that引導(dǎo)主語從句時，在主語從句中沒有任何意義，也不充當任何成分，只是單純的連詞，that引導(dǎo)主語從句時不能省略。在通常情況下，that引導(dǎo)主語從句時，常常用it做形式主語，而將that從句置于句尾。

4、如果用that引導(dǎo)的從句做主語的句子是疑問句，就只能用it做形式主語。    That he will succeed is certain.                                   1  T

5、hat her mother was ill made her very sad.      It is certain that he will succeed.    It makes me very happy that she won the game.     It made her very sad that her mother was ill.      Is it certain that he will come?Is it true

6、that he would take the risk?  三whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句如置于句首，只能用whether來引導(dǎo)。如果用it做形式主語，可以用whether來引導(dǎo)，有時也可以用if來引導(dǎo)。    Whether she will go there is not known     Whether I will accept the job is not decided. It is not decided whether / if I will accept the job.

7、60; 四wh-疑問詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句 用what；whatever；whoever；whichever引導(dǎo)主語從句時，不能用it做形式主語。但用when；where；why；wherever；whenever引導(dǎo)主語從句時，可以用it做形式主語。What we need is your help.  What she said is not true.  Whatever I have is yours. Whoever comes will be welcome. Wherever she wants to go is not allowed. Why he did th

8、is is not known. It is not known why he did this. It is still unknown when she will come.   表語從句 一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當表語成份的句子叫做表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞有連詞that；whether；as if。疑問代詞who；what；which。疑問副詞when；where；why；how等。 e.g.   The trouble is that she has lost his telephone number.The question is wheth

9、er it is worth doing. It looks as if it was going to snow. That is where she was born. That is how she did it. Thats why she was late. 二that引導(dǎo)的表語從句 that引導(dǎo)表語從句時，在表語從句中沒有任何意義，也不充當任何成分，只是單純的連詞，而且不能省略。                  

10、             2  The fact is that the child is lying. The trouble is that we are short of money. The reason he did not come is that he was ill. My opinion is that you should finish your homework first. 三whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句當表語從句為不確定語氣時，用

11、whether來引導(dǎo)。此時不能用if來代替。The first question is whether it is true or not.  The question is whether people will buy it. What I want to know is whether I should go there.The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people. 四wh-疑問詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句 當表語從句為帶有特定的疑問意義時，用wh-疑問詞來引導(dǎo)。The problem is how

12、we could make him understand it. The question is where we can get the books. Thats why Wang Dong got scolded. 五as if；as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句。He looks as if / as though he were angry.    賓語從句一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當賓語成份的句子叫做賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞有連詞that；whether；if。疑問代詞who；whose；what；which。疑問副詞when；where；why；how等

13、。 I think that he will be all right in a few days. Do you know whom they are waiting for. He asked whose dictionary it was. Please pay attention to what the teacher said. I dont know when and where we are going to have the meeting. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 二功能：1.) 

14、作動詞的賓語： I wonder whether you can get here on time. She told me that she would accept my invitation. I hear that Physics isnt easy. 2.)  作介詞的賓語：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. He differed from his colleagues in that he devoted his spare time to reading. 3.)&#

15、160; 作形容詞的賓語：    在afraid；anxious；certain；determined；glad；proud；surprised；worried；                              3.  sorry；thankful；

16、ashamed；disappointed；pleased；satisfied；content等形容詞后面用that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。 Im very pleased that you all have passed the examination. Im afraid that I have made a mistake. We are not sure whether we can persuade him out of smoking.三that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 that引導(dǎo)是陳述句的賓語從句。that只是單純的連詞，在賓語從句中沒有任何意義，也不充當任何成分，只是單純的連詞，一般情況下可以省略

17、。I told him (that) he was wrong. Lets suppose (that) one day this happens to you. 在許多帶有復(fù)合賓語的句子中，人們通常把that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句移到句子的后面去，而用it做形式賓語，這時that一般不能省略。We think it wrong that he told a lie to his parents. We thought it a pity that she missed the chance. He has made it clear that he wont agree to the plan.We

18、 consider it necessary that we should open our door to the outside world. 主句的謂語動詞是agree；argue；hold；learn；maintain(主張)；observe；contend；remark(評論)；state；suggest；announce時，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞that通常不能省略。當復(fù)合句中含有多個并列的賓語從句時，特別是當?shù)谝粋€賓語從句比較長的時候，第一個賓語從句的連詞that可省也可不省略，但后面的賓語從句前的連詞that不能省略。I wish (that) we could go sights

19、eeing in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some clothes on our way back in Shanghai.四whether；if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句當賓語從句表示不肯定或疑問意義時由whether；if來引導(dǎo)。表示“是否”，“是不是”時，一般可以互換。但是在句子中如果有or not, 只能用whether。此外，在做介詞的賓語從句時也只能用whether, 而不能用if來引導(dǎo)。He asked if / whether she would come. I dont know whether he will come or

20、 not. They are talking about whether he will win the game. Everything depends on whether you agree with us. 五wh-疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 You may ask him when he will come. Do you know who will come to dinner this evening?  He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class. Please tell me where you are goi

21、ng. He didnt know why she didnt go to school that dayI wonder whom she wants to see. 六賓語從句的語序：賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序。                             4.  She wants

22、 to know whether I like that film. The teacher asked me if I could finish my homework on time Do you know why January is hotter than July in Australia?  Im not interested in what he is doing. 七賓語從句的時態(tài)：賓語從句的時態(tài)必須接受并服從主句謂語動詞時態(tài)的要求。當主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r時，賓語從句可以根據(jù)需要選用任何一種時態(tài)。當主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是過去時時，賓語從句只能在過去時態(tài)中進

23、行選擇。She says that she works from Monday to Friday. She says that she will have a message on his desk. She says that she has never been to the Great Wall. He said that they were having a meeting at that time. He said that he would do everything he could to help her. 但是如果賓語從句是客觀真理時，則用一般現(xiàn)在時。The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.   同位語從句 一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當同位語成份的句子叫做同位語從句。同位語從句用在某些名詞如idea；fa