人教版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)上冊(cè)教材詳解

1、人教版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)上冊(cè)教材詳解Unit 11、 How are you?你好嗎How is he ?他好嗎I ' m fine. = I ' m OK.= I' m very well. fine,都曜 WW詞,表身體好的2、What' s this in EnglishIt' s a ruler. in English英語(yǔ)Spell it, please. = How do you spell it ?請(qǐng)拼寫(xiě)出來(lái)R -U-L-E-R.3、問(wèn)顏色： What color is it ? - It ' s black and white.What c

2、olor are they ? -They are red.4、問(wèn)姓名： What' s your/ her/ his name ?5、人稱代詞、物主代詞人稱代詞主格賓格物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞名詞性 物主代詞我Ime我的mymine我們Weus我們的ourours你/你們Youyou你/你們的youryours他Hehim他的hishis她Sheher她的herhers它Itit它的itsits他們Theythem他們的theirtheirs人稱代詞：表某人,分主格、賓格作主語(yǔ)為主格,常放句首；作賓語(yǔ)為賓格,常放動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)如： I can help you Can you h

3、elp me.物主代詞：表 某人的,可分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞.形容詞性物主代詞后必須接賓語(yǔ),名詞性物主代詞后不接賓語(yǔ).如This is my book.= This book is mine.變化規(guī)那么：一變mymine;二留his his itsits三加 syouryours ; ourours ; her hers ; theirtheirs練習(xí)題： am a 14-year-old girl, name is Jane. Look, this photo is . father is a teacher. works in a primary school. studen

4、ts all love . mother is a doctor. works in a hospital. both love jobs. I have a happy family. Do you have a family photo ? Please talk about .Unit 21、指示代詞：this , that , these , those. 其中this , that 一般與可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)連用或代替單數(shù)名詞,而不與不可數(shù)名詞連用.these, those接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞但 that可單獨(dú)指代不可數(shù)名詞.練習(xí)題 This apple is mine, is you

5、rs. These my apples and yours. The weather here is hotter than in Hainan.4 My books are different from on your desk.2、一般疑問(wèn)句,用 yes或no來(lái)答復(fù)的問(wèn)句.動(dòng)詞be提前,some改anyThere are some students in the room. there students in the room?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, would, should, may, must等表語(yǔ)氣提前He can speak English. r he speak Eng

6、lish ?使用助動(dòng)詞do/does/did來(lái)幫助實(shí)義動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成問(wèn)句.后接動(dòng)詞原形,some改any.He has some friends.he friends.【注意】一般情況下,some用于肯定句,any用于否認(rèn)句、疑問(wèn)句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句(但表請(qǐng)求、建議,希望得到對(duì)方的肯定的答復(fù)的問(wèn)句中可用some,此類句型常以 couldwould開(kāi)頭)題： Would you like tea ? Could you take tea to me .3、特殊疑問(wèn)句：以疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)始的問(wèn)句.其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)有：疑問(wèn)詞+ be +主語(yǔ)Who are you ?What is your name ?What is yo

7、ur favorite subject ?Where is the baseball ?How much is it ?When is your birthday ?疑問(wèn)詞+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 + (其他)?What kind of movie do you like ?What time do you usually get up ?Why do you like art ?4、 助動(dòng)詞do/ does / did的用法：幫助對(duì)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提問(wèn)或否認(rèn),后接動(dòng)詞原形.(1) Do/Does/Did. like/have/go/want/think/play 喜歡嘴有嗎去嗎.) don'

8、 t / doesn ' t/ didn ' t like/have/go/want/think/pB喜歡、沒(méi)有?不去、不想)5、短語(yǔ) ：call sb. at + 號(hào)：Please call me 5689000.Unit 31、介紹他人,人稱關(guān)系詞This is my mother / father / brother/ friend /sister/uncle/ daughter/ son2、指示代詞 this , that , these , those 的用法.Those are my two brothers. And that' s my sister.3

9、、短語(yǔ):Thanks for (doing) sth. = Thank you for (doing ) sth. 謝謝(做)某事. Thanks for . (listen)謝謝收聽(tīng) Thanks for your letter.謝謝你的來(lái)信.Unit 41、方位介詞 on/in / under的用法：(on在 上；in在里；under在下)My book is on/in/under the desk.2、take, bring, fetch 的用法： take sth. to sb./some place. bring sth. to sb. /some place. fetch sth

10、 for sb. =fetch sb. sth./某地take拿走,從說(shuō)話者處拿到遠(yuǎn)處把某物拿到某人把某物帶到某人/某地bring帶來(lái),從遠(yuǎn)處帶到說(shuō)話者處為某人去取某物練習(xí)題： I ' m thirsty. Can you The teacher said"Don' t forget to The teacher asked me to先去再回,強(qiáng)調(diào)雙向me?something to drink your homework school.his books his office.);)3、 need的用法：need to do sth.(用于肯定句,后接動(dòng)詞不定式,當(dāng)

11、做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞needn ' t do sth!(于否認(rèn)句后常接動(dòng)詞原形,當(dāng)做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.題： She need you. (tell ) She needn ' t you. (tell)Unit 51、 have表 有 吃喝時(shí)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有意義的動(dòng)詞,在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中,當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為單 數(shù)第三人稱時(shí),用 has,其他人稱用have.題： She a brother. They bread and milk for breakfast every day. have2、 many和much都表很多",但many后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),而 much后接不可數(shù)名詞.題：There are

12、vegetables and milk in the fridge.3、let, make, have當(dāng)他們表 使"時(shí),是使令動(dòng)詞,后常接動(dòng)詞原形.題： let ' s home. go The movie made me . cry I would have him for me. waitUnit 6可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)那么：一般加s,大多數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)后直接加"s如：bookbooks pen pens; sh; ch; x 結(jié)尾加 es 如：bus buses watch watches box boxes 輔+y"結(jié)尾變 y 為 i 加 es

13、如：babyr babies familyfamilies但注意以下幾點(diǎn)特殊的：無(wú)規(guī)那么名詞：man men ; woman women ; policeman policemen ; Englishman Englishmen child children ； foot feet ; tooth teeth mouse鼠mice一般以"o結(jié)尾的,加 "戒口 ： photophotos; kilo kilos ;但初中有四個(gè)以"奇尾的可數(shù)名詞要加 七王"negronegroes黑人;heroheroes雄；potato potatoes土豆;tomato

14、tomatoes 番茄一般以 f fe結(jié)尾那么變 ffe為 v 加 es 如：leaf leaves knifeknives;但roof 房頂直接加s ,即：roof roofs單復(fù)同形 :fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese名詞修飾名詞,第一個(gè)名詞充當(dāng)形容詞,所以第一個(gè)名詞常不用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如；a book shoptwo book shops但有以下2種特殊情況.由man , woman表性別,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),man和woman也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式.a man doctor two men doctors; a woman teacher two w

15、omen teachers sport常用復(fù)數(shù)形式修飾后面的名詞a sports meeting; a sports jacket 某國(guó)人的復(fù)數(shù)：中日不變英法變,其余 s加后面.eg. German Germans people , police 常用單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)概念The police are looking for the missing boy.題：()1.Are those?-No, they aren ' t. They ' re.A. sheep ; cowsB. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cowD. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mu

16、m, I ' m quite thirsty. Please give me.A. two orangeB.two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orange D.two bottles of oranges( )3.I have gotnews from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very good B. any C. a piece of D. two pieces ( )4.Mrs. Green has two. They' re very bright.A. childs B. child

17、C. children ' D. children( )5.The cat caught two last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices( )6.Jack went to have two pulled out yesterday afternoon.A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes( )7.In our school there are fifty-five.A. women teachers B. woman teachersC. women teacher D. woman '

18、; s teacher( )8.The three will be put into prison.A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs 'Unit 71、 不定冠詞a, an用于可數(shù)名詞前,都表 、(個(gè)、只、張 )a用在輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前如：a book； a useful book ；a uw an用于元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前.如：an apple; an umbrella;an hour;an "F題：( )1.There is "s" in word"bus.A. a ; a B. an ; the C

19、. a ; the D. an ; a( )2.Math is useful su bject. You can ' t d rop itA. an B. a C. the D. /2、take的用法： 拿走： Who has taken my pen ? 買(mǎi)下(同 buy) It ' s ten dollars, I ' ll take it. 乘,搭車 I take a bus to school.(4) 花費(fèi) It takes me ten years to finish the work. 記錄 take notes 記筆記；take photos 照相； ta

20、ke one ' s temperature體溫(6) 服 (藥)(=have) Take this medicine after each meal.【總結(jié)】take短語(yǔ)還有：take/have a bath/shower洗個(gè)澡；take /have a walk散一散步take off 脫下,起飛；take away 拿走；take in 吸收；take it easy 別緊張；take out 取出;take over 接管；take place 發(fā)生；take up 占據(jù)(空間)3、at和in的用法：At和in都可以接地名,表在某地. At后接小地名,in后接大地名.但如果強(qiáng)調(diào)

21、在某建筑物內(nèi)部時(shí),用 in.如：at school, at home, in Beijing, in China, at/in the library.題： He' ll arrive Shanghai tomorrow .4、 at a- price"種 的價(jià)格： W e got it at a very low/good price.5、 afford表買(mǎi)得起,負(fù)擔(dān)的起",常與can, be able to, could等表能的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用. I can afford a car. He isn ' t able to afford (to buy)a

22、car.6、 have a look 看一看Let me have a look.have a look at 看一看某物 Let me have a look at your watch.7、on sale (廉價(jià))出售: The clothes are on sale.8、in + 顏色： We have T-shirts in red/ green.(此處 in 表 處于某種狀態(tài)") Do you know the girl in red ?(此處 in 表 穿著")9、短語(yǔ):see for oneself 親自看： Come and see for yourself

23、.10、for是一個(gè)介詞,用法有： 為：I can do anything for you. 給：This letter is for you. 對(duì)于 It is important for us to learn English well. 適合于 books for children. (表時(shí)間,距離,數(shù)量 )達(dá),計(jì)：I ' ll stay there for a week.11、help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事(help后接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞原形)題： She often helps the room. (A. clean B. cleans C. clea

24、ning D. to cleaning )Unit 81、問(wèn)生日： When is your birthday? - It ' s January fourth.2、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法：基變序,有規(guī)律；詞尾要加 th.一二三,特殊記；詞尾分別tddo八去t ,九去e ;ve那么以f替,ty那么變作ti ;后面還有一個(gè)e.要是遇到幾十幾；只將個(gè)位變成序.onefirsttwo second three third eight eighth nine ninthfive fifth twelve twelfthtwenty twentieth twenty-one twenty-firs

25、t題： Today is the of March.(九) He is the person.(十二)unit 91、go to a movie 去看電影2、助動(dòng)詞do/does的用法.3、What kind (of ) 用來(lái)問(wèn)種類：What kind (of movie) do you like ?4、too, as well, also, either 都表 也",不同用法有： too和as well都用于肯定句末,可互換,但too前常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi).I ' m a student. He is a student as well/too. also用于肯定句中(位于系動(dòng)詞、

26、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前)如：He is also a student. He also likes English. either 用于否認(rèn)句末.I ' mot a student, he isn ' a student either.5、短語(yǔ)：learn about 學(xué)習(xí),了解 know about 得知,了解6、短語(yǔ)：on weekends7、 名詞所有格：名詞st思是“的)有生命的名詞所有格,一般在后加“但注意： 表兩者共有那么在后者加豪 各自的那么分別在每人頭上加°s Lucy and Lily ' s fatief和莉莉的父親(共有的) Jim

27、' s and Lily ' sfa姆獻(xiàn)成親和莉莉的父親.(Jim和Lily各自的)以s結(jié)尾的詞只加 “如： the boys ' books!) James' father無(wú)生命的名詞所有格用of來(lái)引導(dǎo)如：the leg of the desk(4)雙重所有格:a friend of my father ' sa friend of mine ( V ) a friend of my(x )題：( )1.room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily ' sC. Lucy &

28、#39; s and Lily D. Lucy ' s and Lily' s( )2.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a to his office.A. 20 minutes ' walk B. 20 minute ' s walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walkUnit 101、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的用法.2、 join參加(人群,組織,成為其中一員)：join usjoin the chess club. take part in 參加 (活動(dòng)):take part in the contes

29、t.冠詞1、不定冠詞a, ana用在輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前如：a book； a useful book ； a _y"'an用于元音開(kāi)頭的詞前.如：an apple;an hour;an " F2、定冠詞the 特指某人/某物,表 這,那The book on the desk is mine.世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky形、副最高級(jí)及序數(shù)詞前The third boy is the tallest of all.【注意】當(dāng)這些詞前已有其他限定詞,如物主代詞、指示代詞時(shí),那么不能再用theHe is

30、my first English teacher.the +姓的復(fù)數(shù)表示某家人或某夫婦；the +形容詞 表一類人,作主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù) The Greens are visiting Beijing 格林一家正在參觀北京. The poor live hard .窮人生活艱辛.(類似有：the rich, the old, the young 后面省略了 people) 樂(lè)器前加 the .如 play the piano/ guitar/ violin3、不用冠詞的幾種情況： 在星期、月份、季節(jié)前不用冠詞on Monday; in January; in winter.學(xué)科名詞前 learn En

31、glish球類,棋類等運(yùn)動(dòng)及早、中、晚三餐名詞前()1.Mary is cleverer of the two girls.A. the B. a C. an D. much()2.young must look after old.A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the()3.earth is one of planets.A. The ; sun ' B. The ; the sun C. The ; the sun ' D. The ; the suns '( )4.Kate sometimes plays viol

32、in( 小提琴)and sometimes plays table tennis beforesupper. ( A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ; / )Unit 111、what time表幾點(diǎn)",常用來(lái)問(wèn)小時(shí)間；when表什么時(shí)候",既可以問(wèn)小時(shí)間(=Whattime),也可以問(wèn)大時(shí)間,如：哪年,哪月,哪天,此時(shí)不用 What time o What time/ When do you get up ? - At six o ' clock.When is your birthday ?- It ' s

33、November second.2> listen聽(tīng),是個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞,不能直接接賓語(yǔ),需加 to才能接賓語(yǔ).如；Please listen me. ( x ) 4istenieia>sme.( V)類似的詞有: wait for 等；look at 看著； arrive at/in 到達(dá)；get to 到達(dá)；go to 去； talk about 談?wù)?；talk with/to 和某人談3、表喜歡厭惡等心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,大多數(shù)都能接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞(v-ing ),但enjoy后只能接動(dòng)名詞.女口: love/like/prefer/hate to do sth. 或 love/l

34、ike/prefer/hate doing sth.比較I like to play basketball我喜歡豈丁籃球還沒(méi)打籃球I like playing basketball.我喜歡經(jīng)常打籃球4、job表職業(yè),可數(shù)名詞；work表 工作,做的事",不可數(shù)名詞.題： He has a as a teacher. He has a lot of to do every day.【擴(kuò)展】work做可數(shù)名詞時(shí),表 作品,著作",常用復(fù)數(shù).如：the works of Luxun.4、around常作介詞,表： 在周圍 We sat around the table. 大約=a

35、bout : I usually get up around 6 o ' clock. 至,處 around the world = all over the world = throughout the world 全世界5、start/ begin doing sth. = start / begin to do sth. 開(kāi)始做某事.I started to learn/ learning English at the age of 6.但有3種情況后只能跟to do.主語(yǔ)是物.begin和start本身為ing形式.它們后 的動(dòng)詞與想法,感情有關(guān)時(shí).所以當(dāng)兩個(gè)答案同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí),應(yīng)

36、選 to do. The trees begin green. A. to turn B. turning I am beginning my homework. A. to do B. doing She started me. A. to understand B. understanding 6、tell sb. about 告訴某人關(guān)于 - Please tell me about yourself.tell sb. sth.告訴某人某事：Please tell me the truth.7、辨析 tell; talk; say; speaktell表 告訴,講述",常后接人

37、或事情作賓語(yǔ).Tell me the truth.talk表交談",是不及物動(dòng)詞,常與 with/to/about搭配使用再接賓語(yǔ)say表說(shuō)"后接說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容做賓語(yǔ).I say : you are wrong.speak表 講后直接接某種語(yǔ)言作賓語(yǔ).Speak English.題：1 Our English teacher often us stories in English.A. tellsB. speaksC. talks D. says2 I don ' t understand what you said. Can you it in EnglishA. t

38、ellB. speakC. talk D. say8、 take sb. to 某地送某人到某地 The bus usually takes him to work at 19:15.take sth with sb. 某人隨身帶著:Don' t forget to take a camera with you.9、 in the morning 在每天早晨；on a morning 在 某天 早晨【總結(jié)】in用于大時(shí)間前年,月,周或用于一些習(xí)慣短語(yǔ)中.on用于具體某一天前, 或某天上午,下午等前.at用于小時(shí)間前幾點(diǎn)幾分題：1.the morning 2.Monday morning

39、 3.a rainy evening 4.3:505._ 20026.the morning of April 107.spring 8.night9. this time 10.March10、短語(yǔ)：tell sb. about sth.告訴某人有關(guān) 的情況Please write to me and tell me about your moring.1、短語(yǔ)：write to sb.寫(xiě)信給某人=write a letter to sb.Unit 121、 tired 1疲勞的,累的【短語(yǔ)】be tired from/ with 因而疲勞 He is tired from work.2厭煩

40、的【短語(yǔ)】be tired of doing sth.厭煩做某事 I am tired of studying.2、busy表繁忙的"短語(yǔ)有：be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事We are busy preparing our exams these days.3、strict表嚴(yán)格的,短語(yǔ)有： be strict with sb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求 His father is strict with him. be strict in sth.對(duì)某事嚴(yán)格要求 We should be strict in (doing) our work.4、ask表 問(wèn)；要求；邀請(qǐng)等,常

41、見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)有：(1) ask sb. about sth.詢I可某人有關(guān) -的情況. He often asks me about the weather. ask/tell sb. to do sth.要求某人去做某事My father always asks me to study hard. ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物:The beggar often asks me some food.月S個(gè)乞丐經(jīng)常 (4) ask sb. for help 向某人尋求幫助you can ask the police for help.5、 any常用于疑問(wèn)句,條件狀語(yǔ)從句,否認(rèn)句中 用于疑問(wèn)句,條件狀語(yǔ)從句,否認(rèn)句中,表 些. Are there any people